《瓦尔登湖》赏析ppt课件.ppt

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1、After reading the section of solitudewhen I finished reading this section, there are two sentences impressed me most. One is “A man is rich in proportion to the number of things which he can afford to let alone.” The other is “As long as possible, live free and uncommitted. It makes but little diffe

2、rence whether you are committed to a farm or the country jail.” What the two sentences reflect also can be seen from the section. The author Henry David Thoreau showed us a peaceful scene, in which human beings and the nature are perfectly stumbled. The author expects to find a forever new and unpro

3、faned part of the universe to live. Whats more, he also pursues a free and uncommitted life both at a physical level and at a spiritual level. Just as the author mentioned in the passage “The Independence Day, the Fourth of July, 1845 is the day on which he began to stay in word.”By showing the begi

4、nning of his uncommitted life, the author also implies that people in the world should leave their regular local region to another new one in order to experience the other style of life. A life which will not be restricted with secular, utility and ambition, but only a relaxing enjoyable, free heart

5、 going nearer and nearer to the nature. This is just what the second sentence wants to tell us. The sentence: “a man is rich in proportion to the number of things which he can afford to let alone” tells that a man should not think a lot of what he gains and what he losses. If he gains, be happy. If

6、he losses, let it gone. Then he may find everything he gains turn out to be Gods gifts and much more precious than before. A man who is always worrying about losing something owned nothing at last, because he regards everything as his own, then its not enough for him even he owns the whole world. Ab

7、ove all. Its not necessary to do everything following some so called avant-gardes, or just in order to object to the mainstream. What we should do, also the most difficult thing is being and persists in being ourselves. Be honest to ourselves and be uncommitted!Walden was published around 1854, duri

8、ng the reign of the transcendentalists; in fact, Henry David Thoreau, the books author, was a member of the movement. If transcendentalism were around today, we would probably call its followers: new-age folk, hippies, or nonconformists. In fact, much of what transcendentalism stood for back then is

9、 still alive and well today.Many people know Thoreau from his 1849 essay Resistance to Civil Government, better known as Civil Disobedience. During the 1840s, Thoreau was imprisoned for refusing to pay taxes for a cause he didnt agree with. (In those days, taxes were collected separately by tax coll

10、ectors who came to your door, as opposed to the modern income tax.) Although a friend of his paid the tax for him, enabling him to be released from jail, Thoreau maintained in his essay that he had no obligation to support an action of government that he did not agree with.Walden is written in much

11、the same spirit. Thoreau cared as little for societys ills as he did for the government. He firmly believed that most of lifes expenses were unnecessary, and therefore so too was the labor a man put into earning enough money to buy them. In order to prove his claims, he went into the woods and lived

12、 as simply and as inexpensively as he encouraged others to do. Walden is the written record of his experiment.The first several chapters of Walden are the most interesting, as it is in these that Thoreau lays out his case. His sarcasm and wit amuses the reader as he rails against the frivolity of ne

13、w clothes, expensive houses, polite company, and meaty diets.One of Thoreaus chief arguments in Walden is that men wouldnt have to work for a living (and Thoreau clearly detests work) if they lived more simply. To that end, Thoreau built a house for under thirty dollars during a time when the averag

14、e house (according to the first chapter of Walden) cost around $800, bought one cheap suit of clothes, and planted a crop of beans.For two years Thoreau lived in that house. He spend time cultivating his beans and other crops, making bread, and fishing. With his house paid for and his food in good s

15、upply, he swam in Walden Pond, walked in the adjoining woods, wrote, daydreamed, reflected, and rarely visited the town.The Real Story: WaldenOf course, Thoreau fails to point out an important element of his situation. He moved to Walden Pond because Ralph Waldo Emerson (one of his good friends and

16、fellow transcendentalist writers) owned Walden Pond and the surrounding land. In a different situation, Thoreaus experiment might have been cut short.Even so, Walden is a valuable lesson for readers. If you are anything like me, youll read the book while sitting in a comfortable chair, and wearing f

17、ashionable clothes. You probably have a job to pay for all these things, and you may even complain about said job from time to time. If that sounds like you, youll probably drink up Thoreaus words. You may wish that you could free yourself from societys constraints. 瓦尔登湖片段欣赏：瓦尔登湖片段欣赏：Ah, the pickere

18、l of Walden! when I see them lying on the ice, orin the well which the fisherman cuts in the ice, making a littlehole to admit the water, I am always surprised by their rare beauty,as if they were fabulous fishes, they are so foreign to the streets,even to the woods, foreign as Arabia to our Concord

19、 life. They possessa quite dazzling and transcendent beauty which separates them by awide interval from the cadaverous cod and haddock whose fame istrumpeted in our streets. They are not green like the pines, norgray like the stones, nor blue like the sky; but they have, to myeyes, if possible, yet

20、rarer colors, like flowers and precious stones,as if they were the pearls, the animalized nuclei or crystals of theWalden water. 字里行间透着欣喜之情，赞美之情，我们字里行间透着欣喜之情，赞美之情，我们能深切的感受到作者进入了大自然的灵魂。能深切的感受到作者进入了大自然的灵魂。 写鱼的美，未用任何华丽的词藻，朴实的写鱼的美，未用任何华丽的词藻，朴实的文风再次显露了作者的真诚。文风再次显露了作者的真诚。When this bar is gradually increas

21、ed by storms, tides, or currents, or thereis a subsidence of the waters, so that it reaches to the surface, thatwhich was at first but an inclination in the shore in which athought was harbored becomes an individual lake, cut off from theocean, wherein the thought secures its own conditions- changes

22、,perhaps, from salt to fresh, becomes a sweet sea, dead sea, or amarsh. At the advent of each individual into this life, may we notsuppose that such a bar has risen to the surface somewhere? It istrue, we are such poor navigators that our thoughts, for the mostpart, stand off and on upon a harborles

23、s coast, are conversant onlywith the bights of the bays of poesy, or steer for the public ports ofentry, and go into the dry docks of science, where they merely refitfor this world, and no natural currents concur to individualize them. 作者从对自然的感悟上升到对人的感悟。作者从对自然的感悟上升到对人的感悟。 面对自然人的认知和存在是何等的渺小，面对自然人的认知和

24、存在是何等的渺小，只有通过自然，靠近自然，才能变得明智，只有通过自然，靠近自然，才能变得明智，有价值。再次体现了有价值。再次体现了“超验主义，自然是超验主义，自然是“圣灵圣灵”的化身，崇拜自然的感情强烈，的化身，崇拜自然的感情强烈，深刻。深刻。” 当今类似“超验主义”和梭罗文章写法的作品： 宫崎骏幽灵公主中，森林中的生物因为贴近自然而有了神性，人类为发展自己与森林之争的结局，说明了人类的自大渺小和可悲，而贴近自然向往自然的主人公却拥有着幸福的结局。 “art of travel”类似梭罗，发现，旅行中而感悟旅程，感悟生活。我的感悟 Thoreau also mentions that the

25、noise in the town and the whistle of train disturb the quite life of the town. However, in the woods life is quite. When he lives in the woods, he can listen to animals sounds such as birds singing, owls hooting, cockerels crowing etc. He lives with animals friendly. He also describes the Walden Pon

26、d. The water, blue and green, clear and pure, freezes in winter and melts in spring. When I was reading Walden, I felt that I was listening to a wise mans talking. The words and phrases about the nature especially the Walden Pond are beautiful and fascinating. The sentences are full of wisdom and ph

27、ilosophy.Reading this book reminds me of those people who work hard to earn money, waste lots of money to buy luxury and expensive things, waste time to entertain themselves. In my point of view, they may easily lose themselves, and though their bodies are full, their minds are hungry. The real life

28、 is to make every complicate thing to be simple and enrich our heart and soul. In a word, just simplicity 、simplicity and simplicity! Last but not least, I envy Thoreau so much for he lives in such a beautiful and comfortable nature environment. He can breathe the fresh air, live with wild animal fr

29、iendly; appreciate the scenery of Walden Pond etc. While in modern society, people pursuit their own interests to hunt and kill animals, cut down trees and pollute the rivers and so on. As a result, the number of wildlife is decreasing, the area of lake is shrinking, and the water is not pure any more. The environment problems such as globe warming, climate change and air and water pollution have been becoming increasingly serious. Reading this book makes me be aware of protecting the environment to realize the harmony between human and nature.