2022年高中英语语法导学教案全套及配套练习 .pdf

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1、学习好资料欢迎下载高中英语语法导学教案( 全套 ) 及配套练习高中英语语法教案全套及配套练习1. 名词名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词, 专有名词是某个 (些) 人, 地方 , 机构等专有的名称 , 如 Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词 , 如:book,sadness 等。普通名词又可分为下面四类: 1) 个体名词 : 表示某类人或东西中的个体, 如:gun 。 2) 集体名词 : 表示若干个个体组成的集合体, 如:family。 3) 物质名词 : 表示无法分为个体的实物, 如:air 。 4) 抽象名词 : 表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,

2、如:work 。个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算, 称为可数名词 , 物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算 , 称为不可数名词。归纳一下, 名词的分类可以下图表示: 名词 专有名词不可数名词普通名词物质名词抽象名词集体名词可数名词个体名词1.1 名词复数的规则变化情况 构成方法读音 例词名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载一般情况加 -s 清辅音后读 /s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读

3、/z/ bag-bags /car-cars 以 s, sh, ch, x等结尾 加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches 以 ce, se, ze,等结尾 加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 以辅音字母 +y结尾 变 y 为 i 再加 es 读 /z/ baby-babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化1) 以y 结尾的专有名词 , 或元音字母 +y 结尾的名词变复数时 , 直接加 s变复数。例如 : two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays 2) 以 o 结尾的名词

4、, 变复数时 : a. 加 s, 如: photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos; b. 加 es, 如:potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes c. 上述 a 和 b 两种方法均可 , 如 zero-zeros / zeroes。3) 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变复数时 : a. 加 s, 如: belief-beliefs roof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs; b. 去 f,fe 加 ves, 如:half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves wolf-

5、wolves wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves; c. 上 述 a 和 b 两 种 方 法 均 可 , 如 handkerchief: handkerchiefs / 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载handkerchieves 。1.3 名词复数的不规则变化1) child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mic

6、e man-men woman-women 注意: 由一个词加 man 或 woman 构成的合成词 , 其复数形式也是 -men 和-women,如 an Englishman,two Englishmen。但 German不是合成词 , 故复数形式为 Germans;Bowman 是姓, 其复数是 the Bowmans。2) 单复同形 , 如 deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外, 美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如 :a dollar, two dolla

7、rs; a meter, two meters。3)集体名词 , 以单数形式出现 , 但实为复数。例如 : people police cattle 等本身就是复数, 不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle, the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese,the Swiss 等名词 , 表示国民总称时 , 作复数用 , 如 The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇

8、敢的。4) 以 s 结尾, 仍为单数的名词 , 如: a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词 , 一般是不可数名词 , 为单数。b. news 为不可数名词。c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是 1945 年组建起来的。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - -

9、 - - 学习好资料欢迎下载d. 以复数形式出现的书名 , 剧名, 报纸, 杂志名 , 也可视为单数。例如 : The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book. 一千零一夜是一本非常有趣的故事书。5) 表示由两部分构成的东西, 如:glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes等,若表达具体数目 , 要借助数量词 pair(对, 双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。6) 另外还有一些名词, 其复数形式有时可表示特别意思, 如 :goods货物,wate

10、rs 水域,fishes(各种) 鱼。1.4 不可数名词量的表示1)物质名词a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。比较:Cake is a kind of food. 蛋糕是一种食物。 ( 不可数 ) These cakes are sweet. 这些蛋糕很好吃。 ( 可数) b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时, 可数。例如 : This factory produces steel. (不可数 ) We need various steels. (可数) c. 当物质名词表示份数时 , 可数。例如 : Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。Two

11、teas, please. 请来两杯茶。2) 抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如: four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量, 如 a glass of water 一名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载杯水/ a piece of advice 一则建议。5. 定语名词的复数名词作定语一般用单数

12、, 但也有以下例外。1 用复数作定语。例如 : sports meeting 运动会 students reading-room 学生阅览室 talks table 谈判桌 the foreign languages department 外语系2) man, woman, gentleman等作定语时 , 其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如 : men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3) 有些原有 s 结尾的名词 , 作定语时 ,s 保留。例如 : goods train (货车) arms produce 武器生产 custom

13、s papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷4) 数词+名词作定语时 , 这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如: two-dozen eggs 两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan. 一个五年计划1.6 不同国籍人的单复数国籍 总称( 谓语用复数 ) 单数 复数中国人 the Chinese a Chinese two Chinese 瑞士人 the Swiss a Swiss two Swiss 澳大利亚人 the Australians an Australian two Australi

14、ans 俄国人 the Russians a Russian two Russians 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载意大利人 the Italians an Italian two Italians 希腊人 the Greek a Greek two Greeks 法国人 the French a Frenchman two Frenchmen 日本人 the Japanese a Jap

15、anese two Japanese 美国人 the Americans an American two Americans 印度人 the Indians an Indian two Indians 加拿大人 the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians 德国人 the Germans a Germans two Germans 英国人 the English an Englishman two Englishmen 瑞典人 the Swedish a Swede two Swedes 1.7 名词的格英语中有些名词可以加s来表示所有关系 , 带这种词尾的名词

16、形式称为该名词的所有格 , 如:a teachers book。名词所有格的规则如下 : 1) 单数名词词尾加 s,复数名词词尾没有s, 也要加 s,如 the boys bag 男孩的书包 ,mens room 男厕所。2) 若名词已有复数词尾 -s , 只加 ,如:the workers struggle 工人的斗争。3) 凡不能加 s的名词 , 都可以用 名词 +of + 名词 的结构来表示所有关系 , 如:the title of the song 歌的名字。4) 在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时, 名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词 , 如:the barbers 理发店。5

17、) 如果两个名词并列 , 并且分别有 s,则表示 分别有; 只有一个 s,则名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载表示 共有 。例如 : Johns and Marys rooms(两间) John and Marys room(一间) 6) 复合名词或短语 ,s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例如:a month or twos absence 1.8 练习1. He was eager to make

18、some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live on his_a. little wage b. few wage c. wage d. wages 2. Most of the houses in the village were burnt to _ during the wara. an ash b. the ash c. ash d. ashes 3. The students at colleges or universities are making _ for the coming New Yeara

19、.many preparations b. much preparation c. preparations d. preparation 4. Painting in _ is one of their spare-time activitiesa. oil b. an oil c. oils d. the oil 5. In the view of the foreign experts, there wasn t _ oil herea. much b. lots of c. a great deal of d. many 6. The large houses are being pa

20、inted, but _a. of great expense b. at a great expense c. in a lot of expenses d. by high expense 7. The room was small and contained far too _a.much new furniture c. much new furnitures b.many new furniture d. many new furnitures 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - -

21、- - - - 第 7 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载8. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the _a. rooms number b. room number c. rooms numbers d. room numbers 9puters can do _ work in a short time, but a man can not do _ by himselfa great manymany c. mucha great de

22、al b. a great deal ofmuch d. manya great many 10. She didn t know _ he had been givena. how many information c. how many informations b. the number of information d. how much information 11. He invited all of his _ to join his wedding partya. comrade-in-arms c. comrades-in-arm b. comrades-in-arms d.

23、 comrade-in-arm 12. All the _ in the hospital got a rise last montha. women doctors c. woman doctors b. women doctor d. woman doctor 13.After ten years, all these youngsters became_a. growns-ups c. growns-up b. grown-up d. grown-ups 14.The police investigated those _ about the accidenta. stander-by

24、c. standers-by b. stander-bys d. standers-bys 15.The Nazi kept those _ in their concentration 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载campa.prisoner-of-wars c. prisoners-of-war b.prisoners-of-wars d. prisoner-of-war 16.The

25、 manager was greatly appreciate that _ made by Linda latelya. new reel b. news reel c. new-reels d. news reels 17.Marys dress is similar in appearance to her _a. elder sister b. elder sisters c. elder sisters d. elder sisters dress 18.All the people at the conference are _a. mathematic teachers c. m

26、athematics teacher b.mathematics teachers d. mathematic s teachers 19.Professor Mackay told us that _ of lead are its softness and its resistancea. some property c. properties b. some properties d. property 20.Physics _ with matter and motiona. deal b. deals c. dealing d. are 21.He has written sever

27、al books, but his last works _ well known among his friendsa. have b. have been c. is d. are 22.After he checked up my _ heart, the doctor advised him to rest for a few daysa. father-in-laws c. fathers -in-law b. father-in-law d. fathers -in- laws 23.He told me _ would come to his birthday partya. m

28、any Jack friends c. many Jacks friend b. Jack s many friends d. many friends of Jacks 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载24.I had my hair cut at the _ around the cornera.barber b. barbers c. barbers d. barbers 25.Yest

29、erday evening we had a lovely evening at _a. Peter and Helens c. Peter and Helen b. Peter and Helens d. Peters and Helen s 26._ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the suns energya. The earths surface c. The surface of earth b. The surface earth d. The earth surface 27.Numerous mate

30、rials are available to _a. today of designers c. today s of designers b. today s designers d. today designers 28.Why did you speak to Peter that way? Dont you know he is an old friend of _a. my brother b. my brothers c. my brothers d. my brother s friend 29._ is a well-informed man. He can tell you

31、anything you want to knowa. This Johns old friend c. Thats Jahn s old friend b. This old friend of John d. This old friend of Johns 30._ is too much for a little boy to carrya.A bike s weight c. The weight of a bike b.The weights of a bike d. Biles weight 31.Generally there are _ television programs

32、 for children on Saturdaya.little b. much c. a large number of d. a large amount of 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载32.When they got to the lecture-room, there were _ lefta.only few seats b. a very few seats c. on

33、ly a few seats d. so a few seats 33._ travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelopea. A little mail b. A piece of mail c. A mail d. A small mail 34.The Department purchased _ to improve the working conditions therea. a new equipment c. new equipments b. a new piece of equipment d. ne

34、w pieces of equipments 35.The boy tried hard but there has been _ in his worka.little improvement c. many improvements b. a little improvement d. few improvements 36.Todays modern TV cameras require _ light as compared with the earlier modelsa. only a few b. only few c. only a little d. only little

35、37.No country can afford to neglect _a.an education b. educations c. education d. the education 38.Please write the answers to the questions at the end of _a. eighth chapter b. chapter eight c. eight chapter d. chapter the eight 39._ is only surpassed by that of monkeys and apes a.The intelligent do

36、g c. The intelligence of dogs b.The dogs whose intelligence d. The dogs being intelligent 40.All _ must take the graduate Management Admission Testa. business student b. business s students c. business students d. business s student 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - -

37、 - - - - - 第 11 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载41._ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourselfa.Three minutes call c. A three-minutes call b.Three-minute call d. A three-minute call 42.The _ about nuclear energy revolves around the waste problema.publics ch

38、ief concern c. chief public concern b.public chief concern d. chief concern of publics 43._ the first and largest ethnic group to work on the construction of the transcontinental railroada. Chinese were b. The Chinese was c. Chinese was d. The Chinese were 44._ can get a better view of the game than

39、 the participantsa.Looker-on b. Lookers-on c. Looker-ons c. Lookers-ons 45.A group of spectators was dispersed by the police who _ at the scene of the accidents within minutesa. were b. have been c. was d. has been 46.Our livestock _ not as numerous as they used to bea.is b. are c. be d. been 47.One

40、 of the most surprising things is that _ may come from petroleuma. much of tomorrow food c. many of tomorrow s food b. much of the food of tomorrow d. much of tomorrows food 48.Scott is an orphan but he received _a.very good education c. a very good education b.very good educations d. many good educ

41、ations 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载49.After several days hardworking, we have made _ on the designa. much improvement c. many improvement b. several improvements d. some improvement 50.The boy was very happy t

42、hat his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a _ yesterdaya.shoes shop b. shoe shop c. shoess shop d. shoes 51.Eggs, though nourishing, have _ of fat contenta.large number b. a large number c. a high amount d. the high amount 52.He has done some _ on that subject from various angles over the pas

43、t ten yearsa.research b. a research c. researches d. the researches 53.Recently, he has lost all his _a.wage and saving at card c. wages and saving at card b.wages and savings at card d. wages and savings at cards 54.The country s wealth comes chiefly from its many _a.herd of cattle b. heard of catt

44、les c. herds of cattle d. herds of cattles 55.In Britain the _ are all painted reda.letter boxes b. letters box c. letters boxes d. letterss box 56.Ten years had passed. I found she had _a.a little white hair c. a few white hair b.some white hair d. much white hair 57.All his _ far from satisfaction

45、 a. conduct is b. conduct are c. conducts is d. conducts will be 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载58.Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times, _ was donea. a few damages b. few damages c. litt

46、le damage d. a little damage 59.He was _ what to doa. at his wit end b. at his wits end c. at his wits end d. at his witss end 60.Would you like to have a cup of tea and _ with mea two toasts b. two pieces of toast c. two piece of toasts d. tow pieces of toasts 61.Accurate _ covering the fact are no

47、t obtainablea. datum b. datums c. data d. datas 62.On Monday morning some teachers exchanged a few _a. how-are-yous c. how-are-yous b. of how-are-yous d. of how are you 63.Albert said he met the girl _ a. at his uncles Smith room c. at his uncle Smiths room b. at Smiths his uncles room d. at the roo

48、m of his uncles Smiths 64.It is four months since I last saw Keats _a. at Mrt Smiths ,the book seller c. at my aunts, a book seller b. at my aunts, Mrs Palmers d. at Mrs Palmers, the book seller s 65.This room is _a. the editors-in- chief s office c. the editor-in-chief s office b. the editor-in-chi

49、ef office d. the editors -in-chief office 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 学习好资料欢迎下载66.My old classmate, Comrade Sun ,works at _a. a teacher college c. a teachers college b. a teacherss college d. a college of a teachers 67

50、.The policemen put the criminal _a. in a iron b. into a iron c. in irons d. into a pair of iron 68.Our teacher gave me _a. an advice b. the advice c. many advice d. much advice 69.My mother cut the cloth with _ scissorsa. a b. two c. a couple of d. a pair of 70.My house is within _ from the railway