2021_2022学年新教材高中英语UNIT4SPACEEXPLORATION单元过关检测作业含解析新人教版必修第三册.docx

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1、第四单元过关检测(时间:90分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AImagine jet-setting from Tokyo to Paris,enjoying first-class travel,a four-course dinner and a city tourall without leaving the ground.This is the future of air travel according to Japanese company Fir

2、st Airlines,which has used the power of virtual reality to create dream vacations.Passengers avoid the costly airport transfer,the baggage fees or busy airport terminal(航站楼)and instead enjoy the privileges of business or first-class travel and an expensive tour of Parisall while remaining motionless

3、 in Tokyo.As well as Paris,First Airlines also offers the virtual destinations of New York,Rome and Hawaii.After boarding,guests can settle down for the two-hour flight on their advanced Airbus seat-surrounded by decoration that is modeled on the inside of an aircraft,for maximum realism.There is fl

4、ight service and VR,foods,music for every destination.Passengers will be served a delicious meal by air stewards,alongside drinks and other desserts.The menu depends on the destination of choiceManhattan clam chowder(蛤肉菜汤) and cheesecake for New York and salmon tartar and onion soup for Paris.After

5、landing at the destination,guests can enjoy a 360-degree tour of the destinationall thanks to projection(投影) mapping and video.It makes for a supposedly stress-free vacation,perfect for those whose ability to travel abroad is limited by cost or health.Virtual reality is becoming increasingly present

6、 everywhere at all times in the world of travelallowing travellers to appreciate the wonders of the world,all without leaving their houses.At just 4,980 yen($46) for business class and 5,980 yen($56) for first classthese two-hour flights are far more affordable than their real-life flights.1.What ca

7、n we learn about the future of air travel from Tokyo to Paris?A.It is high-flying.B.It is money-saving.C.It is power-wasting.D.It is time-consuming.答案:B解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Passengersavoidthecostlyairporttransfer,thebaggagefeesorbusyairportterminalandinsteadenjoytheprivilegesofbusinessorfirst-classtrave

8、landanexpensivetourofParisallwhileremainingmotionlessinTokyo.”可知,从东京到巴黎的航空旅行在未来是省钱的。故选B项。2.When can passengers enjoy the beauty of the destination?A.Upon arrival.B.During the flight.C.After boarding the plane.D.On getting off the plane.答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Afterlandingatthedestination,guestscanenjoy

9、a360-degreetourofthedestination.”可知,一到达旅客就能享受目的地的美景。故选A项。3.Who is the flight perfect for?A.People who do little physical exercise.B.People who work under great pressure.C.People who desire to travel a long distance.D.People who have health or money troubles.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Itmakesforasupposedl

10、ystress-freevacation,perfectforthosewhoseabilitytotravelabroadislimitedbycostorhealth.”可知,对于那些有健康或金钱问题的人来说,这个体验是完美的。故选D项。4.What can be the best title for the text?A.A scientific fantasyB.The power of virtual realityC.Japans virtual air travel abroadD.Appreciation of the global wonders答案:C解析:标题归纳题。通读

11、全文,尤其是第一段内容可知,本文主要讲述的是,日本第一航空公司推出了虚拟航空旅行,描述了航空旅行的未来,它利用虚拟现实的力量创造了梦幻般的假期。故选C项。BThereisarockettowerinMississippithatsreadytotestNASAenginespowerfulenoughtopusharockettotheMoonandMars.Theresoneproblem:NASAcanceledtherocketitplannedtousetotakemantotheMoonandMarsyearsago.Despitethat,Congressorderedtheage

12、ncytokeepbuildingthetoweranyway.Theentirecostoftheprogramtotaled$350million.Andthatwasntall.CongressalsoorderedNASAtokeepthetowerinworkingconditionatanadditionalcostof$700,000ayear.“Myviewofthisteststandisthatitisasortofaclassicexampleofthespaceprogramnowbeingmoreaboutjobsandpeoplesdistrictsthanabou

13、ttheveryexcitingpurposeofNASA,”saidLoriGarver,aformerNASAdeputyadministrator.“Weshouldntbedirectedbyjustacoupleofcontractorsandindividualstodoself-servingprogramslikethisone.”ABCNewsmetwithSen.RogerWicker,whoseMississippicongressionaldelegationsavedthetower,toaskWickerwhetherthetowerwasaboutsavingth

14、elargestemployerinthecountytheJohnC.StennisSpaceCenterortoadvancespacetravel.WickertoldABCNewsthathehopedthetowerprovedtobewellspent.“Thecountrywillbenefitfromit,”Wickersaid.“ItisaninvestmentandIdobelieveadecadeorsofromnowwelllookbackonitandsay,Itiswellspentbecausetheprogramhasbeenrevived.Thatistheh

15、ope.”Theprogramhasnotyetbeenrevivedandthegovernmenthasnoplanstotesttherockets.5.WhatsthepurposeofbuildingarockettowerinMississippi?A.Torealisethedreamofcarryingmantotravelinspace.B.TotestiftheenginescanpushrocketstotheMoonandMars.C.TolaunchrocketstocollectinformationfromtheMoonandMars.D.Tosenduprock

16、etstotheMoonandMarstocarryoutspaceexperiments.答案:B解析:推理判断题。根据第一段可知在密西西比州建火箭塔是为了测试美国国家航空航天局的引擎是否足以把火箭发送到月球和火星上去。故选B项。6.What is Lori Garvers attitude towards the rocket tower?A.Cautious.B.Supportive.C.Indifferent.D.Opposed.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Weshouldntbedirectedbyjustacoupleofcontractorsandindividua

17、lstodoself-servingprogramslikethisone.”可知,LoriGarver是持反对态度的。故选D项。7.The underlined word “revived” can be replaced by .A.reused B.reformedC.rejectedD.recognised答案:A解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“NASAcanceledtherocket.”可知,美国国家航空航天局取消了火箭发射项目,再结合倒数第二段中的“welllookbackonitandsay.thehope”可知,该画线词的意思应为“恢复,重新使用”。故选A项。CIf you

18、 are ever planning to buy a telescope and want to get yourself involved in astronomy it is always a good idea to know a bit of the sky.Get acquainted with a few constellations(星座) so that it will be easier for you to spot the constellations when you are using your telescope.Its a good idea to buy a

19、few magazines on astronomy to help you to get familiar with the constellations in the sky and also read a few reviews on the different types of telescopes in the market.This will help you gather all the information that is out there regarding telescopes and what people have to say about them.Its adv

20、isable to go in for a pair of binoculars(双筒望远镜) before you buy your first telescope so that you can get used to spotting constellations before your view of the sky is narrowed down.This will also help you know if you really want to get involved in astronomy.Many people buy a costly telescope and the

21、n discover that theyre not actually interested in astronomy.Experience has no substitute,and there certainly is nothing better than using different telescopes before you buy one.This will help you to get the feel of all the types of telescopes and you will know which one is easier for you to use.A l

22、arge aperture(光圈) refractor(折射) may give you an excellent image but you may not be able to keep a steady hand while using it resulting in an unclear image.There are three types of telescopes that are available in the market.If you want a more elegant looking telescope you can always choose to buy a

23、fine brass telescope.Its good to become acquainted with each type before going for the plunge of a first telescope.The first type of telescope is the refractor telescope,which uses lenses(镜片) to gather light to a focus at the eye piece.The use of lenses helps the telescope have a superior image.A re

24、fracting telescope is not as portable as the other two types of telescopes and so you will have to buy one with a small aperture.The second type of telescope is the Reflector.Made by Sir Isaac Newton,this telescope functions by focusing the light back at the front of the tube,which is where the eyep

25、iece sits,by using parabolic(抛物线的) mirrors and another smaller mirror to deflect the light.There is no added color in the image caused by refraction of light since this telescope does not use lenses.These are the cheapest of all telescopes and are more portable than refractors.8.According to the tex

26、t,a telescope is intended to be bought for .A.getting experienceB.watching starsC.studying the climateD.learning about a bit of the sky答案:B解析:推理判断题。在第一段中作者建议买望远镜之前多了解一些天文知识,特别是星座方面的知识,这就说明望远镜的用途是用来观察星星。9.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.One must know something about astronomy and telescopes.B.On

27、e cant buy a telescope without buying several astronomy magazines.C.One should check the telescopes in the market and try to find a better one.D.One must be familiar with new information of astronomy and space instruments.答案:A解析:段落大意题。作者建议在购买望远镜前多了解一些天文知识,并且了解人们对市场上各种望远镜的评价,从而对产品有所了解。10.Why does the

28、 author advise buying a pair of binoculars first?A.The telescope is too expensive.B.The binoculars are easier to use.C.You may gain plenty of experience in astronomy.D.Your view will be narrow by using a pair of binoculars.答案:C解析:细节理解题。在第三段,作者建议先使用双筒望远镜以获取经验并且确定对观测天文现象是否真的感兴趣。11.What do we know abou

29、t the refracting telescope?A.It looks very elegant.B.It refracts light by an eye piece.C.It has clear images without any lenses.D.It is not convenient to take along for its size.答案:D解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Arefractingtelescopeisnotasportableastheothertwotypes.”可知,折射望远镜不如其他两种方便携带。D“XICHANGEngineers are deve

30、loping a new carrier rocket to launch Chinas next-generation manned spacecraft into low-Earth orbits or as far as the moon,”said China Aerospace Science and Technology Corp,a major space contractor.Hu Xiaojun,a rocket researcher at the companys China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,said on the

31、sidelines of the ongoing 12th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition in Zhuhai,Guangdong province,that the new rocket,which has yet to be named,is intended for Chinas future manned space flights,which will be carried out by a new-generation spacecraft,and manned lunar explorations tha

32、t Chinese scientists have been planning for a long time.For the long term,the new rocket will also be used in conjunction with(结合) the Long March 9a rocket that is under development and that will be Chinas most powerful carrier rocketto transport construction materials to the moon for a permanent ba

33、se there,he said.Officials and space scientists have said several times in the past three years that the nation has a plan to place Chinese astronauts on the moon and even establish scientific facilities there.The China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology said the new rocket will be 90 meters tall,

34、with a diameter of 5 meters,which means it will be almost twice as tall as the Long March 5,currently the biggest of Chinas rockets.Its maximum lif-toff weight will be nearly 2,000 metric tons,twice as heavy as the Long March 5.The big craft will be capable of placing a 25-ton spacecraft in a lunar

35、transfer trajectory(轨道) or a 70-ton spacecraft into a low-Earth orbit.Feasibility(可行性) research on the new rocket started in 2016.Engineers have conducted several major tests on new kinds of engines to be used for the rocket.Designers are focusing on key technologies,the academy said.The China Acade

36、my of Space Technology said its researchers are developing Chinas second-generation spacecraft,and it will have a new aerodynamic(空气动力) design that will be more streamlined(流线型的) than the Shenzhou series,the nations first-generation manned spacecraft.The new spacecraft will be 9 meters long and weig

37、h 23 tons.It will consist of two sections:a re-entry module(返回舱) that will host astronauts and control the entire craft during a spaceflight and a service module with power and propulsion systems,according to the space technology academy.By comparison,a Shenzhou spacecraft has three sections:re-entr

38、y,orbital and propulsion modules.The new spacecraft will be reusable and will serve lunar missions and deep-space expeditions,it added.12.How tall is the biggest of Chinas rockets at present?A.About 25 meters.B.About 45 meters.C.About 70 meters.D.About 90 meters.答案:B解析:计算题。根据第四段中的“TheChinaAcademyofL

39、aunchVehicleTechnologysaidthenewrocketwillbe90meterstall,withadiameterof5meters,whichmeansitwillbealmosttwiceastallastheLongMarch5,currentlythebiggestofChinasrockets.”可知答案为B项。13.What does Hu Xiaojun mainly want to express in Para.2?A.The way of making the new rocket.B.The features of the new rocket.

40、C.The purpose of making the new rocket.D.Chinas future manned space flights.答案:C解析:段落大意题。根据第二段中的“.thatthenewrocket,whichhasyettobenamed,isintendedforChinasfuturemannedspaceflights,whichwillbecarriedoutbyanew-generationspacecraft,andmannedlunarexplorationsthatChinesescientistshavebeenplanningforalong

41、time.”可知答案为C项。14.What is the possible meaning of the underlined word “propulsion” in the last paragraph?A.The force that drives a vehicle forward.B.The amount of something that is available to be used.C.The scientific test done in order to discover what happens to something.D.The repairs,painting et

42、c that are necessary to keep something in good condition.答案:A解析:词义猜测题。根据最后一段该词前的power和该词前的aservicemodule可知该词是“推动力”的意思。15.Which of the following can be the best title for the news report?A.New carrier rocket under developmentB.Chinese astronauts are to be on the moonC.China develops second-generation

43、 spacecraftD.New rocket used in conjunction with Long March答案:A解析:标题猜测题。根据全文尤其是开头“EngineersaredevelopinganewcarrierrockettolaunchChinasnext-generationmannedspacecraftintolow-Earthorbitsorasfarasthemoon”可知为A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howtostayfocusedinclass16 No m

44、atter how much you want to sit with your friends during the class,try your best to avoid them.Talking with friends is not going to help you stay focused(集中注意力的) in class and will cause trouble,too.Lookattheteacher.Your teacher is not just standing up there talkingtheyre trying to give you an accepta

45、ble education.Show the teacher that he or she has your full attention,by looking him or her in the eye.17Takenotes.By taking notes,youll be able to “get into” the lesson.18 Listen for key phrases such as,“This is important,”“This is the main idea,”etc.This can help you listen more intently(专心地);youl

46、l have something to do and focus on.Getinvolved(参与) inclassdiscussions.This is a wonderful way to become a more focused,successful student.When a teacher asks a question,offer to answer it.19 This shows the teacher that youre listening intently during the class.Askaquestion.20 This really shows your

47、 teacher that you want to be better,and can recognise the things youre having difficulty with.Chances are,someone else in the class has the same question(and is too afraid to ask!).Theyll be relaxedand so will you.A.Do your best.B.Avoid sitting with friends.C.Dont try to finish your old notes in cla

48、ss.D.Write down key points as your teacher speaks.E.If he or she asks for an opinion,share your own.F.If you dont understand something,never be afraid to ask.G.This person should have your full attention at all time in class.答案:1620 BGDEF第二部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DoubleTroubleWhen I was eight,I wanted a toy and needed $10 to buy it.But,as usual,I was broke.I decided to ask my 11-year-old sister,Kathleen,for a l