2022年高考英语完形填空专题复习 .pdf

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1、完形填空专题复习（一）一、教学内容：完形填空专题复习（一）（一）题型概说1. 考查目的完形填空是对考生英语语言综合运用能力的考查，既考查考生对语篇的理解能力，包括篇章阅读理解、 获取和分析信息的能力，又在语篇层面上考查学生在一定的语境中准确、恰当、得体运用词汇的能力。2. 题型特点（1）体裁和题材：高考完形填空大多选择夹叙夹议的议论文或有一定故事情节和相对完整的故事片断的记叙文。题材大都富有教育意义，能给考生以启迪，类似人生感悟的心灵鸡汤的小短文，语言地道，文笔优美。（2）考点设置：完形填空设题完全不同于单项填空，以篇章语义为主，所设4 个选项从语法角度考虑都正确。错误项只能通过语义、语境、常

2、识、逻辑和搭配来排除。因而，高考完形填空设点以实词为主，其中最多是动词（包括非谓语动词、短语动词、情态动词）和名词，其次是形容词和副词，再次是连词和介词。下表是2004-2007 广东卷考点分面情况（04-06 为 20 个空， 07 为 10 个空）试卷考点词性分布动词名词形容词副词连词介词其他短语2004 年6 7 3 1 1 0 2 2005 年8 8 2 0 2 0 0 2006 年4 4 3 3 1 2 3 2007 年2 5 2 7 0 0 0 因此在备考中要特别注意这几种词性中常见词的词义比较，同时注意在语篇中得体地运用词汇。（二）完形填空应试技巧指南首先，仔细审题，明确大意。首

3、先要以很快的速度浏览全文，掌握文章的主旨，不要急于看选项。浏览全文时要重点了解文中所叙述的人物、时间、地点、事件，即who， when，where，what。完形填空命题的原则一般是第一句话不挖空，目的是使读者进入语境，因此一定要认真阅读这句话。例如：Why is a space left between the rails of a railway line where one piece joins the next?这句话从铁轨之间的缝隙引出了问题。根据常识，文中内容应与热胀冷缩的物理现象有关。第二， 注意一些搭配和用法。现在的搭配有四个选项，这四个选项现在安排都非常的精巧，跟上下文都非

4、常的搭配，所以要仔细考虑，考虑它的语境和语意。现在的词语辨意也是跟以前不一样，四个都可以插进去。但意思差别非常的微妙，所以需要了解词语辨意。第三， “瞻前顾后，顾后瞻前” 。要根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项，切忌脚踩西瓜皮滑到哪就是哪。第四，考生要根据生活常识和相关知识确定选项。第五，全文复读， 融会贯通。 在试填好答案之后，我们有必要从头至尾再把对话读一遍，按照对话情境，中心内容，推理判断。凡有把握的，不再改动，如有不顺或举棋不定之处，要重新定夺，确保万无一失。进行核查同时注意以下三点：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8

5、 页1. 上下文的一致性：即时态语态的一致；代词、名词、单复数的一致。2. 从语法和惯用法及习惯搭配、甚至语感入手，看是否符合上下文的逻辑。3. 段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。这次复核至关重要，常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。同时对极难确定的答案，也要凭语感任猜一个，决不可不选。（三） 具体操作中应注意的问题1. 看清上下文，找准定位词充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。例如：1) Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is veryvery . A

6、. deep B. high C. cold D. dangerous 根据转折连词but 的提示，所填入的词应与shallow 相反，因此答案为A。2) Mrs O Neill asked questions and she didn t scold us either.A. no B. certain C. many D. more and 是一个并列连词；either 为副词，用在否定句或否定词后加强语势，由此可以确定所填的词也应是一个否定意义的词，因此答案是A。2. 理顺逻辑，寻求搭配注意固定的搭配，包括动词与介词的搭配、动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确

7、的短语。例如：Here s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself so much money. A. for B. by C. to D. of 表示 “ 自取，随便拿 ” 这个意义的短语是help oneself to故答案为 C。3. 扎实基础，搞清辨异Soon I heard a like that of a door burst inand then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D. shout 选项中的四个词都表示不同的声音，但B，C，D 项的三个词都是指

8、从嗓子里发出的声音，而 sound 则表示各种各样的声音。因此答案是A。4. 看清执行者，确定所选词And video cameras can be used to people s actions at home.A. keep B. make C. record D. watch 句中动作的发出者是video cameras因此答案是C，意思是 “ 记录 ” 。5. 寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系It has been many years since I was last in London I still remember something that happened during th

9、at visit. A. and B. for C. but D. as 根据句前的many years 和句后的still remember 答案应选表示转折的连词but. 6. 了解生活常识，确定相关知识(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the hospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest 在这样的紧急情况下，人们的第一个反应是到最近的医院就医，因此答案为D （四）实例分析高考题Jim Shelley 是一个有瘾的人。他打电话有瘾，且不能自拔。

10、真是大千世界，无奇不有。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页“ My name s Jim Shelley and I m an addict（有瘾的人） ”With these words I began to _1_ the problem, the problem of my telephone addiction. I used to call people _2_, from the moment I woke up to the time I went to sleep. I _3_ to be phone

11、d, I wanted to phone. Just one more call. It started socially a few calls each day. It seemed _4_, just a quick chat. Gradually though, the _5_ got worse. Soon it was _6_ use, until, finally, addiction. And it began to affect ( 影响 ) my _7_. During the day I would disappear for _8_ call. If I couldn

12、t make a call, I spent the whole time waiting for the phone to ring. Getting more and more _9_, in the end, I would ring someone, then someone else, _10_ myself just one more call.I was phoning people and _11_ messages to make sure _12_ calls would see me through the day. I used to arrive at friends

13、 homes and before the door was closed, go straight for the phone with the _13_ “ Is it OK if I just use the phone ?” At work, I became _14_ when my fellow workers tried to _15_ me from using the phone. And one day I hit my boss (with the phone). Finally, the police caught me _16_ a phone box that ha

14、d taken my last one pound coin, and I was _17_ to see a psychiatrist (心理医生 ). I haven t _18_ a phone in the house for three weeks now, and it s several days _19_ I used a phone box. I try not to watch TV because there are _20_ people on it making phone calls. My name is Jim Shelley and I am an addic

15、t. 1. A. face B. find C. accept D. notice 2. A. now and then B. all the time C. at home D. at work 3. A. tried B. asked C. waited D. invited 4. A. polite B. important C. fine D. special 5. A. condition B. situation C. result D. effect 6. A. frequent B. regular C. unusual D. particular 7. A. friends

16、B. study C. family D. work 8. A. a quick B. a secret C. an expected D. an extra 9. A. hopeful B. delighted C. frightened D. anxious 10. A.forcing B.telling C.giving D.limiting 11. A. leaving B. taking C. passing D. recording 12. A. long B. immediate C. enough D. surprising 13. A. saying B. demands C

17、. wish D. words 14. A. careful B. mad C. determined D. helpless 15. A. save B. reduce C. protect D. stop 16. A. destroying B. using C. stealing D. emptying 17. A. offered B. guided C. ordered D. reminded 18. A. missed B. had C. received D. fixed 19. A. as B. when C. if D. since 20. A. always B. just

18、 C. more D. different 题号答案考查内容解题依据解题分析1 A 词义比较逻辑推理说完这些话，作者就开始面对/承认 (face)了问题。 face 面对，面临 , 承认； find 找到 , 发现 , 感到； accept 接受 , 认可，承认；notice 注意到。2 B 逻辑推理作者过去从醒来到睡觉总是不停(all the time) 地给人家打电话。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页词义比较now and then 偶尔， 有时； at home 在家； at work 在工作中； all t

19、he time 始终。3 C 逻辑推理词义比较我等候着 (wait)，而不是要 (ask)，试着 (try)，邀请 (invite) 人家打电话过来，又想打电话出去，又多打一个电话出去4 C 前后照应逻辑推理开始是为了社交，每天几个电话，仅仅快速的聊聊天，似乎没什么事 (fine)，而没有什么特别(special)，客气 (polite) ，重要(important) 的地方。注意与后句的though 和 got worse 联系起来理解。5 B 逻辑推理词义辨析可后来，慢慢地，情况(situation) 却越来越糟。 condition 条件，环境； situation 情形 , 境遇； r

20、esult 结果 , 成效； effect 作用 , 影响。6 A 词义辨析逻辑推理不久，就总是不停，频繁(frequent)地打电话来了，最后竟然上瘾了 . frequent 时常发生的 , 频繁的，通常强调动作的多次反复出现； B. regular 有规则的， 经常的， 强调动作有规律的经常出现；unusual 不平常的，不寻常的，强调非常的情况；particular特别的 , 独特的，强调个性特征。7 D 逻辑推理前后照应这不仅仅影响朋友(friends)，家人 (family) ，学习 (study)，还影响了我的工作 (work) 。后文谈论的是作者的工作情况。8 A 逻辑推理常识运

21、用大白天，不是为了一个秘密的(secret)，预料到了的(expected)，额外的 (extra)电话，而是为了一个急迫的(quick) 电话作者会突然出去。9 D 逻辑推理词义比较没有电话打时，就等候人家打电话来，等得作者不是充满希望(hopeful)，欣喜快乐 (delighted) ，而是越来越迫切、焦虑不安(anxious)，但不至于担惊受怕(frightened) 。10 B 词义比较逻辑推理作者就会跟这个人打，跟那个人打，心里总是告诫(tell) 就再打一个，而不是强迫(force)，给予 (give)和限制 (limit) 自己。这句话是对作者的当时的心情的描述。11 A 固定

22、搭配逻辑推理作者总是给人家打电话，并留下 (leave)讯息，而不是接受 (take)，传递 (pass)，记录 (record)讯息。 take /pass/record /leave messages接受 /传递 /记录 /留下讯息。12 C 逻辑推理词义比较作者不管这电话是长时间的(long) ，还是紧接着来的(immediate) ，还是令人吃惊的(surprising)电话，而是要确保明天我能有足够多(enough)的电话来度过这一天。13 D 词义辨析逻辑推理作者就会直接走到电话机前说“我可以用这电话吗？”这些话(words) 来表达要求 (demands)或希望 (wish) 。

23、saying 谚语， 警句，指人们经常重复耳熟能详的语句；demands 要求，需要；wish希望，请求； words 话语。14 B 逻辑推理词义比较上班工作的时候，同伴阻止作者去打电话，作者就会感到无助(helpless)而情绪败坏狂怒发疯(mad)， 而不会小心从事(careful)，意志坚定 (determined)点而不去打电话。15 D 词义辨析固定搭配逻辑推理同伴们会阻止 (stop)作者去打电话。 save sb. from 救助 /拯救某人脱离； protect sb. from 保护某人免遭；stop sb. from 阻止某人，使某人不做某事。reduce 通常不与表示“

24、避免”意义的from搭配。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页16 A 词义比较逻辑推理常识运用作者花掉了最后一英镑，没有了钱，他没法再使用(use)，也偷 (steal)不着钱，倒不空(empty) 电话亭，便气急败坏地毁坏(destroy)电话亭，结果给警察逮个正着。17 C 逻辑推理词义辨析作者被命令 /安排 (order)去看心理医生。offer( 主动提供 )，guide(指导，引导 )，remind( 提醒 )的用词都太客气委婉，order通常指上级对下属等强硬的“指使，命令，安排”，意义较为强烈，其语气更

25、符合文意。18 B 逻辑推理词义比较三天里作者包括接(receive)和打，没有 (have)一个电话，也就无从错过 (miss)一个电话，更无法安装(fix) 电话机了。19 D 语法规则语句连贯自作者使用电话亭以来，已经好几天了=作者好几天没有使用过电话亭了。since 表示“自以来”的意思。20 A 逻辑推理常识运用作者努力不去看电视，不是因为电视上有各类不同(different) 或更多的 (more)人，也不是有人正好在打电话，而是因为屏幕上总是、时常(always)出现人们打电话的镜头。（五）试做2007 年广东高考题Wouldn t it be great if we didn

26、t have to remember passwords (密码 ) ever again? If we could just sit in front of our computers and be 1 logged in ( 登录 )? Crave mentions how NECSoft Biodelogon system uses face recognition technology to log you on to Windows, rather than using a 2 . All you need is a webcam and your pretty face to 3

27、your PC. No more 4 , confusing passwords to remember or change every few months. After doing a little research, I found this type of 5 already available to consumers via a relatively 6 application called FaceCode. The 7 requires the use of a webcam to recognize and log PC users into their systems. Y

28、ou can add as many 8 as you want, provided they each have a Windows account. If the system 9 to recognize your 10 , you can recall the Windows users name and passwords by using a hot key combination. ( )1. A. automatically B. personally C. correctly D. occasionally ( )2. A. face B. password C. softw

29、are D. system ( )3. A. access B. connect C. recognize D. remember ( )4. A. simple B. complicated C. special D. useful ( )5. A. computer B. technology C. password D. application ( )6. A. independent B. infrequent C. inexpensive D. instant ( )7. A. account B. consumer C. designer D. software ( )8. A.

30、users B. passwords C. systems D. computers ( )9. A. begins B. tries C. fails D. stops ( )10. A. account B. name C. password D. face 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页【模拟试题】阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从120 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。（一）A Strange Greeting, a True Feeling Last week I was inv

31、ited to a doctor s meeting at the Ruth hospital for incurables. In one of the wards a patient, an old man, got up shakily from his bed and moved towards me. I could see that he hadnt long to 1 , but he came up to me and placed his right foot close mine on the floor. “ Frank ！” I cried in astonishmen

32、t. He couldnt2 , as I knew, but all the time 3 his foot against mine. My 4 raced back more than thirty years to the 5 days of 1941, when I was a student in London. The 6 was an air-raid shelter, in which I and about hundred other people slept every night. Two of the regulars were Mrs. West and her s

33、on Frank. 7 wartime problems, we shelter-dwellers got to 8 each other very well. Frank West 9 me because he wasnt10 , not even at birth. His mother told me he was 37 then, but he had 11 of a mind than a baby has. His “12 ” consisted of rough soundssounds of pleasure or anger and 13 more. Mrs. West,

34、then about 75, was a strong, capable woman, as she had to be, of course, because Frank 14 on her entirely. He needed all the 15 of a baby. One night a policeman came and told Mrs. West that her house had been flattened by a 500-pounder. She 16 nearly everything she owned. When that sort of thing hap

35、pened, the rest of us helped the 17 ones. So before we 18 that morning, I stood beside Frank and 19 my right foot against his. They were about the same size. That night, then, I took a pair of shoes to the shelter for frank. But as soon as he saw me he came running and placed his right foot against

36、mine. After that, his 20 to me was always the same. ( )1. A. work B. stay C. live D. expect ( )2. A. answer B. speak C. smile D. laugh ( )3. A. covering B. moving C. fighting D. pressing ( )4. A. minds B. memories C. thoughts D. brains ( )5. A. better B. dark C. younger D. old ( )6. A. cave B. place

37、 C. sight D. scene ( )7. A. Discussing B. Solving C. Sharing D. Suffering ( )8. A. learn from B. talk to C. help D. know ( )9. A. needed B. recognized C. interested D. encouraged ( )10. A. normal B. common C. unusual D. quick ( )11. A. more B. worse C. fewer D. less ( )12. A. word B. speech C. sente

38、nce D. language ( )13. A. not B. no C. something D. nothing ( )14. A. fed B. kept C. lived D. depended ( )15. A. attention B. control C. treatment D. management ( )16. A. lost B. needed C. destroyed D. left ( )17. A. troublesome B. unlucky C. angry D. unpopular 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - -

39、- - - -第 6 页，共 8 页( )18. A. separated B. went C. reunited D. returned ( )19. A. pushed B. tried C. showed D. measured ( )20. A. nodding B. greeting C. meeting D. acting （二）You ve just finished A-levels and you ve got a place at university, but you d really like a break from the academic world. Why n

40、ot think about taking a year out? While most students go 1 from school to university, more and more people today are choosing to spend a year at “ the university of life”2 . There are lots of things to choose from. You could work in a back or do community work. You might even do something challengin

41、g, such as 3 an exploration( 探险 ) to the Amazon rainforest. The experience will 4 your horizons and teach you new skills. It may also give you the chance to earn some money, which will be very helpful when you 5 start your studies. If you are interested in taking in taking a year out, you must make

42、sure that the university will 6 your place for you till next year. Most are quite happy to do this, 7 they find that year-out students are 8 experienced, confident, and independent. But don t forgot: it s a year out not a year9 . Your university will want to know what you re going to do. They won t

43、be very pleased if you just want to do 10 for a year. So what would you do with a year out? ( )1. A. easy B. simply C. fast D. straight ( )2. A. last B. first C. at last D. at first ( )3. A. participating B. joining C. attending D. expecting ( )4. A. broaden B. spread C. improve D. raise ( )5. A. ho

44、pefully B. willingly C. eventually D. happily ( )6. A. hold B. leave C. occupy D. remain ( )7. A. however B. though C. as D. when ( )8. A. less B. much C. even D. more ( )9. A. in B. off C. away D. through ( )10. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 【试题答案】（一） 15 CADBB 610 DCDCA 1115 DBB

45、DA 1620 ABADB 1. C 上文的 “ incurables 表明这位老人是不治之症患者，存活的时间不会太长。2. A 我叫他名字 , 他不会回答。3. D 由下文暗示可知，37 岁的 Frank 不如一个婴儿的智力。他不能用语言回答别人的问话，但内心有一定的反应，因此一见到我便将右脚靠着我的右脚以示问候。4. B Frank 的这一举动使我的记忆一下子回到了30 年前。5. B 下文交待30 年前作者的生活，二战期间他只能住在防空洞中，生活很苦，只能用“dark”来形容当年的岁月。6. D 作者回忆30 年前的生活，头脑中出现了防空洞的情景。7. C ； 8. D 在战争问题上由于

46、拥有共同的话题，我们这些防空洞居住者逐渐了解了对方。9. C ；10. A 一个 37 岁的人智力却不正常，这一现象逐渐吸引了我的注意。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页11. D 尽管 Frank 已经 37 岁，但智力还不如一个婴儿。12. B；13. B 他的讲话仅体现了内心的快乐和愤怒，没有更多实在的内容。14. D ；15. A West 夫人不得不强壮而又有能力，因为Frank 完全依靠于她，他需要婴儿似的全部照料。16. A 她几乎失去了一切。17. B West 夫人遭受这么大的损失，大家尽力帮助这不幸的一家人。18. A 19. D 20. B 那天早上临走前，我站在Frank 身边，将我的右脚靠着Frank 的右脚以便量出他脚的大小，目的是为他买一双鞋子。Frank 将我的这一动作看成是问候的表现，从此他就用这一动作来问候我，这就有了本文开头的那种情景。（二） 1-10 D B B A C; A C D B A 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页