2021年中考英语基础语法专题练习形容词和副词含解析.docx

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1、专题六形容词和副词学前自测（发现考点）( )1. They looked at the screen _, and all of them looked very _.A. careful; nervously B. carefully; nervous C. careful; nervous D. carefully; nervously( )2. I am sorry this coat is not big enough. I want a _ one.A. bigger B. big C. small D. smaller( )3. Mary has been ill in bed f

2、or a week. I wonder if she is _ now.A. much better B. some better C. any better D. very better( )4. My brother cant speak English as _ as me, but he is _ at math than me.A. well; good B. well; better C. good; better D. good; well( )5. My grandma told me a good story, but I told a _ one.A. good B. be

3、tter C. best D. worse( )6. The volunteer spoke as _ as she could to make visitors understand her.A. clearer B. clear C. clearly D. more clearly( )7. Are you feeling better after seeing the doctor? Im afraid not. I am _ than yesterday.A. bad B. much worse C. more worse D. much more worse( )8. Did Bob

4、by do his best in the final exam? No, but of all the students he did _.A. most carefully B. much more careful C. much more carefully D. the most careful( )9. Helen, can I wear a jeans and a T-shirt to the evening party? OK! But a dress might be _.A. good B. well C. better D. best( )10. Hangzhou is o

5、ne of _ I have ever seen.A. the more wonderful place B. the more wonderful placesC. the most wonderful places D. the most wonderful place常考考点知识清单（研习考点）考点一 形容词的用法及位置1. 形容词的用法(1) 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词(或代词)的一类词。 形容词在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等成份。Peter is tall. 彼得个子高。 (作表语)We must keep our room clean. 我们必须保持我们的教室干净。 (作宾补)S

6、he has short hair. 她留短发。 (作定语)(2) 多个形容词修饰一个名词时,其顺序为:限定词(冠词、指示代词等)+数词+描述性形容词+大小、长短、高低等形容词+形状+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料性质+用途类别。a small round table 一张小圆桌, a dirty old brown shirt 一件又脏又旧的棕色衬衣巧记: 多个形容词作定语的顺序口诀限定描述大长高,形状年龄与新老;颜色国籍出材料,用途类别往后靠。(3) 某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,谓语动词用复数,如:the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the

7、blind 等。The poor are in great need of help. 穷人们非常需要帮助。(4) 有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,谓语动词用复数,如:the British, the English, the French, the Chinese 等。The Chinese are hard-working. 中国人是勤奋努力的。2. 形容词的位置(1) 形容词作定语时一般放在修饰词的前面。I think its an interesting book. 我觉得这是一本有趣的书。(2) 形容词修饰不定代词时放在不定代词之后。She has somethin

8、g important to tell us. 她有重要的事情要告诉我们。考点二 副词的用法及位置1. 副词的功能及用法副词是用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词以及全句的词,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。(1) 作状语,修饰动词、形容词、其他副词和全句。The students are working hard in school. 学生们在学校努力学习。(2) 作表语,多数与介词同形的副词以及一些表示位置的副词都可以用作表语。Im afraid I must be off now. 恐怕我现在得走了。(3) 作宾语补足语。I saw him out just now. 刚才我看见他出去了。(

9、4) 作定语。The people here are hard-working. 这里的人们是很勤劳的。2. 副词的位置(1)修饰动词,多数位于动词之后,及物动词的宾语之后。She speaks English well. 她英语说得很好。(2) 频度副词(always, never, often 等)通常放在行为动词之前,情态动词、be 动词、助动词之后。 但是sometimes 位置较灵活,还可以放在句子的开头和结尾。My sister sometimes has lunch at school. =Sometimes my sister has lunch at school. =My

10、sister has lunch at school sometimes. 我姐姐有时候在学校吃午饭。(3) 修饰形容词或副词,放在被修饰词之前。He has a very nice watch. 他有一块非常漂亮的手表。(4) 作表语,放在系动词后。She is out at the moment. 此刻她在外面。(5) 作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后。Please have them in. 请让他们进来。(6) 修饰全句,放在句首。Perhaps/ Maybe hes watching TV at home. 也许他正在家里看电视。(7) enough 修饰形容词或副词放在形容词、副词之后。

11、He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大了能去上学了。考点三 形容词、副词比较级与最高级1. 构成(1) 规则变化构成原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est talltallertallest以不发音的字母 e 结尾的单音词只加-r,-st nicenicernicest以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-estbigbiggerbiggest“以辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词,改 y 为 i,再加-er,-est busybusierbusiest其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加 more, most 来构成比较

12、级和最高级importantmore important most important(2) 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/ well betterbestbad/ badly/ ill worseworstmuch/ many moremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/ further farthest/ furthest2. 用法(1) 形容词比较等级的用法比较等级用法例句原级肯定句中用“as+原级形容词+as ”的结构My handwriting is as beautiful as yours.我的书法和你的一样好。否定句中用“not as/ so+原级

13、形容词+as ”结构Rose is not as/ so tall as Mary.露丝没有玛丽高。比较级两者之间的比较用“形容词比较级+than”You look much younger than I do.你看上去比我年轻多了。两者比较也可以用“the+比较级+of 短语(比较范围)”,表示“两者中较的那一个”It is the narrower of the two streets.这是两条街道中比较窄的一条。“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more+原级”,表示“越来越”Our country is getting stronger and stronger.我们的国

14、家变得越来越强大。“the + 比较级 the + 比较级”表示“越,越”The more difficult the problem is, the more careful we should be.问题越难,我们就越应小心。最高级the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句Luke is the fastest runner of the three boys.鲁克是这三个男孩中跑得最快的。one of the+最高级,表示“是最之一”Qingdao is one of the most beautiful cities in China.青岛是中国最美丽的城市之一。比较级 + th

15、an + any other + 名词单数/ anyone else/ anything else 或比较级+ than + all other+名 词复数表示最高级的含义Time is more valuable than anything else.时间是最珍贵的东西。(2) 副词比较等级的用法比较等级用法例句原级肯定句中用“as+原级副词+as ”的结构I love music as much as Betty does.我和贝蒂一样喜欢音乐。否定句中用“not as/ so+原级副词+as ”结构She cant use the computer so/ as well as you.

16、她电脑没有你运用得好。用“ times + as+原级副词+as ”的形式表示倍数This car runs three times as fast as that one.这辆车的行驶速度是那辆车的三倍。比较级“副词的比较级+than”句式She comes here less often than before.她不像以前那样经常来这里了。no+比较级 than和 not+比较级 than John speaks Chinese no more fluently than his younger brother. 约翰汉语说得和他弟弟一样都不流畅。比较级+and+比较级She plays

17、the piano more and more beautifully. 她钢琴弹得越来越好。the+比较级 , the+比较级 The harder you work, the better you will learn.你越努力,学得就会越好。最高级(the)+副词最高级+表示范围的短语或从句He talks (the) least and does (the) most in his class.他是班上说得最少干得最多的人。巩固训练（夯实基础）一、单项选择( )1. Tom, do you know which month has _ days in a year?February.A

18、. fewer B. the fewest C. less D. the least( )2. I can _ believe that Linda won the competition. Me, too. She didnt prepare at all.A. hard B. hardly C. almost D. nearly( )3. When winter comes, days get _.A. long and long B. short and shortC. longer and longer D. shorter and shorter( )4. You are not _

19、 to carry the box. But I think I can.A. weak enough B. enough weakC. strong enough D. enough strong( )5. Who is Jack? He is my _ brother. He is two years _ than me.A. elder; older B. older; olderC. elder; elder D. older; elder( )6. How can I improve my English? _ you work at it, _ progress you will

20、make.A. The harder; the more B. The more hardly; the moreC. The hardlier; the greater D. The harder; the great( )7. Jacks pants are as _ as Jims.A. cheap B. cheaperC. the cheaper D. the cheapest( )8. There is _ snow on the road. Yes, and it is _ cold today.A. too much; much too B. too much; too much

21、C. much too; much too D. much too; too much( )9. The result was so _. And we were all _ at the result.A. disappointed; disappointed B. disappointed; disappointingC. disappointing; disappointed D. disappointing; disappointing( )10. Traffic is heavy and the price of oil is much _ than before so that m

22、any people go to work by bus instead.A. higher B. highC. expensive D. more expensive二、用所给单词的正确形式填空1. The team got the first place _ (success).2. This box is heavy, but that one is _ (heavy).3. We all feel _ (excite) after hearing the news.4. Computers make it _ (easily) for us to communicate with ea

23、ch other.5. My bike is _ (expensive) than yours.6. I can speak French as _ (good) as English.7. Alice was _ (deep) moved by the love story.8. I am going to go abroad for a _ (far) education.9. Do you know that Dr Jane is a _ (wonder) doctor?10. My brother is the _ (tall) of the three.答案：学前自测1-5 BACBB6-10 CBACC巩固训练一、1-5 BBDCA 6-10 AAACA二、1. successfully2. heavier3. excited4. easy5. more expensive6. well7. deeply8. further9. wonderful10. tallest