2022年阅读理解专项 .pdf

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1、阅读理解专项1. No one knows exactly how many disabled people there are in the world, but 11 suggest the figure is over 450 million. The number of disabled people in India 12 is probably more than double the total population of Canada. In the United Kingdom, about one in ten people have some disability. Di

2、sability is not just something that happens to other people: as we get older, many of us will become less 13 , hard of hearing or have failing eyesight. Disablement can take many forms and occur at any time of life. Some people are born with disabilities. Many others become disabled as they get olde

3、r. There are many 14 disabling diseases. The longer time goes on, the worse they become. Some people are disabled in accidents. Many others may have a period of disability in the form of a mental illness. All are affected by peoples attitude towards them. Disabled people face many 15 barriers. Next

4、time you go shopping or to work or to visit friends, imagine how you would 16 if you could not get up steps, or on to buses and trains. How would you cope if you could not see where you were going or could not hear the traffic? But there are other barriers; 17 can be even harder to break down and ig

5、norance 18 represents by far the greatest barrier of all. It is almost impossible for the able-bodied to fully appreciate what the severely disabled go through, so it is important to 19 attention to these barriers and show that it is the individual person and their ability, not their disability, whi

6、ch 20 A. inevitably B. evaluations C. estimates D. manage E. alone F. counts G . prejudice H. physical I. mobile J. indifferently K. withdraw L. progressive M. regular N. accounts O. draw The greatest recent social changes have been in the lives of women. During the twentieth century there has been

7、a remarkable shortening of the proportion of a womans life spent in caring for the children. A woman marrying at the end of the nineteenth century would probably have been in her middle twenties ? and would be likely to have seven or eight children, of whom four or five lived till they were five yea

8、rs old. By the time the youngest was fifteen, the mother would have been in her early fifties and would expect to live a further twenty years, during which custom, opportunity and health made it unusual for her to get paid work. Today women marry younger and have fewer children. Usually a womans you

9、ngest child will be fifteen when she is forty-five years and is likely to take paid work until retirement at sixty. Even while she has the care of children, her work is lightened by household appliances and convenience foods. This important change in womens life-pattern has only recently begun to ha

10、ve its full effect on womens economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay a

11、t school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-or-part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a

12、greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life, and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them. 21. According to the passage, it is now quite usual for women to_. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资

13、料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - A. stay at home after leaving school B. marry men younger than themselves C. start working again later in life D. marry while still at school 22. We are told that in an average family about 1900_. A. many ch

14、ildren died before they lived to more than five B. seven or eight children lived to be more than five C. the youngest child would be fifteen D. four or five children died when they were five 23. Many girls, the passage claims, are now likely to_. A. give up their jobs for good after they are married

15、 B. leave school as soon as they can C. marry so that they can get a job D. continue working until they are going to have a baby 24. One reason why a woman today may take a job is that she_. A. is younger when her children are old enough to look after .themselves B. does not like children herself C.

16、 need not worry about food for her children D. can retire from family responsibilities when she reaches sixty 25. Nowadays, a husband tends to_. A. play a greater part in looking after the children B. help his wife by doing much of the housework C. feel dissatisfied with his role in the family D. ta

17、ke a part-time job so that he can help in the home When blood is sent to the lungs by the heart, it has come back from the cells in the rest of the body. So the blood that goes into the wall of an air sac (Jl) contains much dissolved carbon dioxide but very little oxygen. At the same time, the air t

18、hat goes into the air sac contains much oxygen but very little carbon dioxide. You have learned that dissolved materials always diffuse (扩散) from where there is more of them to where there is less. Oxygen from the air dissolves in the moisture on the lining of the air sac and diffuses through the li

19、ning into the blood. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air sac. The blood then flows from the lungs back to the heart, which sends it out to all other parts of the body. Soon after air goes into an air sac, it gives up some of its oxygen and takes in some carbon dioxide from

20、 the blood. To keep diffusion going as it should, this carbon dioxide must be gotten rid of. Breathing, which is caused by movements of the chest, forces the used air out of the air sacs in your lungs and brings in fresh air. The breathing muscles are controlled automatically so that you breathe at

21、the proper rate to keep your air sacs supplied with fresh air. Ordinarily, you breathe about twenty-two times a minute. Of course, you breathe faster when you are exercising and slower when you are resting. Fresh air is brought into your lungs when you breathe in, or inhale, while used air is forced

22、 out of your lungs when you breathe out, or exhale. 26. In the respiratory process, only one of the following actions takes place: it is_. A. the diffusion of blood through capillary walls into air sacs B. the diffusion of carbon dioxide through capillary and air sac walls into the blood C. the diff

23、usion of oxygen through the air sac and capillary walls into the blood 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - D. the exchange of nitrogen within air sacs 27. The number of times per minute that you breathe is_. A. independent of yo

24、ur rate of exercise B. fixed at twenty-two times per minute C. influenced by your age and sex D. controlled automatically by an unspecified body mechanism 28. The process by which carbon dioxide and oxygen are transferred does not depend on A. the presence of nitrogen in the blood B. breathing muscl

25、es C. the flow of blood D. the moisture in the air sac linings 29. The authors style in this passage can best be described as-. A informal and matter of fact B. impersonal C. personal P- matter of fact and formal 30. Which of the following words can replace the word exhale? A. Breathe out. B. Breath

26、e in. C. Diffuse. D. Exchange. 11. C 12. E 13. I 14. L 15. H 16. D 17. G 18. A 19. O 20. F 21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. A 30. A 2.If you are looking for information, library shelves are a good place to start. But if you need up-to-the-minute data or have specialized needs, you

27、 may find a computerized database more useful, less expensive, and less time 11 .A database, a file of information on one subject or family of subjects, can be stored and 12 in a computers memory. The speed of the computer then 13 you to recall any item in this file almost 14 The three main types of

28、 databases are statistical, bibliographic, and full text. Statistical databases store 15 amounts of numerical data, such as wage and price indexes, census information, foreign 16 rates and bond prices. Bibliographic databases store references to and summaries of articles in periodicals and newspaper

29、s. Full-text databases offer the complex texts of such 17 as newspaper, magazine, and journal articles. Thousands of databases exist today, and their numbers are growing. Many companies have their in-house database, which is 18 to employees through computer terminals or microcomputers. In addition,

30、several hundred commercial databases are now available to the 19 , with literally millions of items of information readily obtainable. These databases 20 specific fields, such as law and financial forecasting, or general information, such as sports and weather data.来源： A. exchange B. public C. insta

31、ntly D. cover E. enables F. consuming G . remained H. materials I. hide J. intensively K. vast L. communications M. exhausting N. accessible 0. maintained3.Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually wh

32、en our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the duration of the fixation -varies considerably from person to person. It also 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - -

33、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - - vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness. Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improv

34、ement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are

35、 flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and

36、 more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but its one thing to improve a person s ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequentl

37、y, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach whichtrains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous text. 1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the

38、 following facts except _ . A. one s familiarity with the textB. one s purpose in readingC. the length of a group of words D. lighting and tiredness 2. The author may believe that reading _. A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation B. requires a reader to see words more quickly C.

39、 demands an deeply-participating mind D. demands more mind than eyes 3 What does the auth or mean by saying “but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph?A. The ability to see words is

40、not needed when an efficient reading is conducted. B. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words. C. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve an efficient reading.D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve

41、ones ability to see words. 4. Which of the following is NOT true? A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time. B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training. C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading. D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text. 5. The tune of the author in writing this article is _ A critical B neutral C prssimistic D optimistic答案：CCCDA 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 4 页 - - - - - - - - -