2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit5FirstAidPeriod4课时素养检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第二册.doc

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1、Unit 5 First Aid课时素养检测二十Unit 5Period 4. 阅读理解This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12. 35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2, 000 homes have been destroyed. According to the BBC, this is the most casualties(伤亡) from wildfires in the country since

2、2009. The University of Sydney estimates that 480 million animals have died in South Wales alone. Zeke Hausfather, an energy system analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia more susceptible to fires and increased the length of

3、 the fire season. “The drier conditions combined with record high temperatures in 2019 created main conditions for the disastrous fires. Australias fires were worsened by the combination of those two. 2019 was the perfect storm for being the warmest year on record for Australia and the driest year o

4、n record for Australia, ” Hausfather added on Friday. Kevin Trenberth, a senior scientist at the US National Center for Atmospheric Research, said warmer ocean temperatures are also contributed to more variable weather around the world. Trenberth believes that global warming contributed to energy im

5、balances and hot spots in the oceans, which can create a wave in the atmosphere that locks weather patterns in places, causing longer rain events in Indonesia, for example, and at the same time contributing to drought in Australia. He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two mon

6、ths or more, it increases the risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer. Climate experts stress that climate change is not the only factor in the severity of wildfires. How land is managed can also impact the amount of fuel

7、 available for fires. Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning systems and the type of development in a given area. Changing those policies has great potential to limit future damage from wildfires along with changes to how fire ma

8、nagement resources are dispatched(派遣). 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了澳大利亚森林大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。1. What do the numbers in Paragraph 1 show? A. The causes of Australian fires. B. The results of Australian fires. C. The damaged areas of Australian fires. D. The property destruction of Australian fires. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第一

9、段中This season, the bushfires in Australia have burned more than 12. 35 million acres of land. At least 25 people have been killed and 2, 000 homes have been destroyed. 这个季节, 澳大利亚的丛林大火已经烧毁了超过1 235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡, 2 000所房屋被毁。可知, 本段的数字表明森林大火产生的严重后果。2. Which of the following best explains “more susceptib

10、le to” underlined in the second paragraph? A. Quick to adapt to. B. Sure to cause. C. Sensitive to. D. Easy to be protected from. 【解析】选C。短语猜测题。由第二段中Zeke Hausfather, an energy system analyst and climate researcher at Berkeley Earth, said warmer temperatures and extreme weather have made Australia mor

11、e susceptible to fires and increased the length of the fire season. (能源系统分析师和气候研究员Zeke Hausfather说, 气温升高和极端天气使澳大利亚更容易发生火灾, 并延长了火灾季节的长度。)可推测气温升高和极端天气使澳大利亚更容易发生火灾, more susceptible to 意为“更容易受到”, 与C项Sensitive to “对敏感”意思相近。3 . What can we infer from Trenberths research? A. Global warming is the root cau

12、se of the bushfires. B. Longer dry weather contributes to global warming. C. Warmer ocean temperatures promote fires spreading. D. The imbalanced energy leads to the temperature rising. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。由第三段的He said that once an area experiences drought conditions for two months or more, it increases th

13、e risk of fires catching and spreading. Those changing weather patterns due to global warming make drought events longer. (他说, 一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干旱, 它就会增加火灾及火灾蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长。)可推断, 全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。4. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To stress the effects o

14、f Australian fires. B. To show the methods for controlling burns. C. To predict the seriousness of Australian fires. D. To provide some advice about reducing damage. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。由第四段中Practices like controlled burns and other factors can impact the risk to people and property, such as warning system

15、s and the type of development in a given area. (控制性烧林等做法和其他因素可影响对人员和财产的风险, 如预警系统和特定地区的开发类型。)可知, 作者在最后一段介绍控制火灾造成的伤害的方法。. 阅读填句One of my earliest memories was watching my mom talking on our old phone. I was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasnt actually in the room with her. 1I was wonder

16、ing how she managed to talk with someone she couldnt see. 2Later, we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room. Then came computers and smart phones. These days I can send an e-mail around the world in a second. My daughters smart phone has a hundred apps and a dozen social media accou

17、nts. She stores all of her information in a mysterious place known as “the cloud”, where she can take it out at any time. It seems that we are more connected in this world than ever before. 3Few take time to talk face to face. Instead of looking into eyes of our beloved ones, we stare at our screens

18、. It seems as if the most connected generation is also the loneliest. Dont let technology take our time and ruin our life. Make the time to meet and to communicate with each other. Take a walk on the beach with a friend. Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on. 4Remember that

19、we are here to love each other, help each other and make this world a better place. 5But when it cant, turn it off. A. That was a long time ago. B. Connect offline as well as online. C. We should communicate with each other with phones off. D. Smart phones have both advantages and disadvantages. E.

20、When your technology can help to do these things, then use it. F. However, what bothers me is that we rarely associate with each other nowadays. G. When she left the room, I slowly walked over to the phone and stared at it for a while. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。在这篇文章中作者描述了通信工具的变化, 指出人们现在很少见面交流, 并建议人们合理利用科技, 创造

21、更美好的生活。1. 【解析】选G。根据上文中的“I was fascinated that she could talk to someone who wasnt actually in the room with her”可知, “我”对于她能和一个不在房间里的人聊天这件事很着迷。G项“当她离开房间的时候, 我慢慢地走到电话边盯着电话看了一会儿”承接上文, 引出下文。2. 【解析】选A。根据下文中的“Later, we had mobile phones that could be carried around the room. Then came computers and smart

22、phones”可知, 后来, 我们有了移动手机, 然后电脑和智能电话出现了, 因此推断老式电话的使用已经是很久以前的事情了。3. 【解析】选F。根据下文中的“Few take time to talk face to face. Instead of looking into eyes of our beloved ones, we stare at our screens. It seems as if the most connected generation is also the loneliest可知, 很少有人面对面交谈, 我们只是盯着屏幕, 似乎联系最多的一代也是最孤独的一代,

23、因此F项“然而, 让我烦恼的是, 如今我们很少彼此联系”引出下文, 符合语境。4. 【解析】选B。根据上文Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on. 可知, 要放下手机与朋友交流, 也就是说要经常面对面地交流, 就像在线交流一样。5. 【解析】选E。根据上文中的“Remember that we are here to love each other, help each other and make this world a better place”和下文“But when it cant, turn it

24、 off”可知, 记住我们要彼此相爱, 相互帮助, 让世界成为更美好的地方。当科技可以帮助做这些事情的时候, 就使用它, 当它不能的时候, 就不用它。E项与下文在结构和意义上相对应。【点睛】 阅读填句解题方法一、总体方法先确定出题的位置; 读题干, 再读需要填入句子的上下句, 画出关键词; 读文章各段落, 确定段落中心句和文章主题句; 通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。二、根据出题位置的不同, 说说各自不同的解题方法。1、出题位置设在段首(1)查找同义词或其他相关的词, 推断出主题句。(2)锁定关键词, 然后在并列、转折、因果等选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句

25、在意思上是紧密衔接的。2、出题位置在段落中比较上下文的关键词来锁定答案阅读各个空的前后句, 标记关键词, 阅读五个空白的前后句, 并将前后句中的解题线索, 即关键词标记下来。关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组(如带有形容词的名词词组)、专有名词、时间、数字、代词、连词等; 阅读各个选项, 尤其是选项的首句, 标记关键词; 比较并匹配上述几类关键词, 确定答案; 将确定的答案代入原文, 看读起来是否通顺。3、出题位置在段尾这个时候, 空白前的一句或两句是重点语句, 大家要重点阅读以锁定关键词。(1) 要注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的关键词, 如: therefore, as a res

26、ult, thus, hence, in short, in a word等, 另外大家也要知道, 选项中也可以发现前文的同义词语。(2)如果与前文是转折或对比关系。大家就要注意在选项中寻找表示转折对比的关联词, 同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立对比关系。(3)如果所选答案是引出下一段的内容, 在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联, 此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句, 看看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。如小题4, 可根据上文Have a long conversation with the phones off and the hearts on

27、. 可知, 要放下手机与朋友交流, 也就是说要经常面对面地交流, 就像在线交流一样。故选B。. 完形填空On Saturday, Juliet and Darcy, 17-year-old friends, were enjoying sunshine at Furness Park when they noticed a man fall down on the sidewalk. They hurried to1 the man. Darcy felt2 he was going to die in front of them. She took a closer look. Then s

28、he observed his chest not going up and down, which meant he wasnt 3. The girls knew they needed to4 help. While Darcy stayed with the 5 man, Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells, but no one 6. “I am really afraid he is going to die without help, ” Darcy said 7. Juliet continued to

29、run for help. She finally found some men fixing a car and told them the8. But they didnt believe what the girl said at first. They asked, “Is what you said a joke? ” And she answered, “No, call 911 right now. ”The repairmen got it and then9 CPR (心肺复苏术) on the unconscious man until doctors arrived an

30、d used a defibrillator (电击器) to restart his 10. Doctors said the man was in critical condition and should be 11 to hospital. A doctor said, “To their12, the two girls take fast action which is called a chain of survival which can save the 13 of a patient in a dangerous situation. ” But doctors didnt

31、 get the girls names at that time, so they launched a(n) 14 to the public to find them. Finally, the two girls were found and praised for helping save a mans life on the weekend. “We were brave, ” Darcy said. “We got a bit scared in the beginning, but later we realized 15 wont help the man. ”【语篇概述】本

32、文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了两个女孩朱丽叶和达茜在公园散步时看到一位男士突然摔倒在人行道上不省人事, 她俩一个守着病人, 一个四处找人帮忙, 最后这个男士及时得救, 医生说她俩的快速行动在救人方面起到了关键作用。1. A. recognizeB. applaudC. aidD. seize【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。recognize认出; applaud称赞; aid援助、帮助; seize抓住。空前一句说朱丽叶和达茜注意到一个男士摔倒在公园的人行道上, 看到这一幕后, 她们急忙跑过去帮助他。2. A. confusedB. terrifiedC. pleasedD. curious【解析】

33、选B。考查形容词词义辨析。confused困惑的; terrified害怕的; pleased高兴的; curious好奇的。根据下文中的“I am really afraid he is going to die without help, ” Darcy said可知, 达茜害怕这个男士会死在她们面前。3. A. bleedingB. breathingC. starvingD. choking【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。bleeding流血; breathing呼吸; starving挨饿; choking窒息。根据空前的“his chest not going up and dow

34、n”可知, “胸部没有上下起伏”是“没有呼吸”的表现。4. A. forbidB. appreciateC. quitD. seek【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。forbid禁止; appreciate感激; quit放弃; seek寻求。根据下文“Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells”可知, 朱丽叶跑去找人了, 这说明这两个女孩知道她们需要寻求帮助。5. A. unconsciousB. familiarC. absent-mindedD. ragged【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。unconscious无意识的;

35、 familiar熟悉的; absent-minded心不在焉的; ragged衣衫褴褛的。根据上文中的“Then she observed his chest not going up and down, which meant he wasnt _. ”可知这个男士没有了呼吸, 当时应该是处于无意识的状态。6. A. enquiredB. rememberedC. answeredD. succeeded【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。enquired询问; remembered记得; answered回答; succeeded成功。空上文说朱丽叶跑到附近人家按门铃, 转折连词but表明没

36、有人开门(应答)。7. A. anxiouslyB. occasionallyC. eagerlyD. merrily【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。anxiously焦急地; occasionally偶尔; eagerly渴望地; merrily高兴地。根据空前的“I am really afraid he is going to die without help, ”可知, 达茜担心这个男士的安危, 因此她说这句话的时候应该是十分焦急的。8. A. consequenceB. emergencyC. conceptD. mystery【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。consequence后

37、果; emergency紧急情况; concept观念; mystery谜。根据上文的讲述可知朱丽叶是去找人救那个摔倒的男士, 因此找到人后她把当时的紧急情况(那个人摔倒了, 不省人事)告诉了他们。9. A. searched forB. put offC. carried outD. broke down【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。searched for寻找; put off推迟; carried out执行、实施; broke down分解。根据空后的“CPR on the unconscious man”可知, 修车工对这个不省人事的男士进行了心肺复苏。10. A. handsB.

38、 stomachC. feetD. heart【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。hands手; stomach胃; feet脚; heart心脏。上文说修车工对这个不省人事的男士进行了心肺复苏, 由此可知这个男士心脏出了问题, 因此医生赶到后用电击器重新复苏他的心脏。11. A. rushedB. admittedC. persuadedD. guided【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。rushed紧急前往/送往; admitted承认; persuaded说服; guided引导。根据空前的“the man was in critical condition”可知, 这个男士情况危急, 应该立

39、即被送往医院。12. A. disappointmentB. creditC. annoyanceD. horror【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。disappointment失望; credit声望、赞颂; annoyance烦恼; horror惊骇。根据上文的讲述可知, 朱丽叶和达茜发现那个人摔倒后立即找人帮忙, 她们的快速行动在救人方面起到了关键作用, 得到了医生的肯定, “to ones credit”表示“值得赞扬”。13. A. reputationB. prospectC. lifeD. honor【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。reputation名声; prospect预期;

40、 life性命; honor荣誉。根据空后的“of a patient in a dangerous situation”可知, 这种被称为“生存链”的快速行动在危急情况下可以挽救病人的生命。14. A. appealB. commentC. attemptD. apology【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。appeal呼吁; comment评论; attempt企图; apology道歉。根据空后的“to the public to find them”可知, 医生呼吁公众寻找那两个女孩。15. A. prejudiceB. regretC. offenceD. panic 【解析】选D。考

41、查名词词义辨析。prejudice偏见; regret后悔; offence犯罪; panic惊慌。根据空前的“a bit scared”可知, 达茜说一开始她们有点儿害怕, 但后来她们意识到恐慌帮不了那位男士。【点睛】本篇第12空难度较大, 抓住上文讲述的两个女孩发现那不省人事的男士后所采取的行动是关键, 根据上文中的“While Darcy stayed with the _man, Juliet ran to nearby homes and began ringing doorbells”可知, 发现那个人摔得不省人事后, 达茜和朱丽叶一个守着病人, 一个四处找人帮忙, 她俩的快速行动

42、在救人方面起到了关键作用, 因此医生充分肯定了她俩的做法, “to ones credit”表示“值得赞扬”, 即: 医生说: “值得称赞的是, 这两个女孩采取了被称为生存链的快速行动, 在危急情况下这种快速行动可以挽救病人的生命”, 故B项(credit)正确。. 语法填空Despite the sudden jump in imported infections in the past few days, the number of inbound trips 1. _ (be) 120, 000 on average a day since the WHO declared the CO

43、VID-19 outbroke a pandemic(流行病)on March 11, 2. _ is an 80 percent drop year-on-year, according to the National Immigration Administration. A number of Chinese 3. _ (live) abroad are returning to China regardless of the huge economic cost and difficulties involved. The fact 4. _ (reflect) the effecti

44、veness of the prevention and control measures. 5. _ (compare) with foreign countries, the Chinese governments resolute and comprehensive responses have met the 6. _ (expect) of the Chinese people. Therefore, the returnees(海归的)choice should be respected if they fulfill the prevention and control requ

45、irements of both China and their host country. The wrong doings of a few returnees who hid their symptoms at airports 7. _ thus forced their close contacts into quarantine(隔离期), too, should not remind the government 8. _ (close) the door to its own people. But such issues can be resolved by systemic

46、 reform, effective distribution of labor and introduction of advanced technology. Also, the fact that Chinas approach, which has always been aimed at corporate and 9. _ (peace) development and the common good, and has proved effective in the fight 10. _ the pandemic shows it can be used as reference

47、 by other countries. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了国外新型冠状病毒疫情肆虐, 许多生活在国外的中国人不顾巨大的经济成本和困难返回中国。这一事实反映了中国预防和控制措施的有效性。中国抗疫的经验值得其他国家借鉴。1. 【解析】has been。考查动词时态。根据后文since the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbroke a pandemic on March 11可知应用现在完成时, 主语为the number of inbound trips, 助动词应用has。故填has been。2. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词120, 000 on average a day, 且从句中缺少主语, 故用关系代词which。3. 【解析】living。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知live在句中作非谓语动词, 与逻辑主语Chinese构成主动关系, 故用现在分词。4. 【解析】reflects。考查动词时态。本句陈述客观事实, 用一般现在时, 且主语为fact, 谓语动词应用第三人称单数。5. 【解析】Compared。考查非谓语动词。根据短语be compared with表示“与相比较”, 分析句子结构可知com