2021_2021学年高二英语寒假提升天天练之阅读理解Day14七选五阅读含解析.doc

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1、Day 14七选五阅读ASleep to Lose WeightA recent study found that people who sleep less tend to be fat. Experts said its time to find out if more sleep can fight obesity.Nowadays, the most popular method to keep fit is doing more exercise and eating less. Some people even take weight-loss drugs to keep slim

2、, which is unhealthy and harmful to your body. _1_As a result, weve failed to recognize the value of good sleep, said a physician.Men sleep an average of 27 minutes less than women, and overweight and fat patients sleep less than patients with normal weights. In general, fat people just sleep about

3、1.8 hours less a week than those with normal weights._2_Only an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night contributes to a lower BODY MASS INDEX （身体质量指数）.We caution that this study does not establish a cause-and-effect relationship between limited sleep and fatness._3_Therefore, lets stay thin by sleeping

4、 more!Here are some other advantages of sleeping more. Youll learn better.This isnt just for children. Adults who get enough sleep also do better on tests of short-term memory._4_After getting enough sleep, you will find yourself feeling happy and delighted. Lower stress._5_With that people can bett

5、er control their blood pressure.A. Better mood.B. You will be energized.C. Sleep can definitely reduce levels of stress.D. Weve put so much emphasis on diet and exercise.E. The study is intended to offer a healthy way to help people sleep longer.F. The experts suggest that too much extension of slee

6、p time not be necessary.G. However, investigations of successful weight loss by sleeping more help prove such a connection.BLao-tzu and Confucius were Chinas most famous philosophers. _1_ “Those who know do not say; those who say do not know.” said Lao-tzu. Confucius said that the best people say th

7、e least, but do the most._2_ It comes from the story that he was born with white hair, already old and wise. ? Very little is known about Lao-tzu s life. His writings are titled the “Tao Te Ching”.According to Taoism, the entire universe flows with a mysterious force called the Tao, which means “The

8、 Way”. _3_ When people forget this, opinions of good and evil or true and false happen. Taoists try to remember their oneness. However, this is easier said than done, Lao-tzu said. Over time, Taoism changed a bit. ? Taoism became more popular in AD 440 when it became Chinas state religion. Many peop

9、le practice Taoism today.Born in 551 BC, Confucius wandered throughout China as a government employee and a political adviser to the ruling Chou family. _4_ After Corfucius died in 479 BC, his students wrote down his teachings and called them Lun-yu, or the Analects. Many of his clever sayings are s

10、till followed today. “It is as hard to be poor without complaining as to be rich without becoming arrogant (傲慢的).” Confucianism says it is important to learn to be human. People should act with goodness towards each other to create order and unity. Confucianism guided thinking in China until about a

11、 hundred years ago.Taoism and Confucianism have differences and similarities. Confucianism tells people how to act toward each other. Taoism tells people how to find meaning in life. They both share ideas about man, society, and the universe. Both Taoism and Confucianism have served as guides. _5_A.

12、 Good thinking lasts a long time!B. Their sayings are still used today.C. Lao-tzu may not even have existed.D. He was also a musician, thinker, and teacher.E. The name Lao-tzu means “Old Master” or “Old Boy”.F. They have led China through the peaks and valleys of its long history.G. Taoists believe

13、that everything might seem separate, but is actually one.CHomework is made up of outofclass activities and athome activities teachers assign to students It can include practice assignments that emphasize newly acquired skills_1_ Projects that have to be worked on in agreement with schoolwork also fo

14、rm a part of homework_2_ For example，to complete their homework in time，children start dividing their time into studying and playing，thus learning to complete their scheduled tasks within the time they haveThey learn to do things on their ownThey manage their time and complete their work independent

15、lyHomework can also help build up childrens confidence _3_Teachers positive remarks can help develop students confidence and encourage them to keep up with their good workIn addition，homework gives students a chance to learn from their mistakes and overcome their weaknessIt provides them with a plat

16、form to express what they know or have newly found，and exhibit their talents_4_This helps them improve their academic resultsHowever，to be as beneficial to students as possible homework should be assigned properlyThe amount and difficulty level of homework assignments should match the ages and abili

17、ties of students_5_Homework proves to be beneficial only if it does not put students under stress or pressureA Otherwise，it will become a punishmentB Homework can benefit students in many waysC Teachers give comments on the work that students doD It also gives students the practice of whatever they

18、learn in schoolE Completing homework requires planning， organizing and acting upon itF Students can gain a sense of accomplishment after completing homeworkG It can be preparation assignments to make students ready for class activitiesDThe Four People You Dont Want to Sit Next to on a PlaneLet me be

19、gin by promising you that I am not an angry person. I would actually vow that I am inherently happy and all-around quite friendly and nice. But one thing that really grinds my gears, is being seated next to a nightmare neighbor on an airplane._1_Perhaps you normally like them, but when you are sitti

20、ng next to them on a plane its a different thing. They usually spend all the flight moving around and dropping their toys on the floor, and when theyre drinking their orange juice it ends up on your trousers. _2_. So you cant have the little sleep that you were planning.Conversation makersYou recogn

21、ize this type as soon as you sit down. They immediately start talking about the plane, or the weather, or they ask you a personal question. Its very difficult not to talk to these people. _3_.Nervous fliersThese are the people with white faces who sit down and immediately ask for something to drink.

22、 Every five minutes they call a flight attendant to ask if there are any problems with the plane. _4_. The best thing to do is to pretend to sleep.Space invaders_5_. But they have a terrible habit of taking up all their room, and some of your room too. They usually sit so that you cant move, with th

23、eir arms and legs in your space.A Naughty kidsB. Well-behaved parentsC. They also tell you about air crashD. Some people want to talk all the timeE The people are not necessarily very largeF. Then they decide they want to have fun with youG. Youll probably have to keep talking until the plane lands答

24、案A【答案解析】 1. D 2. F 3 G 4. A 5. C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，专家通过对比肥胖人群和健康人群的睡眠时间得出适当延长睡眠有助于减肥的结论，同时还有睡眠的其他好处。【1题详解】由本段第一句“现在，最流行的保持健康的方法是多锻炼和少吃。”和空后那句“因此，我们没有认识到良好睡眠的价值”可知，承接上下文，D选项“我们太强调饮食和锻炼。”切题。该选项中的diet and exercise对应上文中的exercise and eating less，正是因为太强调运动饮食才会忽视睡眠的重要性。故选D项。【2题详解】由上一句“一般来说，肥胖的人每周只比正常体重的人少睡1

25、.8小时。”和空后那句“每晚只多睡20分钟有助于降低体重指数。”可知，承接上下文，F选项“专家建议不必过多延长睡眠时间。”切题。该选项中的too much extension of sleep time not be necessary对应下文中的Only an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night。故选F项。【3题详解】由上一句“我们谨慎说，这项研究并没有在有限睡眠和肥胖之间建立因果关系。”和空后那句“因此，让我们多睡一会儿，保持苗条！”可知，承接上下文，G选项“然而，通过睡眠成功减肥的调查有助于证明这种联系。”切题。该选项中的such a connecti

26、on对应上文中的a cause-and-effect relationship between limited sleep and fatness，也对应后文“通过多睡保持苗条”。故选G项。【4题详解】由下一句“睡眠充足后，你会发现自己感到快乐。”可知，承接下文，A选项“好心情。”切题。该选项中Better mood对应下文中的feeling happy and delighted。故选A项。【5题详解】由上一句“减少压力。”可知，承接上文，C选项“睡眠绝对可以减轻压力。”切题。该选项中reduce levels of stress对应上文中的Lower stress。故选C项。【点睛】第一、

27、通读全文，了解文章大意。这是一个泛读的过程，目的是了解文章大意，为以后的理解作铺垫。第二、明确关联关系。任何句子都是要么和上文有联系，要么和下文有联系，要么和上下文都有联系。例如第1、2、3小题都与它们的前一句有联系。第三、带入通读，复查。做完题目切忌直接离开，这时我们很有必要将自己修正好的文章通读一遍，将其看做一片行文通顺语意连贯的文章来读，这是如果感到有含义不连贯的地方，很有可能是我们填错了空，就要复查了，注意：七选五的特点在于，错一道，往往还会错另外的一道或几道，我们叫做“连错”，所以当你发现自己有一处填的有问题时，一定要同时检查其它空。B【答案解析】 1. B 2. E 3. G 4.

28、 D 5. F【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国历史上最著名的哲学家老子和孔子以及他们的思想。【1题详解】空前说老子和孔子是中国最著名的哲学家，空后又提到了老子和孔子所说的一句格言，故B项（他们的格言至今仍在使用）符合语境。【2题详解】根据空后的“It comes from the story that he was born with white hair, already old and wise.”及“Lao-tzu s life“可知，此处介绍的是老子的名字的来历，故E项（老子的意思是老夫子或老男孩）符合语境。【3题详解】根据空前的“According to Taoism, the

29、entire universe flows with a mysterious force called the Tao, which means “The Way”可知，道家认为，整个宇宙都有一种神秘的力量，叫作道，意思是道路，此处承接上文，讲的还是道家学说，故G项（道家认为，一切好像都是分开的，但实际上是一体的）符合语境。【4题详解】根据空前的“Born in 551 B. C., Confucius wandered throughout China as a government employee and a political adviser to the ruling Chou f

30、amily.”可知，生于公元前551年。作为一名官员和大臣，孔子周游了列国，此处补充说明，说的是孔子的其他身份，故D项（他还是一位音乐家、思想家和老师）符合语境。【5题详解】根据空前的“Both Taoism and Confucianism have served as guides.”可知，道家和儒家都是指导思想，此处承接上文，说的是这两种思想的影响，故F项（它们引领中国走过了历史上的巅峰和低谷）符合语境。【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，选项和上下文中出现的代词的指代关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第1题，根据空前的“Lao-tzu and Confucius were Chinas most

31、famous philosophers.”可知，老子和孔子是中国最著名的哲学家，空后又提到了老子和孔子所说的一句格言，B项中的Their指代的就是前面提到的Lao-tzu and Confucius，故B项（他们的格言至今仍在使用）符合语境。C【答案解析】 1. G 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了家庭作业给学生带来的益处：锻炼学生时间管理能力，老师的积极评价帮助学生树立自信等等。同时也指出家庭作业应当适当布置，否则就会变成一种惩罚。【1题详解】根据前文“Homework is made up of outofclass activities and a

32、thome activities teachers assign to studentsIt can include practice assignments that emphasize newly acquired skills”可知家庭作业由课外活动和教师分配给学生的家庭活动组成。家庭作业可以包括巩固新获得的技能的实践作业。因此下文应为进一步说明家庭作业的类型和作用，上文中的assignments可对应到G项中的assignments，表示：它可以是准备作业，使学生为课堂活动做好准备。符合文意，故选G。【2题详解】本句位于段首，有总起全段的作用。且根据后文“For example，to

33、complete their homework in time，children start dividing their time into studying and playing，thus learning to complete their scheduled tasks within the time they have”可知为了按时完成作业，孩子们开始把时间分成学习和玩耍，从而学会在有限的时间内完成预定的任务。可知本段是说明家庭作业可以通过锻炼学生的时间管理能力，而使学生受益。故选B。【3题详解】根据后文Teachers positive remarks can help deve

34、lop students confidence and encourage them to keep up with their good work可知老师的积极评价有助于培养学生的自信心，并鼓励他们跟上好工作的步伐。下文中remarks对应到C选项中comments，指老师对学生做的工作给出评价，上下文连贯通顺，故选C。【4题详解】根据前文 It provides them with a platform to express what they know or have newly found， and exhibit their talents可知家庭作业给他们提供了一个平台，表达他们知

35、道或新发现的东西，展示他们的才华。可知本段是在列举家庭作业带给学生的好处有哪些。根据上下文D项：It also gives students the practice of whatever they learn in school它也让学生练习他们在学校学到的任何东西。符合文意，故选D。【5题详解】根据上文“The amount and difficulty level of homework assignments should match the ages and abilities of students”家庭作业的数量和困难度应该与学生的能力和年龄相匹配，故可推测下文是指如果不匹配，

36、家庭作业就会成为一种惩罚。符故选A。D【答案解析】 1. A 2. F 3. G 4. C 5. E【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了你在飞机上可能会遇到你不想挨着的四类“怪咖”邻座。【1题详解】根据下文“Perhaps you normally like them, but when you are sitting next to them on a plane its a different thing. They usually spend all the flight moving around and dropping their toys on the floor, and w

37、hen theyre drinking their orange juice it ends up on your trousers”可知，应是顽皮的孩子在飞机上所做的事，包括整个飞行过程中到处走动，把玩具扔在地板上，当他们喝橙汁的时候，最后会落到你的裤子上。故A项：Naughty kids(淘气孩子)作为主旨句，故选A。【2题详解】根据下文“So you cant have the little sleep that you were planning.”可知，他们想跟你一起玩，故你不能像你计划的那样睡个好觉。F项：Then they decide they want to have fun

38、 with you(然后他们决定和你一起玩)是上文的接下来的动作。故选F。【3题详解】根据上文“You recognize this type as soon as you sit down. They immediately start talking about the plane, or the weather, or they ask you a personal question. Its very difficult not to talk to these people.”可知，你一坐下就认出了这种类型。他们立刻开始谈论飞机，天气，或者问你一个私人问题。很难不跟这些人说话。故G项

39、：Youll probably have to keep talking until the plane lands(你可能得一直说直到飞机降落)是上文的一种结果，符合文意。故选G。【4题详解】根据上文“These are the people with white faces who sit down and immediately ask for something to drink. Every five minutes they call a flight attendant to ask if there are any problems with the plane.”可知，讲的是

40、一些紧张的乘客的事情，C项：They also tell you about air crash(他们还告诉你空难的事)也是紧张的乘客会做的事情。故选C。【5题详解】根据下文的“But they have a terrible habit of taking up all their room, and some of your room too. They usually sit so that you cant move, with their arms and legs in your space.”可知，还有一类人，他们有一个可怕的习惯，占了他们所有的房间，还有你的一些房间。他们通常坐

41、在你不能动的地方，胳膊和腿放在你的空间里。故E项：The people are not necessarily very large（这些人不必然很大）与下文形成转折，符合文意。故选E。【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。以本题第1小题为例，根据下文“Perhaps you normally like them, but when you are sitting next to them on a plane its a different thing. They usually spend all the flight moving around and dropping their toys on the floor, and when theyre drinking their orange juice it ends up on your trousers”可知，应是顽皮的孩子在飞机上所做的是，故A项作为主旨句，切题。故选A。