2022年高考英语语法专题复习讲义-名词性从句 .pdf

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1、高中语法精讲名词性从句了解这样的从句前，我们先回忆下英语中常见的句子成分：主语谓语宾语表语定语状语补语同位语（再念叨一遍： 理解英语中的句子成分对于长难句的理解是很有用的，阅读能力会进步飞快）那么问题来了：这些句子成分中，哪些可能是名词呢？换句话说，名词能做哪些成分呢？主语，宾语，表语和同位语是名词最中意的位置啦！如果把名词改为句子，那不就是从句了吗？有名词性功能的句子我们就给个高大上的名字名词性从句：包括主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句来看个句子：Playing football is interesting. 这里动名词做主语。那按刚才说的，名词改为句子：That we play foo

2、tball together is interesting. that 引导的从句that we play football together在句子中是整个作了主语，所以这句就是主语从句一、名词性从句1、名词性从句中的易错点（1） that 的用法。主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that 但不能省略。如：That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don t have enough money.She expressed the hope that they would come to C

3、hina one day. 宾语从句中的连接词that 有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that 不能省略：（A）当 that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that 不可省略； （B）当 that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that 不能省；（C）当 that 作介词宾语时， that 不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The re

4、ason lies in that she works harder than the others do. that 从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。(A)It is clear/c ertain/likely/true/surprising that （B） It is a pity/shame/ good idea/no wonder that .（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that （D）It seems/happens that。如：It happened that I w

5、ent out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. that 和 what 的区别。that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what 可以分解成定语从句中的先行词+ 关系代词即常说的先行词+ that。如：It s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says.同位语从句与定语从句中that 的区别。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名

6、师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 9 页同位语从句中的连词that 只起连接作用， 在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that 在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that 而不能用which. 同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief 、doubt、possibility 、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如：They expressed the hope that they would come

7、 to visit China again.( 同位语从句 ) The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again. （定语从句）（2）whether 和 if 的用法。whether 和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。如：It all depends on whether they will come back. 后面直接跟or not 时用 whether。如：I didn t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.

8、 主语从句表语从句中只能用whether。如：Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet. The question is whether they have so much money. whether 可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if 不能。如：We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not. whether 常与 or 连用表示一种选择，if 不能这样用； whether 也可与动词不定式连用但 if

9、 不能。如：The question of whether they are male or female is not impor- tant. I have not decided whetherto go or not. 间接引语位于句首时或者是间接引语提前时用whether 不用 if。如：Thank you, but whether I ll be free I m not sure at the moment. whether 可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、 “无论”，而 if 不能。如：Whether he comes or not, we will begin our p

10、arty on time. （3）疑问词+ ever 和 no matter + 疑问词的区别。疑问词+ ever 可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的部分。如：Whoever breaks the rule must be punished. You can choose whatever you like in the shop. 疑问词+ ever 还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoever breaks the rule, he must be punished, Whatever you do, you must do it well. no matter + 疑问词只能引导让步状

11、语从句。如：No matter what you do,you must do it well. No matter who breaks the rule, he must be punished. （4）when 和 where 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。when 和 where 前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when 和 where 引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。如：They put forward the question where they could get the money. This is the place where the accident h

12、appened. 2、名词性从句中主句和从句的时态一致精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 9 页（1）宾语从句中主句和从句的时态保持一致，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。如：Hello,I didn t know you were in London. How long have you been here?The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed. （2）主语从句作主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用

13、单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数； 由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。如：When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet. When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet. When and where the meeting will begin has not been decided. 3、名词性从句的词序名词性从句在句中要用陈述句语序。如：He asked me what was the m

14、atter with me. We ve heard the news that we ll move into the new house.Whatever you say will interest us all. 精典名题导解选择填空1. A computer can only do _ you have instructed it to do. A.how B.after C.what D.when 2. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that _ you had a few days off ? 3. I hate

15、_ when peope talk with their mouths full. A. it B.that C.these D.them 4.I think Father would like to know I ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 5.We cannot figure out quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C.

16、why D. when 6.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, our astronauts desire do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 100 题练习1. His success was because of _ he had been working hard. A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact 2. “ Is Mary from New York City” “ I dont

17、 know _.”A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from 3. _ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 4. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job. A. because I got B. because of

18、getting C. I got D. that I got 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 9 页A. while B. that C. if D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him why _. A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so 7. Have you seen Henry la

19、tely My boss wants to know _. A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along 8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 9. He asked me _ with me. A. what is the

20、 trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is 10. I am sure _ he said is true. A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what 11. When and why he came here _ yet. A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 12. I wonder how much _. A. does the watch cos

21、t B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs 13. Mary is _ someone might recognize her. A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for 14._ is no reason for dismissing her. A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late C. The fact that she was a fe

22、w minutes late D. Being a few minutes late 15. They came to the conclusion _ by a computer. A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done 16. Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant

23、had been careless. A. for B. because C. since D. that 17. I dont doubt _ hell come. A. that B. if C. what D. whether 18. “ Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang”“ Well, I forget _ I was supposed to go to.”A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it 19. Output is no

24、w six times _ it was before liberation. A. that B. which C. what D. of which 20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet shes now buying a big house. Carol: Yes. Because shes always saved _. A. what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns D. with little she earns 21. _ surpr

25、ised me most was _ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well. A. That what B. What that C. That which D. What which22. We gave him _ help we could. A. which B. what C. that D. this 23. She is pleased with what you have given him and _ you have told him. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结

26、 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 9 页A. that B. which C. all what D. all that 24. Excuse me would you please tell me _ A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held C. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place 25. Do you happen to know _ A. wh

27、at size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his 26. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts. A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 27. Where do you

28、think _ A. has he gone B. has he been C. hes gone D. was he 28. Do you know _ A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the world C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is 29. Would you go and see _ outside A. what to ta

29、ke place B. what Tom has happened C. what is happening D. what the matter had been 30. The subject of What is interesting is that I do not even know him. is_. A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I 31. _ I think he is Charles. A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he is C. Whom d

30、o you think he is D. Do you think who he is 32. He didnt know which room _. A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in 33. The little boy ate _ his mother gave him. A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what 34. The city is no longer _. A. what it is B. that it used to b

31、e C. which it was D. what it used to be 35. My parents used _ they had to get a new car for me. A. which B. that C. what D. all what 36. _ we go swimming every day _ us a lot of good. A. If do B. That do C. If does D. That does37. _ was the idea _ the wife thought of A. What that B. That what C. How

32、 why D. Why how38. _ did he tell his wife _ he wished to do A. That what B. What that C. Where which D. Which where 39. One of the men held the view _ the book said was right. A. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that 40. I have no idea _ or not he has finished the work. A. if B. that C.

33、 whether D. which 41. “ Do you know _” 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 9 页“ His father is a doctor.”A. what is his father B. who is his father C. what his father is D. who his father is 42. Is this _ we met each other two years ago A. place B. place in which C. where D. place wh

34、ich 43. It _ Bob drives badly. A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that 44. We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things. A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever 45. They discussed _ they could settle the problem without others h

35、elp. A. if B. that C. what D. whether 46. She asked _. A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing 47. May I borrow the ring You can take _ you like. A. no matter what B. which C.

36、whichever D. that 48. He said that he was fond of _. A. what beautiful is B. what is beautiful C. beautiful is what D. what it is beautiful 49. He insisted that he _ in good health and _ to work there. A. was, be sent B. is, is sent C. be, was sent D. be, send 50. Do you know _ he expects will give

37、us a talk A. who B. whom C. that D. whose 51. Its uncertain _ the experiment is worth doing. A. if B. that C. whether D. how 52. They would have fixed the telephone yesterday _ it was a holiday. A. except B. except for C. except that D. but for 53. _ is to do good all ones life and never do anything

38、 bad. A. Whichever is hard B. No matter what is hard C. What is hard D. All what is hard 54. _ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry. A. That B. What C. How D. Which 55. As the day was fine, I made the suggestion _ for a walk in the park. A. we go B. we will go C. should we go D. that we

39、 go 56. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What, what B. What, that C. That, that D. That, what 57. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 58. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excite

40、d they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited 59. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 9 页60. _he really means is _he disagrees with us. A. What that B. That whatC. Why that D. If wha

41、t61. _is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee. A. That B. Why C. How D. Who 62. _ well finish translating the book depends on the time. A. When B. Why C. What D. That 63. _ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrows meeting. A. If B. Where C. That D. What 64. _ he w

42、ont go there is clear to all of us. A. How B. What C. Why D. This 65. _ you come or not is up to you. A. What B. If C. Why D. Whether 66. _ makes mistakes must correct them. A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody 67. _ team will win the match is a matter of public concern. A. Which B. That C. If D.

43、How 68.Three days later, word came _our country had sent up another man-made satellite. A. which B. when C. that D. where 69.The problem is _will go to the meeting. A. why B. when C. what D. who 70.It looks _ it were going to rain. A. even if B. as if C. even though D. like 71.That is _ he likes the

44、 place so much. A. that B. what C. why D. how 72.That is _ Lu Xun once lived. A. what B. where C. that D. why 73. We thought _ strange that Tom did not come yesterday. A. that B. it C. this D. what 74.The fact _ she had not said anything surprised all of us. A. which B. what C. that D. how 75.What I

45、m considering now _ the money we need. A. is B. are C. were D. was 76.Can you tell me _ A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who C. who that gentleman is D. whom is that gentleman 77. _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 78. It is wel

46、l known _ a person eats causes changes in the body. A. that what, when, and how B. that C. what D. how 79. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work. A. that B. which C. what D. such 80. Jack was soon told _ he did was not necessary. A. why B. that C. how D. why what 精选学习资料 - - - - - - -

47、 - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 9 页81. We should think carefully about _ Mr. Needham said at the meeting. A. that B. what C. which D. X 82. Can you point out _ two radios are the best A. which B. what C. that D. whether 83. You will easily know _ video recorders ( 录相机 ) are the same. A. what those

48、B. that of those C. that all of D. which of those 84. _ you have seen things like these before doesnt matter. A. If B. Whether C. What D. When 85. I asked her in English _ she was, and she told me _ she was an actress. A. who that B. who X C. what X D. how that86. She took it for granted _ Id be bac

49、k home an hour ago. A. that B. whether C. if D. when 87. We think it possible _ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem. A. for B. that C. when D. how 88. Now there is a danger _ the ground may fall in ( 沉下 ) under the heavy traffic. A. whether B. if C. X D. that 89. At that t

50、ime I had no idea _ I could hand it to him without being seen. A. if B. how C. which D. that how 90. Last Sunday he promised _ today, but he hasnt appeared yet. A. that he would come B. that he will come C. he will come to see me D. whether he would come 91. Last Sunday he made a promise _ he was fr