2022年选修八unit5知识点 .pdf

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1、Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors 单元要点预览旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点词汇部分词语辨析1. used to / would 2. interrupt / disturb / bother 3. assume / suppose / presume 词形变化1. alternative n.c 替换物adj.选择性的，二中择一的alternatively adv. 作为选择，二者择一2. accuracy n.u精确性， 正确度accurately adv. 正确地，精确地 inaccurately adv. 不准确地3. assume vt.假定；设想；采用；承担

2、assumption n. 假定，设想，假装，就职assumed adj. 假定的，假装的，装的4. analysis n.c 分析，分解analyse(analyze) vt.分析，分解analytical adj. 分析的，解析的5. significance n. 意义，含义；重要性，重大significant adj. 相当数量的；意义重大的significantly adv. 意义深远地，重大地6. division n. 分(开，配，担；歧，裂 )；除 (法)；部门divide vt. 分(开)；vi.分开7. skill n.c,u 技能，技巧，熟练，巧妙skillful adj

3、. 灵巧的，熟练的，制作精巧的skillfully adv. 巧妙地，技术好地重点单词1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻断，中断；打岔；插嘴2. applaud vt. 鼓掌，称赞，赞成3. accelerate vt. 加速，促进4. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留，吸引(注意 ) n.c逮捕重点词组1. regardless of 不管；不顾2. fed up with 受够了，厌烦3. look ahead 向前看；为将来谋划4. date back to. 追溯到 ，从 时候就有了重点句型1. We have been excavating layers of ash al

4、most six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. 2. Our evidence suggests they did indeed wear clothes made form animal skins. 重点语法复习现在进行时见语法部分语言要点模块.词语辨析(旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. used to / would 【解释】would 与 used to 都可用来表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作。would 只能表示反复发生的动作。如果表示过去经常性的状

5、态，就不能用would，只能用used to。used to 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，但现在已经结束。would 则表示有可能再发生。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 6 页【练习】用used to或 would 填空。1). When we were boys we _ go swimming every summer. 2). He _ be very poor. 3). People _ believe that the earth was flat. 4). He _ go to the park as

6、 soon as he was free. Keys: 1). used to / would 2). used to 3). used to 4). would ( 现在有可能再去) 2. interrupt / disturb / bother 【解释】interrupt 意为 “ 打断，中断 ” ，尤指中断某活动的连续性。disturb 意为 “ 因焦虑、失望、困惑等情感因素而使人心绪收到明显干扰” 。bother 意为 “ 扰乱某人心绪而使人不能专心或专一” 。【练习】选择interrupt ，disturb，bother 的正确形式填空。1). She was _ to hear o

7、f your illness. 2). I m sorry to _ the meeting, but there is an urgent long-distance call for Mr. Zhou. 3). Don t _ yourself too much about me. 4). We _ in the middle of our conversation. Keys: 1). disturbed 2). interrupt 3). bother 4). were interrupted 3. assume / suppose / presume 【解释】assume“假定，设想

8、 ” ，用于逻辑推理，强调一种缺乏证据的结论，以检验某种建议。suppose意为 “ 根据一定证据作出的见解” ，最不正式。presume意为 “ 某人以过去的经验作为依据，对某事作出合乎逻辑的推测” 。【练习】选择assume，suppose，presume的正确形式填空。1). I _ that he has gone for a walk. 2). We _ the situation will improve. 3). From the available data it may be _ that the writer was very famous in the 4th centu

9、ry. Keys: 1). assume 2). suppose 3). presumed .词性变化 旨在提供语法填空所需材料1. alternative n.c 替换物adj.选择性的，二中择一的alternatively adv. 作为选择，二者择一2. accuracy n.u 精确性， 正确度accurately adv.正确地，精确地 inaccurately adv. 不准确地3. assume vt.假定；设想；采用；承担assumption n. 假定，设想，假装，就职assumed adj. 假定的，假装的，装的4. analysis n.c 分析，分解analyse(an

10、alyze) vt.分析，分解analytical adj. 分析的， 解析的5. significance n. 意义，含义；重要性，重大significant adj. 相当数量的；意义重大的significantly adv. 意义深远地，重大地6. division n. 分(开，配，担；歧，裂 )；除 (法)；部门divide vt. 分(开)；vi. 分开7. skill n.c,u 技能，技巧，熟练，巧妙skillful adj. 灵巧的，熟练的，制作精巧的skillfully adv. 巧妙地，技术好地【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式或介词填空。1). The way was

11、 blocked, so we went by an _ (alternatively) road. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 6 页2). The design is slightly _ (accurate), so we must make some changes. 3). The boss is worried about the _ (accurate) of the statistics. 4). It s impossible to predict the weather _ (accurate).

12、 5). A lot of people make the _ (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World. 6). The _ (analyse) of the samples on the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police the address. 7). Students need to possess certain basic _ (skillful) by the time they finish schoo1. 8). He was valued

13、for his skill _ ( 介词 ) raising money for the company. 9). The discovery of the new drug is of great _ (significant) to people suffering from heart problems. 10). Sometimes there is no simple _ (divide) between good and evil. Keys: 1). alternative 2). inaccurate 3). accuracy 4). accurately 5). assump

14、tion 6). analysis 7). skills 8). in 9). significance 10). division .重点词汇 旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料1. interrupt vt.&vi. 阻断，中断；打岔；插嘴interruption n. 中断，打断典例 1). Traffic in the city was interrupted by a snowstorm. 市内交通被暴风雪所阻断。2). It is rude to interrupt. 打断别人的话，是不礼貌的。重点用法 interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) 打断某人讲话；打岔；打搅

15、练习 用 interrupt 的正确形式填空。1). Electricity _ (interrupt) in the course of work. 2). Let s go somewhere where we can talk without _ (interrupt). Keys: 1). was interrupted 2). interruption 2. applaud vt. 鼓掌，称赞，赞成applause n. 鼓掌欢送，欢呼典例 1). Everyone applauded when the play ended. 演出结束时，大家都热烈鼓掌。2). I applaud

16、your decision. 我赞成你的决定。重点用法 applaud sb. for sth 因某事而赞扬某人applaud the decision 赞成某个决定3. accelerate vt.&vi. 加速，促进acceleration n. 加速度典例 1). We must take measures to accelerate the rate of economic growth. 我们必须采取措施，加速经济增长。2). The car accelerated as it overtook me. 那辆汽车一加速就超越了我。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师

17、归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 6 页练习 用 accelerate或其同根词的适当形式填空。1). The driver stepped on the gas and _ the car. 2). The _ of train service will bring us great convenience. 3). The bad weather _ our departure. Keys: 1). accelerated 2). acceleration 3). accelerated 4. arrest vt. 逮捕，拘留，吸引(注意 ) n.c 逮捕典例 1). T

18、he criminal was arrested yesterday. 罪犯昨天被捕了。2). What she did arrested my attention. 她所做的吸引了我的注意力。重点用法 be arrested for sth. 因某事而被捕arrest one s attention吸引某人的注意under arrest 被捕；被拘留.重点词组 旨在提供综合运用所需材料1. regardless of 不管；不顾典例 1). I ll take the job regardless of the pay. 不管报酬多少我都要这份工作。2). He says what he t

19、hinks, regardless of other people s feelings. 他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。2. fed up with 受够了，厌烦典例 1). I m fed up with waiting for her to telephone. 我等她的都等得不耐烦了。2). What s the matter? You look pretty fed up. 怎麽啦？你显得那麽不高兴。短语归纳 feed 短语：feed sb/sth on sth 给人或动物食物；喂；饲养feed on动物以 为主食feed sth to sb/sth 给人或动物某物作为食物练习

20、 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。1). Several children were feeding bread _ the ducks. 2). What do you feed your dog _? 3). Cows feed _ grass. 4). I m fed up _ the same breakfast every morning.Keys: 1). to 2). on 3). on 4). with 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 6 页3. look ahead 向前看；为将来谋划典例 Hav

21、e you looked ahead to what you ll be doing in five years time? 你是否想过五年後你要做些什麽 ? 短语归纳 look 短语：look back 向后看；回忆look out 留神；注意look into 调查look up 查找；形势好转；看望look up to sb. 尊敬 某人look through 仔细查阅look forward to sth./doing sth. 盼望look on 旁观；看作look over 快速浏览，复习look down (on/upon sth.) 向下看；轻视4. date back to

22、. = date from. 追溯到 ，从 时候开始就有了典例 The church dates back to the 13th century. 这座教堂从十三世纪开始就有了。练习 根据句子的要求在括号里填入短语或所给词的适当形式。1). The custom _ _ hundreds of years. 2). Our friendship_ _ _ the late 70s. 3). This is a law _ (date) from the 17th century. Keys: 1). dates back 2). dates back to 3). dating .重点句子

23、旨在提供句子结构等所需材料1. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. 我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰，几乎有六米厚，这说明他们可能整个冬季都在烧火。解释 “ have been excavating”是现在完成进行时，表示从过去开始一直延续到现在，或将继续延续至将来。如： We have been working on this project for over a mon

24、th now. 到目前为止，我们一直在处理那个项目，已经花了一个多月时间了。注意： 区别现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别。一般来说现在完成时表示已经完成，而现在完成进行时表示还没完成还要延续下去或者刚刚完成。试比较：They have built a house. (完成 ) / They have been building a house. (尚未完成 ) 2. Our evidence suggests they did indeed wear clothes made form animal skins. 我们的证据说明他们确实穿了用动物皮做成的衣服。解释 suggest 最常用有两个

25、意思：(1)：提议；提出；建议，后接动词要用动词的ing 形式，后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气( “ should+ 动词原形 ” ，should 常省略 )。如：1). It s noisy here. I suggest changing another hotel. 这里太吵了，我建议换个宾馆。2). I suggest (that) you (should) ask Mr. Wu. 我建议你问问吴先生。3). I suggest that the boy be sent to the hospital at once. 我建议立即把小孩送医院。精选学习资料 - - - - - - -

26、- - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 6 页后接宾语从句要用虚拟语气的词可记为：一个坚持： insist / 二个命令： command, order / 四个建议： advise, suggest, recommend, propose / 四个要求： ask, demand, request, require (2)：说明，显示，暗示；显出，后接宾语从句(不用虚拟语气 )。如：His expression suggests that he has got the job.他脸上的表情说明他已经得到了那份工作。练习 在括号里填入所给词的适当形式。1). I wrote suggesting that he _ (come) for the weekend. 2). He demands that he _ (tell) everything. Keys: 1). come 2). be told 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 6 页