2022高考英语 名师指导分项拿分专训 单项填空（定语从句）＋阅读理解.doc

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1、(十)单项填空(定语从句)阅读理解 (限时35分钟).单项填空1(2013山西高三诊断)Nissans plants in Zhengzhou and Guangzhou, _ operate in cooperation with Dongfeng Motor Corp., remained closed.Awhich Bwho Cthat Dwhose答案：A考查定语从句。句意：在郑州和广州，与东风汽车集团合作的尼桑工厂还关闭着。分析句子结构可知，两个逗号之间的句子是非限制性定语从句，且空处在从句中作主语，指代前面的plants，故用which来引导。A项正确。2(2013河北普通高中高三

2、质量监测)Many people tried to leave the country, _ there was much violence and a serious shortage of food supply.Awhere Bwhich Cthat Dwhat答案：A考查定语从句。逗号后面的句子为定语从句，修饰先行词the country，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用where。3(2013河南豫西五校高三质检)In spite of all _ has been said, quite a lot of people are still uncertain about the

3、prices of housing in China.Awhat B/ Cwhich Dthat答案：D考查定语从句。先行词为不定代词all，且在定语从句中作主语，所以用that引导定语从句，且不能省略。4(2013四川高考)Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _ they live.Awhat Bwhich Cwhen Dwhere答案：D考查定语从句。句意：现在人们更加关心他们居住的环境。先行词是environment，将先行词代入定语从句后为：They live in the environment.由此可见关

4、系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导定语从句。5(2013吉林长春三校高三调研)Was it through Mary, _ was working at a high school, _ you got to know Tom?Awho; who Bthat; whichCwho; that Dwho; which答案：C考查定语从句及强调句。句意：你是不是通过正在高中工作的玛丽认识汤姆的？第一空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mary，并在从句中作主语，故用who；第二空用that，与Was it through Mary一起构成强调句的一般疑问形式，被强调部分是作方式状语的介词

5、短语through Mary。故C项正确。6(2013甘肃兰州名校高三检测)The result was not the same _ the professor had expected, _ was rather disappointing.Aas; which Bwhich; asCas; that Dthat; which答案：A考查定语从句。第一空，the same as为固定结构，意思为“与一样”；“_was rather disappointing”为非限制性定语从句，关系代词指代前面整个句子的内容，故第二空应选which。7(2013山东潍坊高三联考)The scientist

6、 won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, _ made him famous all over the world.Athis Bthat Cwhat Dwhich答案：D考查定语从句。句意：那个科学家获得了诺贝尔化学奖，这使他闻名于世界。此处用which引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号前面整句话的内容。8(2013辽宁六校高三联考)Have you ever seen any trees _ leaves were black because of the polluted air?Awhose Bthat Cwhich Dwho答案：A考查定语从句。句意：你见过由

7、于空气污染而叶子变黑的树吗？空处引导定语从句修饰先行词trees，并在从句中作leaves的定语，故用whose。9(2013郑州高中毕业班第一次质量预测)Recently I have bought an iPad 3 on the website of taobao. com, _ the price is very reasonable.Aon which Bin whichCof which Dfrom which答案：C考查定语从句。句意：我最近在淘宝网上买了一台iPad 3，它的价格非常合理。of表示所属关系，意为“的”。of which the pricethe price of

8、 whichwhose price。10(2013哈尔滨四校高三统一检测)The old man often looked back on the past days _ he worked hard to make a living.Awhich Bwhen Cwhere Dthat答案：B考查定语从句。句意：这个老人经常回顾他过去辛苦谋生的日子。分析句子成分可知，先行词为the past days，空处在定语从句中充当时间状语，故用when引导。11(2013吉林长春高中毕业班第一次调研)Many athletes are clear that the Olympic Games are

9、the only time _ they will be watched by thousands of millions.Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dwhen答案：D考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，“_they will be watched by thousands of millions”为定语从句，先行词为time，空处在从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when。12(2013乌鲁木齐高三第一次诊断性测验)That scientist _ work is successful has been made a model worker.Awhich Bwho Cthat D

10、whose答案：D考查定语从句。句意：那个工作很成功的科学家已经当选为劳动模范。句中的先行词为That scientist，且空处在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词work，所以用whose引导。13(2013哈尔滨四校高三统一检测)Williams shows some challenging means _ diners at their mystery lunch on Sunday might eat the special dish.Aafter which Bin whichCby which Dfor which答案：C考查定语从句。句意：Williams展示了一些富有挑战性的方法，在

11、星期日的神秘午餐上用餐者或许会用这些方法吃那道特殊的菜。与means搭配的介词是by，故选C项。14(2013郑州高中毕业班第一次质量预测)The Voice of China has set up a big stage for young people with a talent for music, _ some of them have stood out among others.Awhich Bwhen Cwho Dwhere答案：D考查定语从句。句意：中国好声音为有音乐才能的年轻人提供了一个大舞台，在这个舞台上一些人脱颖而出。逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故

12、选D项。15(2013四川成都高中毕业班第一次诊断)My mother and her old friends talked of some things and people _ they remembered in the school.Awhom Bwhich Cwho Dthat答案：D考查定语从句。句意：我妈妈和她的老朋友们谈到了一些她们记得的在学校时的人和事。当先行词既有指人的名词又有指物的名词时，定语从句应用that引导。.阅读理解A(2013山东潍坊联考)“When your mother scolds you, you can look elsewhere and think

13、 about other things. Just ignore her words. But remember: such a tough attitude cannot be used often.”These words are from a series of cartoons which outline skills for children to fight against their mothers. The images have created heated debate among Chinese netizens.Regarded as “a book for child

14、ren aged 6 to 12 who are always scolded by their parents”， the cartoons, drawn by two 10yearold Beijing girls, list over 20 skills which children can use to deal with their mothers anger such as crying, pretending to be ashamed, fleeing into the toilet and pleasing her afterwards.Each skill is descr

15、ibed with vivid pictures and humorous notes. The creativity of the young girls has amazed netizens, the Yangtse Evening Post reported on Thursday.According to one of the girls mothers, her daughter once received a poor mark in an exam, and the mother blamed her and compared her performance with anot

16、her classmate. The daughters feelings led to her creating the cartoons.The girls father, who first posted the pictures on his Sohu Microblog on Monday, said he hopes parents pay close attention to the pictures, allow children to feel free to develop their own characteristics and try not to criticize

17、 them so often.The father said the cartoons arent finished yet; his daughter will continue with them when she has time.“The cartoons, although an individual case, reflect a modern phenomenon and some of the problems within Chinese family education，” said Yu Qinfang, an expert on family education.Acc

18、ording to a survey of 104 children and their parents, Yu discovered that as many as 51.9 percent of primary school students hate being urged to do things by their mothers.“Not giving children enough time and hurrying them to do things seems to be a very tiny detail within family life, but it is pote

19、ntially a huge problem which can easily be ignored by parents. A mothers blame may lead to negative feelings within her childs heart，” Yu said. “Parents should learn to blame less and be more patient.”两个十岁的小女孩所创作的如何对付妈妈惩罚的图片在网络上流行，这引起了中国网民激烈的讨论。1What amazed Chinese netizens according to the text?ATh

20、e girls poor marks.BThe girls skills against their mothers.CThe girls creativity.DThe girls tough attitude to their mothers.答案：C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The creativity of the young girls has amazed netizens”可知，是这两个小女孩的创造力让网民吃惊。故答案为C项。2What do we know about the book?AIt tells us how to control mothers feelings.

21、BIt includes a number of vivid pictures and humorous notes.CIt is intended for primary school teachers.DIt is finished by children aged 6 to 12.答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Each skill is described with vivid pictures and humorous notes.”可知，这本书配有生动的图片和诙谐的注释。故答案为B项。3By posting the cartoons on his microblog, the

22、father wanted to _.Ashow off his daughters clevernessBblame his daughter for drawing these cartoonsCencourage his daughter to make greater progressDget other parents to draw a lesson from the cartoons答案：D推理判断题。根据第六段中的“he hopes parents pay close attention to the pictures，allow children to feel free t

23、o develop their own characteristics and try not to criticize them so often”可推知，女孩的父亲把这些图片放在微博上的目的是让别的父母从这些图片中吸取教训。故答案为D项。4According to a survey, Yu Qinfang found that primary school pupils _.Adislike being forced to do thingsBlike drawing cartoons in classCseldom do well in examsDenjoy being compare

24、d with others答案：A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“that as many as 51.9 percent of primary school students hate being urged to do things by their mothers”可知，很多小学生不喜欢被强迫做事情。故答案为A项。5We can conclude from the text that _.Aparents often ignore their childrens hobbiesBparents often speak highly of their childrenChow to dev

25、elop childrens gifts puzzles parentsDhow to blame children needs parents wisdom答案：D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Parents should learn to blame less and be more patient.”可推知，怎样去惩罚孩子需要父母的智慧。故选D项。疑难词汇解读1phenomenon n现象There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the “greenhouse effect”有种自然现象，科学家称之为“温室效应”。2potent

26、ially adv.有潜力的potential adj.潜在的n潜能potential resources潜在的资源I think the boy has potential in painting.我认为这男孩有绘画潜质。BWhats going to happen in the future? Will robots take over our planet? Will computers become smarter than us? Not likely. But here are some things that scientists say are most likely to h

27、appen 10 to 30 years later from now, according to the BBC.1Digital moneyWe used to pay with cash for everything we bought. Now when we swipe(刷) our bus pass or use a credit card to shop online, money is spent without us even seeing it. In fact, we are already using one type of digital money.You have

28、 to admit that using a card is much easier than searching your pockets for change. It is also safer than carrying a lot of cash.When ATM cards were first introduced, they were not accepted everywhere. But now its hard to live without them. People in Sweden completely stopped using cash last year, ac

29、cording to the Associated Press, and the US might be next.2Bionic(能力超人的)eyeIts no longer something only in a scifi movie. People who are blind may have a chance to get their sight backby wearing bionic eyes.A blind eye can no longer sense light, but a bionic eye can use a camera to “see” the environ

30、ment and send data directly to the brain.Although the bionic eye thats out now only allows patients to see lights and unclear shapes, a highresolution(高清晰度的) version could be just a few years away.3Selfdriving carsEverything is going automatic these dayswashing machines, ticket selling machines and

31、even cars. Unlike a human driver, a selfdriving car wont get distracted by a phone call, the radio or something outside the window. Sensors and cameras on the car would allow it to stick strictly to the rules of the road and keep a safe distance from other cars. This would greatly reduce the number

32、of road accidents. You could even take a nap while the car drives itself.Many vehicle companies are now planning selfdriving cars. “By 2040, driverless vehicles will be widely accepted and possibly be the dominant vehicles on the road，” said Jeffrey Miller, professor at the University of Alaska Anch

33、orage, US, in Wired magazine.本文是一篇说明文，文章就10到30年之后科学家预测可能会出现的高科技产品进行了介绍。6The underlined word “distracted” in the article is closest in meaning to “_”Adirected BdiscouragedCattacked Ddisturbed答案：D词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，自动驾驶汽车不会像人一样受到电话、无线电广播和窗外事物的干扰，因此可以得出distracted在这里是“注意力分散的，思想不集中的”的意思，故选D项。7Jeffrey Mille

34、rs attitude towards selfdriving cars is _.Aoptimistic BpessimisticCdoubtful Dcautious答案：A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Jeffrey Miller的话可以得出他对selfdriving cars的前景非常看好，故选A项。8Which section is the article most likely to be found in the newspaper?ALearning Kit BCampus TrendsCEntertainment DTechnology答案：D推理判断题。本篇文章介绍了未来可能会出现的三项高科技产品，属于科技方面的文章，故选D项。疑难词汇解读1automatic adj.自动的，无意识的Maybe there will even be automatic kitchens to cook instant meals for us.甚至还会有自动厨房来给我们烹煮快餐。2dominant adj.最主要的，最突出的the dominant flavour in a dish.一份菜肴的主要香味8