2021学年高三英语下学期入学考试试题一.doc

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1、2021学年高三下学期入学考试英语（一）本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分第I卷 （选择题 共100分）第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，每小题2分，满分40分）第一节阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AHave you ever realized that the smallest countries in the world have so much to offer? Whether its historic and cultural heritage or unspoiled nature, the

2、se microstates are worth a visit.GrenadaGrenada is a small country in the world. It is located on island of Caribbean, which is also known as The Island of Spice for several spices like cinnamon, ginger and rare nutmeg. Grenada relies on tourism. Its pristine beaches, warm turquoise water and unspoi

3、led nature make it a wonderful holiday destination. Recently ecotourism has been growing as well.San MarinoLocated within Italy and surrounded by the Apennine Mountains. San Marino is visited by approximately 2 million tourists annually. Its a beautiful country, which also claims to be the oldest su

4、rviving state in the world! Therefore its cultural and historic heritage is undoubtedly fascinating. Although very small, the microstate has a lot of architectural attractions as well as the Romagna, which is loved by Italians, who are among the main guests here.MaldivesMaldives is located on the ba

5、nk of Indian Ocean. Maldives has a range of different habitats including deep sea, shallow coast, and reef ecosystems, fringing mangroves, wetlands and dry lands. Visitors to the Maldives do not need to apply for a pre-arrival visa, regardless of their country of origin, provided they have a valid p

6、assport, proof of onward travel, and the money to be self-sufficient while in the country.AndorraIts a picturesque microstate found in the Pyrenees Mountains, bordering Spain and France. Over 10 million tourists visit Andorra every year! Unlike the neighboring countries high prices, the country has

7、a duty-free policy, allowing shoppers to enjoy lower costs. Also there are winter and summer resorts, so you can visit anytime.1. Who might be interested in Grenada?A. Architects.B. Spice lovers.C. Historians.D. Mountain climbers.2. Which of the following is a good choice for people who like buildin

8、g design?A. Maldives.B. San Marino.C. Andorra.D. Grenada.3. What is not required for a traveler to Maldives?A. Money.B. A passport.C. A visa.D. A return ticket.【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C【解析】【分析】本文是一则旅游广告。文章介绍了几个值得旅游的小国。无论是历史文化遗产还是未受破坏的自然，这些小国家都值得一游。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据Grenada中It is located on island of Caribbean,

9、 which is also known as The Island of Spice for several spices like cinnamon, ginger and rare nutmeg.“它位于加勒比岛，也被称为香料岛，有肉桂、姜和稀有的肉豆蔻等多种香料。”可知，香料爱好者可能对Grenada感兴趣。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据San Marino中Although very small, the microstate has a lot of architectural attractions as well as the Romagna,“虽然非常小，但这个微型国家

10、有许多建筑景点，还有罗马尼大厦”。可知，对于喜欢建筑设计的人来说San Marino是不错的选择。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Maldives中Visitors to the Maldives do not need to apply for a pre-arrival visa“马尔代夫的游客不需要申请入境前签证”。故选C。【点睛】在细节考查题中有一类事实细节题 。该题属于细节类型的阅读理解题，一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发

11、生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案一定要符合原文，切不可望文生义。本题第3小题，根据Maldives中Visitors to the Maldives do not need to apply for a pre-arrival visa“马尔代夫的游客不需要申请入境前签证”。故选C。BFlying HighBarrington Irving made his historic flight and founded an educational non-profit-making organization. His message for kids: “The only th

12、ing that separates you from scientists is determination, hard work and a strong liking for what you want to achieve.” The secret, he believes, is having a dream in the first place, and that starts with learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.The moment of inspiration for Irving came

13、at the age of 15 in his parents bookstore. One customer, a professional pilot, asked Irving if hed thought about becoming a pilot. “I told him I didnt think I was smart enough; but the next day he took me to the cockpit (驾驶舱) of the commercial airplane he flew, and just like that I was hooked.”To fo

14、llow his dream, Irving turned down a football scholarship to the University of Florida. He washed airplanes to earn money for a flight school and increased his flying skills by practising at home on a $40 flight simulator (模拟) video game. Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world.

15、He faced more than 50 rejections for sponsorship before convincing some companies to donate aircraft components. He took off with no weather radar, no de-icing system, and just $30 in his pocket. “I like to do things people say I cant do.”After 97 days, 26 stops and dozens of thunderstorms, he touch

16、ed down to a cheering crowd in Miami. “It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.” Irving has been doing it ever since. He set up his non-profit-making organization, Experience Aviation (航空), aiming to increase the numb

17、ers of youth in aviation and science-related careers. Kids attend programmes dealing with hands-on robotics projects and flight simulator challenges.“We want to create chances for students to accomplish something amazing,” he notes. Perhaps Irvings most powerful educational tool is the example his o

18、wn life provides. After landing his record-breaking flight at age 23, he said, “Everyone told me I was too young, that I didnt have enough experience, strength, or knowledge. They told me it would take forever and Id never come home. Well guess what?”4. According to Irving, what is the most importan

19、t in achieving success?A. Meeting people who provide unexpected help.B. Getting a chance to study technical knowledge.C. Having something specific that you want to accomplish.D. Developing communication with different organizations.5. What Irving replied to the pilot in the bookstore suggested that

20、_.A. he felt embarrassed to refuse the offerB. he was doubtful about his own abilitiesC. he knew his efforts would be rewardedD. he realized immediately how lucky he was6. What can we learn about Irving in Paragraph 3?A. He chose to reduce his budget as low as possible.B. He was finally given enough

21、 money to keep going.C. He got the most useful flying tips from his video game.D. He took on a further challenge after he knew how to fly.7. Irving set up his non-profit-making organization because _.A. he hoped to become a public figureB. he expected to start a business in other fieldsC. he saw the

22、re was great interest in what he was doingD. he thought he could teach more than flight schools could【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Barrington Irving学习飞行、独自一人飞越全球并成立公益组织传播飞行知识及经验的故事。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句“The secret, he believes, is having a dream in the first place, and that starts with

23、learning experiences that inspire kids to build careers.”可知Irving认为最重要的是首先要有梦想，也就是首先你要有自己迫切想要完成的具体事情。故C项正确。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“I told him I didnt think I was smart enough;”可知Irving告诉对方自己可能不够聪明，说明他怀疑自己的能力。故B项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“Then another dream took hold: flying alone around the world.”可知在学会飞行

24、以后，他又有了另外一个梦想：独自飞越全球。故D项正确。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段二三句“It was seeing so many young people watching and listening that pushed me into giving back with my knowledge and experience.” Irving has been doing it ever since. He set up his non-profit-making organization, Experience Aviation (航空), aiming to increase

25、 the numbers of youth in aviation and science-related careers.”可知促使他建立这个公益组织的是他看到了很多年轻人都在期待他完成目标，他要把自己的知识和经验教给更多的年轻人。他这样做有很大的好处。故C项正确。CA company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into womens shoes.Every day, millions of Americans drink water and other liquids

26、 from plastic bottles. More than 60 million of them are thrown away each day. Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.A San Francisco start-up company called Rothys, however, turns this plastic waste into environmentally friendly shoes. Roth Martin is

27、the companys co-founder. He explains how they turn plastic into soft material for womens feet. They take the plastic, clean it, and break it down into small pieces. Then they press them through a device that makes soft fibers. Those fibers are then combined together. This is done by a 3D machine. It

28、 is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes. The knitted stuff and the inner part of the shoe are then attached to the shoes outer part, called the sole (鞋底). This outer sole is also made from environmentally friendly material: responsibly sourced no-carbon rubber.Rothys shoes are sold onlin

29、e. They are flat shoes, with either a rounded or pointed toe. They come in different colors and designs. They cost either $ 125 or $ 145 per pair, depending on the design. After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew. Martin says there is no shortag

30、e of material to fill that demand. “Were not going to run out of water bottles any time soon. So we have a limitless supply of material, and I think that is a good sign for our future.” When the environmentally friendly shoes wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that uses the

31、recycled materials to make other products.For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the United States. However, the company says it will add international shipping in the near future.8. How are used plastic bottles usually dealt with?A. They are buried or burned.B. They are used to make

32、 shoes.C. They are changed into soft materials.D. They arc returned to factories for reuse.9. What does the underlined word knitted in the third paragraph mean?A. Attached.B. Fixed.C. Combined.D. Repaired.10. Which of the following directly helped to increase the sales of Rothys shoes?A. The design

33、and color.B. The reasonable price.C. The companys advertisement.D. The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow.11. What is the purpose of the text?A To advertise a new kind of shoes.B. To describe the process of making shoes.C. To introduce a new way of recycling plastic waste.D. To stress the importance of e

34、nvironmental protection.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍一种回收塑料垃圾的新方法。8题详解】A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.可知，废弃塑料瓶的处理方法是被埋葬或焚烧。故选A。【9题详解】C词义猜测题。根据第三段中Those fibers are then combined together. （这些纤维结合在一起。）This is done by

35、 a 3D machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes. （它的设计目的是在制造鞋子的同时减少浪费。）The knitted stuff and the inner part of the shoe are then attached to the shoes outer part, called the sole (鞋底).（这些knitted东西和鞋的内部部分被连接到鞋的外部分，叫做鞋底）由此推出划线词的意思是“结合的”。故选C。【10题详解】D细节理解题。根据第四段中After American actre

36、ss Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew.美国女演员Gwyneth Paltrow发现了这种鞋后，对这种鞋的需求增加了。可知，D项（The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow.）直接帮助增加Rothy鞋子的销售。故选D。【11题详解】C目的意图题。根据第一段A company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into womens shoes.加

37、利福尼亚旧金山的一家公司发现了一种把用过的塑料瓶变成女鞋的方法。可知本文是为了介绍一种回收塑料垃圾的新方法。故选C。DSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment. “We didnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth

38、Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many， many times,” says Gaylor

39、d Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports, emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9. Although serious

40、 problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place. A kind of “Green thinking” has become part of practices.Great improvement has been achieved. In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600. Advanced lights, motors, and b

41、uilding designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty five years ago, there were hardly any education programs for environment. Today, its hard to find a public school, university, or law school that does not have such a kind of program. “Until we do that, nothing

42、 else will change!” say Bruce Anderson.12. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about _.A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day13. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass r

43、oots level.B. The business circle.C. Government officials.D. University professors.14. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest.B. They have settled their environmental problems.C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They

44、have reduced pollution through effective measures.15. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. Education.B. PlanningC. Green livingD. CO reduction【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. A【解析】本文属于说明文。在文章中作者介绍了自从1970年第一个地球日成立以来，美国的环境问题有了很大的改善。以前在公共事物中无足轻重的环境问题现在成了

45、一项社会关注的问题，从科学家到大学教授到贫民百姓都有了环保意识。此外作者还指出教育在这种变化方面也起着非常重要的作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第2句“We didnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.可知在1970年世界地球日开始的时候，人们甚至都不知道有“环境这个词”，更不要说知道存在着环境问题了，因此在此之前人们都没有意识到环

46、境问题。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots可知商人，政界领导，大学教授，尤其是平民百姓们都参与到了保护环境的运动中来，由此判断保护环境的支持主要来自草根阶层，故选A。【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段内容In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs and building designs have helped save a l

47、ot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .可知回收工作的改进，先进产品和住房设计的研制开发等措施都有效地减少了污染，改善了环境，因此推断美国人已经通过有效的方法减少了污染的排放。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。四个选项内容对于保护环境都是重要的，但是作者在文章末段提到目前几乎每所学校都有关于环境保护的课程，而且通过最后Bruce Anderson说的话“Until we do that , nothing else will change! ”可知教育在改变人们保护环境意识，改善环境问题方面至关重要，故选A。第二节 阅读填空 （共5小题，

48、每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Setting aside for a rainy dayIts a common regret in life that we spend more than we save-money that could go into a savings account or into a pension. Whatever age you are, it s never too late to start thinking about saving for your future. Here are several ways to get you going._16_Its hard to know what you can afford to save if you dont have an accurate budget, so doing this is a key first step. Once youve made a record of everything you s