2021_2022学年新教材高中英语UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONS单元综合检测含解析新人教版必修第二册.doc

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1、Unit 4单元综合检测(四)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分 50 分)第一节(共15小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhen in Rome，do as the Romans do.Here are some British etiquette(礼仪) and customs international students ought to know.VisitingIn most houses in Britain，the doors are usually kept closed.It is customary

2、to visit people at a prearranged time and day.Usually，people are not comfortable if you just drop in.Nevertheless，if someone says to drop in at any time，feel free to do so as long as it is not in the middle of the night.When you go into someones house，do take your hat off (men only)It is impolite fo

3、r men to wear hats indoors especially in churches.GreetingIn Britain，the handshake is a common form of greeting.When you meet people for the first time，it is normal to shake hands.A firm handshake is the standard；there are no issues over gender in Britain.The usual formal greeting is “How do you do?

4、 ” and a firm hand shake，but with a lighter touch between men and women.In Britain，unlike some other European countries，it is unusual to embrace or kiss the other person (unless they are family or a very close friend)GiftsDuring birthday and Christmas celebrations，it is common for the British to exc

5、hange gifts between family members and close friends.The gift doesnt need to be expensive，but it should usually show an attempt to find something that is related to the recipients(接受者) interests.When invited to someones home，it is normal to take along a box of good chocolates，a bottle of good wine o

6、r a bunch of beautiful flowers.Note that gifts are opened when received.PunctualityThe British are generally punctual(守时的)，especially the Scots.The British consider it impolite if you turn up late for an appointment.In most cases，the people you are meeting will be on time，call even if you will be 5

7、minutes later than youve promised.If you have been late or fail to keep your appointment，make an effort to contact the person to let them know.It is a good idea to telephone and offer your apologies.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在英国需要遵守的一些礼仪。1What do the British men usually do when they meet for the first t

8、ime?AEmbrace or kiss each other.BShake hands firmly.CBring an expensive gift.DTake off their hats immediately.B细节理解题。根据Greeting部分的“When you meet people for the first time，it is normal to shake hands.A firm handshake is the standard”可知，在英国第一次见面应该紧紧地握手。B项符合以上说法，故选B项。2What present may the author recomm

9、end you if you attend a birthday party in Britain?AA book the receiver is interested in.BA pet that you think is cute.CA red envelope with some money.DA fantastic and expensive bike.A细节理解题。根据Gifts部分的“The gift doesnt need to be expensive，but it should usually show an attempt to find something that is

10、 related to the recipients interests.”可知，生日或者圣诞节的礼物不需要太昂贵，但是应该和礼物接受者的兴趣相关。故选A项。3Which of the following may be considered NOT polite for visiting British people?AVisit them at a scheduled time.BShow up on time instead of arriving earlier.CPhone to tell them if one will be late.DPay an unexpected visi

11、t to give them a surprise.D细节理解题。根据Visiting部分的“Usually，people are not comfortable if you just drop in.”可知，突然造访会让主人不适，这是不礼貌的。故选D项。BAt eleven，I decided to learn to swim.There was a pool at the YM.C.A.offering exactly the opportunity.Mother continually warned against it，and kept fresh in my mind the de

12、tails of coach drowning in the river.But the YM.C.A.pool was safe.I had a childhood fear of water.This started when I was three years old and father took me to the beach.The huge waves knocked me down and swept over me.The pool was quiet.I was afraid of going in all alone，so I sat on the side of the

13、 pool to wait for others.Then came a big boy.He yelled，“Hi，Skinny! Howd you like to be ducked？” With that he picked me up and threw me into the deep end.I landed in a sitting position，and swallowed water.But I was not frightened out of my witswhen my feet hit the bottom，I would make a big jump，come

14、out of the surface.It seemed a long way down.I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards.Then I opened my eyes and saw nothing but water.I tried to yell but no sound came out.I went down，down，endlessly.When I came to consciousness，I found myself lying

15、on the bed in the hospital.I never went back to the pool.I avoided water whenever I could.This misadventure stayed with me as the years rolled by.It deprived me of the joy of boating and swimming.Finally，I decided to get an instructor.Piece by piece，he built a swimmer.Several months later，the instru

16、ctor was finished，but I was notSometimes the terror would return.This went on until July.I swam across the Lake Wentworth.Only once did the terror return.When I was in the middle of the lake，I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water.I laughed and said，“Well，Mr.Terror，what do you think

17、 you can do to me？”I had conquered my fear of water.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候和父亲去海滩的遭遇使作者开始害怕水，直到自己游过温特沃思湖时，才克服了对水的害怕的经历。4The authors original fear of water was caused by _Ahis poor skill in swimmingBhis mothers warning of drowningCan outing to the beach with his fatherDan unpleasant memory of the

18、 poolC细节理解题。根据第二段可知，小时候和父亲一起去海滩的遭遇使我开始害怕水，故选C。5Why was the author not scared to death when he was thrown into the water?AHe knew how to swim in the pool.BHe felt that the YM.C.A.pool was safe.CHe was waiting for others to save him.DHe came up with an idea to go upwards.D推理判断题。根据第三段中“But I was not fr

19、ightened out of my witswhen my feet hit the bottom，I would make a big jump，come out of the surface.It seemed a long way down.I gathered all my strength when I landed and made what I thought was a great spring upwards.(但我并没有被吓得惊慌失措当我的脚碰到地的时候，我会做一个大的跳跃，跳出水面。好像有很长一段路要走。当我着陆时，我聚集了我所有的力量，做了一个我认为是一个巨大的向上的

20、跳跃。)”可以推断出，作者认为自己找到了向上跳出水面的方法，所以他没有害怕，故选D。6By “but I was not” in Paragraph 5，the author probably means_Ahe was still a poor swimmerBhe had not overcome the fear yetChe was not afraid of drowning any moreDhe was not satisfied with the swimming trainingB句意理解题。根据上文“Finally，I decided to get an instructo

21、r.Piece by piece，he built a swimmer.Several months later，the instructor was finished(最后，我决定找个教练员。 他造就了一个又一个的游泳运动员。 几个月后，教练指导完成了)”，but I was not表示转折，再根据下文，“Sometimes the terror would return.”有时恐怖还会重来，由此推断but I was not意为“我还没有克服恐惧”。故选B。7Which of the following is the best title for the text?AGoodbye，Mr.

22、TerrorBHello，Childhood FearCA Swimming AdventureDMy Passion for SwimmingA标题归纳题。根据最后一段“When I was in the middle of the lake，I put my face under and saw nothing but bottomless water.I laughed and said，Well，Mr.Terror，what do you think you can do to me？I had conquered my fear of water.(当我在湖中央时，我把脸放在水下面，

23、只看到无底的水。 我笑着说：好吧，恐怖先生，你认为你能对我做什么？ 我克服了对水的恐惧。)”再结合文章可知，作者主要对自己从小害怕水又到克服害怕水的经历进行了描述。主题应该是克服对水的恐惧。A选项符合文章主题，适合作标题，故选A。CThe person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.When I stepped off a ship in New York Harbor in 1949，I was a nineyearold war refugee，who had lost his

24、mother and was coming to live with the father he did not know.My mother，Eleni Gatzoyiannis，had been imprisoned and shot for sending my sisters and me to freedom.I was thirteen years old when I entered Chandler Junior High.Shortly after I arrived，I was told to select a hobby to pursue during “club ho

25、urs”The idea of hobbies and clubs made no sense to my immigrant ears，but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class.She led me into the presence of Miss Hurd，the school newspaper adviser and English teacher.A tough woman with saltandpepper hair and determined eyes，Miss Hurd had no patience w

26、ith lazy bones.She drilled us in grammar，assigned stories for us to read and discuss，and eventually taught us how to put out a newspaper.Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my wartorn homeland，making me proud of my origins.Her efforts inspired me to underst

27、and the logic and structure of the English language.Owing to her inspiration，during my next twentyfive years，I became a journalist by profession.Miss Hurd retired at the age of 62.By then，she had taught for a total of 41 years.Even after her retirement，she continually made a project of unwilling stu

28、dents in whom she spied a spark of potential.The students were mainly from the most troubled homes，yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of tough love，until the spark caught fire.Miss Hurd was the one who directed my grief and pain into writing.But for Miss Hurd，I w

29、ouldnt have become a reporter.She was the one who sent me into journalism and indirectly caused all the good things that came after.【语篇解读】本文作者主要介绍了自己的老师Marjorie Hurd，其中重点讲述了Hurd老师对他的人生道路产生的重要影响。Hurd老师让作者了解了希腊文学，使得作者对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新的认识，并为它感到自豪；Hurd老师还让作者学会了英语的逻辑与结构。多亏了Hurd老师的鼓励，在后来的二十五年里，作者成为了一名专业记者。8Wh

30、at does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?AHobbies and clubs did not interest the author.BThe author turned a deaf ear to joining clubs.CHobbies and clubs were inaccessible to immigrants like the author.DThe author had no idea what hobbies and clubs were all about.D句意理解题。根据上文

31、“Shortly after I arrived，I was told to select a hobby to pursue during club hours”再结合下文“.but I decided to follow the prettiest girl in my class.”使用了转折连词but，句意：但是我决定跟着我班里最漂亮的女孩，可以推测出画线的句子表示的意思应与之相反，即虽然我对于爱好和俱乐部毫无概念。故选D。9Which of the following caused the author to think of his homeland differently?ASt

32、epping on the American soil for the first time.BBeing exposed to Greek literary works.CHer mothers miserable death.DFollowing the prettiest girl in his class.B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Her introduction to the literary wealth of Greece gave me a new perspective on my wartorn homeland，making me proud of my origin

33、s.”可知，Hurd老师让我了解了希腊文学这一宝贵财富，使得我对饱受战争蹂躏的祖国有了新的不同的认识，为它感到自豪。故选B。10It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that _AMiss Hurd employed a unique way to handle these studentsBMiss Hurds contribution was recognized across the nationCStudents from troubled homes preferred Miss Hurds teaching styleDThe students M

34、iss Hurd taught were all finally firedA推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Even after her retirement，she continually made a project of unwilling students in whom she spied a spark of potential.The students were mainly from the most troubled homes，yet she alternately bullied and charmed them with her own special brand of

35、tough love，until the spark caught fire.”可知，Hurd老师退休之后，继续从事了一项工作：用她独特而严厉的爱帮助不愿意学习的学生发现他们潜在的闪光点。故选A。11What is the text mainly about?AHow the author became a journalist.BThe importance of inspiration in ones life.CThe teacher who shaped the authors life.DFactors contributing to a successful career.C主旨大

36、意题。通读全文，特别是文章第一句“The person who set the course of my life was a school teacher named Marjorie Hurd.”可知，本文主要讲述了我的老师Marjorie Hurd对我的人生道路产生的重要影响。C项中的“shaped the authors life”与“set the course of my life”意思相近。故选C。DRole models (榜样) are important for inspiring scientists，but new research suggests that scie

37、ntists who are known for their hard work are more motivating (激励人的) than scientists who are viewed as naturally brilliant.In a series of studies，researchers found that young people were more motivated by scientists whose success was connected with effort than those whose success was because of born

38、intelligence，even if that scientist was Albert Einstein.Danfei Hu，a doctoral student at Penn State，and Janet NAnn，an assistant professor of psychology at William Paterson University，said the findingsrecently published in Basic and Applied Social Psychologywill help deal with certain secret about wha

39、t it takes to succeed in science.According to the researchers，there is concern in the science community with the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out from those career paths once they graduate from college.To help solve the problem，Hu and Ann wanted to r

40、esearch role modeling，which gives the students specific goals，behaviors or strategies they can follow.The researchers performed studies with 176，and 162 participants in each，respectively.In the first study，all participants read the same story about common struggles a scientist met in their science c

41、areer.However，half were told the story was about Einstein，while half were told it was about Thomas Edison.Although the stories are the same，participants were more likely to believe natural brilliance (才华) was the reason for Einsteins success.In addition，the participants who believed the story was ab

42、out Edison were more motivated to complete a series of math problems.“This proved that people generally seem to view Einstein as a genius，with his success commonly linked to extraordinary talent，” Hu said.“Edison，on the other hand，is known for failing more than 1，000 times when trying to create the

43、light bulb，and his success is usually linked to his effort.” Hu added，“Knowing that something great can be achieved through hard work and effort，more students will step into science confidently.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了依靠勤奋和努力成功的科学家比天才型科学家更鼓舞人心的观念。12What kind of scientists are more motivating?AThose who

44、 are famous around the world.BThose who are famous for their hard work.CThose who are viewed as naturally brilliant.DThose who are viewed as great in venture.B细节理解题。根据第一段“but new research suggests that scientists who are known for their hard work are more motivating than scientists who are viewed as

45、 naturally brilliant”可知，那些以努力工作而闻名的科学家比那些天生才华横溢的科学家更能激励人心。故选B项。13What is the concern in the science community?AFewer students will work on science.BThe students will drop out of school soon.CThere are fewer role models for students to follow.DSome scientists can not give students specific goals.A细节理

46、解题。根据第四段“there is concern in the science community with the number of students who run after careers in science during school only to drop out from those career paths once they graduate from college”可知，很多在校期间追求科学事业的学生，大学毕业后就放弃了从事科学事业。也就是说从事科学事业的学生会更少，这正是科学界所担忧的事情。故选A项。14Why were some participants mo

47、tivated to complete a series of math problems?AThey knew the problems were given by Edison.BThey believed they were as intelligent as Einstein.CThey believed they could solve the problems by working hard.DThey knew they were to work together with Einstein and Edison.C细节理解题。根据第五段“In addition，the part

48、icipants who believed the story was about Edison were more motivated to complete a series of math problems.”可知，参与者完成数学题是受到爱迪生的鼓舞。再根据最后一段“Edison，on the other hand，is known for failing more than 1，000 times when trying to create the light bulb，and his success is usually linked to his effort.”可知，爱迪生在尝试制造灯泡时失败了1 000多次，他的成功通常与他的努力有关。综合上述可知，这些相信爱迪生故事的参与者们相信通过努力工作可以解决问题，所以才有动力去完成一系列数学题。故选C项。15What is the best title for the text?AEinsteins Success StoryBEdiso