精神卫生宣传知识.docx

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1、精神卫生宣传知识精神卫生宣传知识 精神卫生宣传知识 精神卫生知识? 一、健康与心理咨询 健康不仅仅是没有疾病或虚弱，而是一种生理、心理和社会适应的完好状态。? 精神健康是健康不可缺少的一部分，没有躯体疾病不代表精神健康。每个人不仅需要身体健康，也需要精神健康。? 精神健康，又称心理健康，是指个体能够恰当地评价自己、应对日常生活中的压力、有效率地工作和学习、对家庭和社会有所贡献的一种良好状态。主要包括以下特征：智力正常；情绪稳定、心情愉快；自我意识良好；思维与行为协调统一；人际关系融洽；适应能力良好。? 心理咨询：是指来访者与心理咨询师之间，就来访者提出的问题和要求进行共同分析、研究和讨论，找出

2、问题的所在，经过心理咨询师的启发和指导，找出解决问题的方法，以克服情绪障碍，恢复与社会环境的协调适应能力，维护身心健康。? 现代心理咨询：从对正常人的指导和帮助到对心理疾病病人的心理治疗，其中涉及教育辅导、心理健康咨询、婚姻家庭咨询、合理用药指导等各个方面。? 近二十年来，国内都市化的发展和社会生活节奏的加快，以及流动人口的增加，人与人之间的交往越来越肤浅，缺乏深入的交往和感情交流，传统意义上的人情味越来越淡。其结果是，传统意义上的来自家属的社会支持网络大大减弱，人们遇到心理问题便不得不求助于 心理咨询人员。? 在一些经济不发达的文化水平低的地区，人们对心理咨询的认识还很不够。他们认为：生病就

3、该吃药，就该动手术来解决。如果对他们说谈话也能治病，他们会视为天方夜谭。只有文化水平和物质文明发展到一定程度时，人们才能逐渐理解心理因素和生物因素一样，能作用于疾病的发生和预后。? 精神卫生问题，又称心理卫生问题。精神卫生问题的存在是一种非常普遍的现象，许多人都会存在精神卫生问题，自己可能意识不到。?精神疾病，又称精神障碍，是指精神活动出现异常，产生精神症状，达到一定的严重程度，并且达到足够的频度或持续时间，使患者的社会生活、个人生活能力受到损害，造成主观痛苦的一种疾病状态。?根据国际疾病分类标准，精神疾病包括十大类近400种。轻性精神障碍可能仅仅是心烦、失眠、情绪不稳等神经症样的患病率为，而

4、重性精神障碍精神分裂症、情感性精神障碍等患病率为，表现则言行失常，殃及社会。? 二、精神健康和精神疾病与躯体健康和躯体疾病一样，是由多个相互作用的生物、心理和社会因素决定的。? 影响精神疾病发生的生物学因素包括年龄、性别、遗传、产前产后的发育情况、躯体疾病和成瘾物质等。如有精神疾病家族史的人要比没有精神疾病家族史的人容易患精神疾病。精神疾病和躯体疾病相互影响，精神疾病会加重躯体疾病，患有躯体疾病也会增加患精神疾病的危险性。 影响精神疾病发生的心理因素包括人的个性特征、对事物的看法、应对方式和情绪特点等。如心理负担过重、对各种生活事件的心理反应大，均可能诱发精神疾病。? 影响精神疾病发生的社会因

5、素包括生活中的各种大事、意外事件和不良事件、家庭和社会的支持、文化、环境等。如天灾人祸、亲人亡故、工作或学业受挫、婚姻危机、失恋等重大生活事件是诱发精神疾病的重要社会因素。? 生物、心理和社会因素以及它们之间的相互作用，影响着人生的各个阶段。各因素之间的良性作用是精神健康的保护因素，反之则是精神疾病发生的危险因素。当危险因素作用达到一定程度，会导致精神疾病的发生；而通过消除危险因素、加强保护因素可以预防精神疾病的发生，促进精神健康。? 三、每个人在一生中都会遇到各种精神卫生问题，重视和维护自身的精神健康是非常必要的。? 婴幼儿常见的精神卫生问题，有养育方式不当所带来的心理发育问题，如言语发育不

6、良、交往能力和情绪行为控制差。家长多与孩子进行情感、语言和身体的交流，培养孩子良好的生活行为习惯，是避免婴幼儿精神卫生问题发生的可行方法。? 学龄前儿童常见的精神卫生问题，有难以离开家长、与小伙伴相处困难。处理不好，易发生拒绝上幼儿园以及在小朋友中孤僻、不合群等问题。鼓励与小伙伴一起游戏、分享情感，培养孩子的独立与合作能力，是避免学龄前儿童精神卫生问题发生的可行方 法。? 学龄儿童和青少年常见的精神卫生问题，有学习问题、人际交往问题、情绪问题、性心理发展问题、行为问题、网络成瘾、吸烟、饮酒、接触毒品、过度追星、过度节食、厌食和贪食等。调节学习压力、学会情感交流、增强社会适应能力、培养兴趣爱好，

7、是避免学龄儿童和青少年精神卫生问题发生的可行方法。? 中青年常见的精神卫生问题，有与工作相关的问题，如工作环境适应不良、人际关系紧张、就业和工作压力等带来的问题；与家庭相关的问题，如婚姻危机、家庭关系紧张、子女教育问题。构建良好的人际支持网络，学会主动寻求帮助和张弛有度地生活，发展兴趣爱好，是避免中青年精神卫生问题发生的可行方法。? 中老年常见的精神卫生问题，有退休、与子女关系、空巢、家庭婚姻变故、躯体疾病等带来的适应与情感问题。接受由于年龄增大带来的生理变化，建立新的人际交往圈，多参加社区和社会活动，学习新知识，拓展兴趣爱好，是避免中老年精神卫生问题发生的可行方法。? 各类自然灾害、人为事故

8、、交通意外、暴力事件等，除直接影响人们的正常生活外，还会引起明显的心理痛苦，严重的可引起精神障碍。认识突发事件带来的心理变化，积极寻求心理支持和救助，是避免突发事件导致的精神卫生问题的可行方法。? mplement the Scientific Outlook on Development based XX youth career development planning in accordance with the 11th Five-Year , building a first-class team, with first-class team. First-class perform

9、ance, the overall requirements of first-class image of the tree , focusing on human services, standardized management, work fine, first-class achievements , give full play to staff assistant, supervision and inspection, comprehensive coordination, service guarantee, focus on the global and group wor

10、k of the Communist Youth League in the city Municipal Party Central work, and strive to improve the decision-making ability, comprehensive coordination ability, writing ability, supervision ability, logistics ability, innovation ability, continuously consolidate and maintain the education on Party m

11、embersadvancement activities and enhance awareness of the Communist Youth League education achievements, and vigorously promote the construction of civilization advanced units, units and staff home building activities, balanced, focused, pragmatic, innovation, high standard, high quality, high level

12、, high efficiency to complete various tasks throughout the year.First, pay close attention to research information, efforts to improve decision-making servicesIn accordance with the information reflect the information, promote the work of information leading work requirements, adhere to grasp the te

13、am construction, mechanism construction and quantitative assessment, give full play to the assistant role of leadership, actively promote the innovation of research information development, and vigorously promote the research work of information to mention upgrading, efforts to improve the ability a

14、nd level of decision-making.(a) adhere to the decision in the first place. To make the decision service as the focus of the work, participate in the point, and in the key place, in order to promote the democratization of decision-making, scientific advice. Based on the citys youth career 11th Five-Y

15、ear good bureau and the Communist Youth League work across the development, focus on the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development theory and practice subject adolescents and youth work process of building a socialist harmonious society, pay close attention to the global, strategic, forwar

16、d-looking major problems, grasp the overall situation, pay attention to plan and implement the specific tasks assigned by the leadership from the overall situation, think ahead on major issues concerning the overall situation, in-depth Study, grasp the dynamic, put forward suggestions, reflect in ti

17、me.(two) adhere to the investigation. As an important way to firmly grasp the important link of scientific and democratic decision-making, focus on key leadership concern, concern and hot points of youth practice work, adhere to the practice to investigate and research, fully and accurately grasp th

18、e actual situation, for the leadership decision-making comes from practice, practical to provide first-hand information. To enhance the initiative, according to municipal Party committee leadership activities, week activities, in the research make great efforts to provide more targeted for leadershi

19、p, predictability and effectiveness of comments and suggestions.(three) adhere to the information planning as an important means of expanding. The sources of information, through the network, the media and other channels, increase integration efforts the work of the Communist Youth League and youth

20、information dynamic information resources, increase the information planning efforts to refine the Communist Youth League, and give full play to the role of information reference, to improve the quality of information as a fundamental, outstanding information work sensitivity and timeliness, timely,

21、 accurately, comprehensively reflect the municipal Party committee, municipal government, the Central Committee of the implementation of a major deployment, leadership attention, hot and difficult issues of concern to the masses and some important emergencies, timely provide all kinds of deep and va

22、luable component of the following information. Continue to deepen the information research and information feedback system, information report system, information reporting system, information delivery system and information notification system, and constantly improve the information work of the ass

23、essment, incentive mechanism, improve the long-term mechanism to improve the information work of sustainable development.Two, pay close attention to contact and communication, efforts to improve the ability of comprehensive coordinationGive full play to a contact, pivotal role, coordination of the p

24、arties in accordance with the standard, efficient, high quality principles, firmly establish the principle of service, and effectively improve the level of policy theory, grasp the method of coordinating work, conscientiously do service leadership, service and Service Corps cadres.(a) do to actively

25、 carry out coordination. Upstream municipal Party committee, municipal government work report, and the central mission to understand, grasp the key ideas and working organs, targeted focus on reporting the work of mission, to focus on the citys superior league, major activities, attention, support a

26、nd help.(two) do parallel coordination. To strengthen the contact and communication with the municipal departments, actively seek for the work of care, support, optimize the external environment. To strengthen the group work of the Communist Youth League and other provinces and cities, to grasp the

27、work around the dynamic, active learning around the work experience, the effective integration of resources within the group, and the Communist Youth League career development.(three) earnestly grassroots coordination. Further increase communication efforts, strengthen the organizations at various l

28、evels to guide the work of the office and communication, to ensure the situation, reported lower levels of strength, and strive to the grassroots, inspired by the basic spirit of innovation, the formation of good ability of the league office work.Three, pay close attention to the quality of official

29、 documents, efforts to improve the ability to deal with textAdhere to high standards, strict requirements, careful attention to the drafting of the draft work, strict document drafting, audit clearance, proof reading and quality control, and strive to improve the ability to deal with the text, and t

30、he overall work of the service center.(a) earnestly. To further establish the draft document presentation system research, adhere to the practice, especially the drafting of important days and months multiplying, concentrating on the presentation of the research, understand the situation the situati

31、on, fully understand the intention of the leadership, to ensure the output, quality, and constantly improve the quality of manuscript. A manuscript quality appraisal system, the implementation of quantitative assessment, each quarter the comparison of office draft manuscript quality. Establish a rew

32、ard system to reward the outstanding manuscript selection out, the wrong investigated persons responsible for the major errors.(two) strict master document quality. Strengthening document quality awareness, efforts in the drafting of documents, audit checks, printed all aspects of efforts, strict po

33、licy documents audit, content, format and procedures, adhere to the upper and lower check, and check before and after the check, ensure the document style format in the understanding of leadership intentions in place, ideas in the language in place, and strive to improve the quality of various docum

34、ents.(three) a comprehensive specification document operation. To further standardize the document transfer procedures, emphasizing the precision in document processing, in strict accordance with the operating procedures document sign, registration, approval, distribution, handling, repaying, filing

35、, ensure the document processing standard, accurate, and efficient. Especially to strict dispatch, strict audit document content. Strictly implement the document procedures step by step Shenqian, strict and unified file format, to ensure the normative document. Further the implementation of electron

36、ic document processing mode, the full implementation of OA office system, efforts to improve the work efficiency.Four, pay close attention to the work of supervision, efforts to improve the executive abilityThe citys major issues and focus on the overall work of the Communist Youth League to carry o

37、ut supervision and inspection, insist on the idea, the handling of the key, efforts to promote the implementation of decisions, to ensure that government decrees.(a) on the center of focus on supervision. In accordance with the grasp the overall situation, focused, practical, quantitative refinement

38、 principle, conscientiously fulfill the supervision function, focusing on the important deployment, major decisions of the party will, secretarys office, department heads meeting agreed matters assigned by the leadership group, the book down and do the important matters and the regiment the key work

39、 to focus on supervision, to ensure that the inspection item piece is an echo, everything in the bag, to promote the work carried out smoothly.(two) grasp the key special supervision. According to different periods of work needs, focus on leadership, social concern, hot and difficult problem of yout

40、h reflects the implementation of regular and dynamic supervision of special work assigned by the leadership of the special work of tracking supervision, regularly held the Department responsible for the regular inspection work carried out inspection stage. Check or the implementation of the work, to

41、 the work of the special supervision and implementation.(three) innovative ways to promote the supervision. To further improve the effectiveness of supervision and inspection work, really play a role in promoting the implementation work. To further improve and perfect the supervision report system,

42、inspection notification system, regularly carry out random checks of the supervision matters, to highlight the effectiveness of the inspection work, to effectively promote the work carried out.Five, pay close attention to daily management, efforts to improve logistical support capacityAccording to d

43、o great things, do small things, start from the details; General requirements from the overall situation, pay close attention to daily management, enhance the foresight and initiative work, do the work of early preparation, program cost fine plan, artful arrangement, high quality services.(a) furthe

44、r strengthen the authority of hardware construction. Combined with the three hit work, to further promote the party organ culture construction, and actively carry out party building advanced units, units of civilization, to create the homes of the workers, further standardize internal office conditi

45、ons, perfect decoration authorities canteen, strengthening the Office building management, further improve the authority office environment.(two) to further strengthen the organization system construction. The implementation of the municipal Party committee of various rules and regulations, in accor

46、dance with the norms of management, efficient principle, perfect all kinds of meetings, document processing, logistics system, perfect a set of scientific and reasonable comprehensive coverage, the rules of the system. To strengthen the day-to-day management work, continuously enhance the rigor and

47、the scientific management, according to the requirements of task decomposition, refinement of quantitative indicators, realize the work determination, work process standardization, work system, to promote the daily work efficient and orderly operation.(three) to further strengthen the fine financial

48、 management authority. Hold on to open source, to further increase funding for efforts, multi-channel for funding, strengthen the overall financial institutions. The authorities adhere to grasp the throttle, vehicle maintenance, major conference activities, network maintenance and other major expend

49、iture to implement the budget control at the beginning of the year, authorities to strictly implement the financial management system, do a good job the pre final accounts, financial institutions, financial analysis and financial statements related. Adhere to the financial reporting system, improve the