全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程4-Unit-6-PPT课件.ppt

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1、Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeOld Father Time Becomes a Terror Once upon a time, technology, we thought, would make our lives easier. Machines were expected to do our work for us, leaving us with ever-increasing quantities of tim

2、e to waste away on idleness and pleasure. But instead of liberating us, technology has enslaved us. Innovations are occurring at a bewildering rate: as many now arrive in a year as once arrived in a millennium. And as each invention arrives, it eats further into our time.Richard TomkinsSupplementary

3、 ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life The motorcar, for example, promised unimaginable levels of personal mobility. But now, traffic in cities moves more slowly than it did in the days of the horse-drawn carriage, and we waste our lives stuck in tra

4、ffic jams. The aircraft promised new horizons, too. The trouble is, it delivered them. Its very existence created a demand for time-consuming journeys that we would never previously have dreamed of undertaking the transatlantic shopping expedition, for example, or the trip to a convention on the oth

5、er side of the world.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life In most cases, technology has not saved time, but enabled us to do more things. In the home, washing machines promised to free women from having to toil over the laundry. In rea

6、lity, they encouraged us to change our clothes daily instead of weekly, creating seven times as much washing and ironing. Similarly, the weekly bath has been replaced by the daily shower, multiplying the hours spent on personal grooming.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal Readin

7、gBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Meanwhile, technology has not only allowed work to spread into our leisure time the laptop-on-the-beach syndrome but added the new burden of dealing with faxes, e-mails and voicemails. It has also provided us with the opportunity to spend hours fixing software

8、glitches on our personal computers or filling our heads with useless information from the Internet. Technology apart, the Internet points the way to a second reason why we feel so time-pressed: the information explosion.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUn

9、it 6 The Pace of Life A couple of centuries ago, nearly all the worlds accumulated learning could be contained in the heads of a few philosophers. Today, those heads couldnot hope to accommodate more than a tiny fraction of the information generated in a single day. News, facts and opinions pour in

10、from every corner of the world. The television set offers 150 channels. There are millions of Internet sites. Magazines, books and CD-ROMs proliferate.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “In the whole world of scholarship, there were

11、only a handful of scientific journals in the 18th century, and the publication of a book was an event,” says Edward Wilson, honorary curator in entomology at Harvard Universitys museum of comparative zoology. “Now, I find myself subscribing to 60 or 70 journals or magazines just to keep me up with w

12、hat amounts to a minute proportion of the expanding frontiers of scholarship.”Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life There is another reason for our increased time stress levels, too: rising prosperity. As ever-larger quantities of goods

13、 and services are produced, they have to be consumed. Driven on by advertising, we do our best to oblige: we buy more, travel more and play more, but we struggle to keep up. So we suffer from what Wilson calls discontent with super abundance the confusion of endless choice. Of course, not everyone i

14、s overstressed. “Its a convenient shorthand to say were all time-starved, but we have to remember that it only applies to, say, half the population,” says Michael Willmott, director of the Future Foundation, a London research company.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBe

15、fore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “Youve got people retiring early, youve got the unemployed, youve got other people maybe only peripherally involved in the economy who dont have this situation at all. If youre unemployed, your problem is that youve got too much time, not too little.” Paul Edwards

16、, chairman of the London-based Henley Centre forecasting group, points out that the feeling of pressures can also be exaggerated, or self- imposedimposed. “Everyone talks about it so much that about 50 percent of unemployed or retired people will tell you they never have enough time to get things do

17、ne,” he says. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “Its almost got to the point where theres stress envy. If youre not stressed, youre not succeeding. Everyone wants to have a little bit of this stress to show theyre an important perso

18、n.” There is another aspect to all of this too. Hour-by-hour logs kept by thousands of volunteers over the decades have shown that, in the U.K., working hours have risen only slightly in the last 10 years, and in the U.S., they have actually fallen even for those in professional and executive jobs,

19、where the perceptions of stress are highest.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life In the U.S., John Robinson, professor of sociology at the University of Maryland, and Geoffrey Godbey, professor of leisure studies at Penn State Universi

20、ty found that, since the mid-1960s, the average American had gained five hours a week in free time that is, time left after working, sleeping, commuting, caring for children and doing the chores. The gains, however, were unevenly distributed. The people who benefited the most were singles and empty-

21、nesters. Those who gained the least less than an hour-were working couples with pre-school children, perhaps reflecting the trend for parents to spend more time nurturing their offspring.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life There is, o

22、f course, a gender issue here, too. Advances in household appliances may have encouraged women to take paying jobs: but as we have already noted, technology did not end household chores. As a result, we see appalling inequalities in the distribution offree time between the sexes. According to the He

23、nley Centre, working fathers in the U. K. average 48 hours of free time a week. Working mothers get 14.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Inequalities apart, the perception of the time famine is widespread, and has provoked a variety

24、 of reactions. One is an attempt to gain the largest possible amount of satisfaction from the smallest possible investment of time. People today want fast food, sound bytes and instant gratification. And they become upset when time is wasted.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal R

25、eadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “People talk about quality time. They want perfect moments,” says the Henley Centres Edwards. “If you take your kids to a movie and McDonalds and its not perfect, youve wasted an afternoon, and its a sense that youve lost something precious. If you lose so

26、me money you can earn some more, but if you waste time you can never get it back.” People are also trying to buy time. Anything that helps streamline our lives is a growth market. One example is what Americans call concierge services domestic help, childcare, gardening and decorating. And on-line re

27、tailers are seeing big increases in sales though not, as yet, profits.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life A third reaction to time famine has been the growth of the work-life debate. You hear more about people taking early retirement

28、or giving up high pressure jobs in favour of occupations with shorter working hours. And bodies such as Britains National Work-Life Forum have sprung up, urging employers to end the long-hours culture among managers and to adopt family-friendly working policies. The trouble with all these reactions

29、is that liberating time whether by making better use of it, buying it from others or reducing the amount spent at work is futile if the hours gained are immediately diverted to other purposes.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life As God

30、bey points out, the stress we feel arises not from a shortage of time, but from the surfeit of things we try to cram into it. “Its the kid in the candy store,” he says. “Theres just so many goodgood things to do. The array of choices is stunning. Our free time is increasing, but not as fast as our s

31、ense of the necessary.” A more successful remedy may lie in understanding the problem rather than evading it.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Before the industrial revolution, people lived in small communities with limited communic

32、ations. Within the confines of their village, they could reasonably expect to know everything that was to be known, see everything that was to be seen, and do everything that was to be done. Today, being curious by nature, we are still trying to do the same. But the global village is a world of limi

33、tless possibilities, and we can never achieve our aim.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life It is not more time we need: it is fewer desires. We need to switch off the cell-phone and leave the children to play by themselves. We need to

34、buy less, read less and travel less. We need to set boundaries for ourselves, or be doomed to mounting despair.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeThe trouble is, it delivered them. 1. What do “deliver” and “them” here refer to?“Delive

35、r” means to provide or to bring, “them” here refers to “horizons”.2. What does “trouble” imply?It implies the unfavorable effect of the invention of aircraft, that is, people, driven on by new horizons, would like to spend more time on time-consuming journeys. Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetai

36、led ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeNow, I find myself subscribing to 60 or 70 journals or magazines just to keep me up with what amounts to a minute proportion of the expanding frontiers of scholarship. 1. Paraphrase “the expanding frontiers of scholarship”.the ever-advanc

37、ing development in the new field of academy2. What is the purpose for the author to quote this sentence?The purpose is to give us a more vivid picture about the information explosion.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeSo we suffer fro

38、m what Wilson calls discontent with super abundance s the confusion of endless choice.1. What does “super abundance” refer to?It refers to the a quantity of goods and services.2. What can we infer from the sentence?The quantity of goods and services is too much, it is endless, and whats more, it inc

39、reases our time stress levels.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeIts almost got to the point where theres stress envy. 1. What does “stress envy” mean?If you are not stressed, that shows you are not very successful.2. Why does the aut

40、hor mention the “stress envy”?To make his argument comprehensive and more convincing, the author revealed the fact that not everyone is overstressed though 50 percent of unemployed or retired people tell you they never have enough time to get things done.3. Translate the sentence into Chinese.这几乎到了羡

41、慕压力的程度。这几乎到了羡慕压力的程度。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeThe gains, however, were unevenly distributed. 1. What does “the gains” refer to?“The gains” refers to the five hours a week Americans had gained as their free time.2. Translate t

42、he sentence into Chinese.但增加的时间分配得并不均匀。但增加的时间分配得并不均匀。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life1. What does “appalling” mean?“Appalling” means “amazing, surprising”.2. What can we learn from the sentence?The advances in household appliances

43、havent set women free from household chores.As a result, we see appalling inequalities in the distribution of free time between the sexes.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeOne is an attempt to gain the largest possible amount of sati

44、sfaction from the smallest possible investment of time. 1. Paraphrase the sentence.One reaction is trying to obtain the largest possible quantities of content by consuming time as little as possible.2. Give a few examples of this reaction.People today want fast food, sound bytes and instant gratific

45、ation. And they become upset when time is wasted.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeAnything that helps streamline our lives is a growth market. 2. Why is it “a growth market”?Because people are trying to buy time and you can definite

46、ly gain profits to help them “save” time.1. Translate the sentence into Chinese.任何能帮助我们提高生活效率的事物都有越做越大的市任何能帮助我们提高生活效率的事物都有越做越大的市场。场。Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeAs Godbey points out, the stress we feel arises not from a shortage

47、 of time, but from the surfeit of things we try to cram into it. We are not lacking in time. Actually it is our ever-increasing desires that make us feel time-starved. Paraphrase the part of the sentence after “point out”.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore Reading

48、Unit 6 The Pace of Lifequantities of: a large amount of The key to staying healthy and strong when backpacking(挑运挑运) is to eat large quantities of energy-rich foods. 在寒冷的冬天，大部分动物必须通过吃大量的食物来在寒冷的冬天，大部分动物必须通过吃大量的食物来获得维持正常生命活动的能量。获得维持正常生命活动的能量。In cold weather most animals must eat large quantities of fo

49、od to obtain the energy needed to carry on normal body activities. Collocation: a large quantity of大量的大量的Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Lifeeat into: gradually reduce the amount of (sth. valuable); damage or destroy Acid eats into the

50、 metal, damaging its surface.His extravagances ate into his inheritances.Collocation: eat out of吃光吃光Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Lifein reality: in actual fact; really He became that countrys ruler both in name and reality.Some famo