高考英语复习 非谓语动词作定语的用法.ppt

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1、非谓语动词作定语的用法,2015.11,一、考点透视 考纲定位和能力要求: 掌握动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词作定语时的区别 知识内涵： 非谓语动词在句中可以充当定语，修饰一个名词或代词 具体用法如下：,（一）动词不定式作定语 1）The car to be bought is for his sister . He is always the first to come and the last to leave He was the best man to do the job . 3) Do you have the ability to read and write in Englis

2、h ?,表示将来,被修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有 ability chance idea fact attempt belief way promise 等。,修饰序数词或形容词的最高级时,主意事项 1、不定式作定语永远放在所修饰词的后面。 2、不定式和它前面所修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾 关系，又和主语构成逻辑上的主动关系时，不定式常用主动形式。 例如 1）I have a lot of work to do . 2) Mr Smith, do you have something to be typed ? No, thank you .,“have sth to do” “主语有某

3、事要去做”,如果不定式是不及物动词，它后面应带有必要的介词。 例 I have got a chair to sit on .,（二）分词作定语 1、及物动词的分词作定语 doing（与被修饰名词之间为主动关系） being done（与被修饰名词之间为被动关系且正在进行） done（与被修饰名词之间为被动关系且完成） 例如1 Do you know the boy standing under the tree? 2 The houses being built are for villages. 3 I dont like the novel written by Mary,2、不及物动词

4、的分词作定语： doing（表示正在进行）done（表示已经完成） 例如： boiling water boiled water 例如： developing countries developed countries,正在沸腾的水,烧开了的水,发展中国家,发达国家,（三）不定式 to be done， 现在分词being done 和过去分 词done作定语的区别 例如 1The question to be discussed tomorrow is very important . 2 The question being discussed now is very important.

5、 3The question discussed yesterday is very important.,不定式 to be done 表“被动 将来” 现在分词being done 表“被动 进行” 过去分词done 表“被动 完成”,二、典型直击 1、Laura was away in Paris for over a week .When she got home ,there was a pile of mails _for her. A waited B to wait C waiting D was waiting 解题思路1寻找非谓语动词作定语所修饰的名词和代词 2判断该名词或

6、代词与非谓语动词之间的主被动关系,C,2 The witness _by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight . A questioned. B being questioned. C to be questioned D having questioned 解题思路1 判断被修饰名词或代词与非谓语动词之间的主被动 关系 2区分to be done ,being done ,done 时间上的差异,A,3In some language ,100 words make up half of all

7、words _ in daily conversations. A using. B to use. C having used. D used 4 Were having a meeting in half an hour ,The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A to be made. B being made. C made D having been made,D,A,5.Volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including you

8、r own .A change B changing C changed D to change 6.I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term .A completing B to complete C completed D being completed解题思路 找准题目中的关键词,确定是否为考查不定式作定语的情况.,D,B,三，能力突破 解答非谓语动词作定语的方法: 1，确定考题是否为非谓语动词作定语; 2，分析被修饰名词和代词（通常为空前的名词）与其非谓 语动词之间的被动关系;若为主动，则可选择doing ，to do

9、 ； 若为被动 ，则可选择性to be done ，being done， done 3，分析时间究竟是过去，现在还是将来; 4，考虑不定式作定语的几种情况.,1 The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in some corner . A standing. B to stand. C stands. D stood 2 The airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area . A being completed. B to be completed. C completed

10、 D having been completed 3 With the world changing fast ,we have something new _ with all by ourselves every day . A deal. B dealt. C to deal. D dealing 4 So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library A discovered. B to be discovered. C discovering D having discovered 5 The last one _ pays the meal . Agreed A arrived B arrived. C to arrive. D arriving,A,B,C,A,C,