中考英语复习不定代词和It用法ppt课件.ppt

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1、不定代不定代词词和和 It It Period I some any something somebody someone anything anybody anyone everything everybody everyone nothing nobody no one a few few a little little all both neither none 不定代词是不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词的代词不指明代替任何特定名词的代词以下都是不定代词以下都是不定代词： some any something somebody someone anything anybody anyon

2、e everything everybody everyone nothing nobody no one a few few a little little all both neither none one ones onethe other(s) someothers another 不定代词不定代词 不定代词的用法不定代词的用法 some 和和 any . 两者都可以和可数名词或不可两者都可以和可数名词或不可数名词连用，但是数名词连用，但是 常用于常用于 常常用于用于 There is some water in the bottle. There isnt any water in

3、the bottle. Is there any water in the bottle?注意：注意：1. Would you like some tickets? Could I borrow some dictionaries? 如果在提问时期待对方的肯定问答，或鼓励如果在提问时期待对方的肯定问答，或鼓励别人说别人说yes时，用时，用some而不用而不用any. some肯定句，肯定句， any否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句。否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句。2. any 用于肯定句中有用于肯定句中有 “ “任何一个任何一个” ” 解。常用于比较级句解。常用于比较级句 子中。子中。 Tom ru

4、ns faster than any other boy in his class. Tom runs faster than any of the other boys in his class. Tom runs faster than any girl in his class.3. some, any, every, no 可以与可以与 body, thing, one 构成合成代构成合成代词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物：词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物： Something is wrong with my bike. Someone is asking to see yo

5、u. Nobody is absent. If you want anything, call me.一、构成： 由分别加上 构成的不定代词叫复合不定代词。二、用法：1、复合不定代词在句中可以作主语、宾语作主语、宾语或表语表语等。 例如： _ will listen to him. 没人会听他的。 He wants _ to eat. 他想吃点东西。 Did you feel _ different? 你没觉得什么不同？Nobodysomethinganythingsome,any,no,every-body,-thing,-one复合不定代词复合不定代词nothing3 3、用人称代词替代复

6、合不定代词时，指物用it,指人用he,him。例如： Something is wrong with your car, isnt _? 你的车有点问题，是吗？ Everyone tries _ best to finish the work in time. 每个人都尽自己最大的努力按时完成这项工作。his2、复合不定代词作主语,谓语动词要用单数。例如： Has _ seen my pen? 有人看见我的钢笔吗？ There is _ wrong with the TV set. 这台电视机没问题。anybodyit4、some-some-复合不定代词通常用于肯定句中肯定句中；-any-an

7、y复合不定代词多 用于否定句、疑问句否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句条件状语从句中。例如： _ called on her last week. 上周有人拜访她。 There isnt _ else there. 那里没有别人。 Is _ over there? 有人在那边吗？ If there is _ difficult, please tell me. 如果有什么困难，请告诉我。Someoneanyoneanybodyanything、形容词形容词修饰不定代词不定代词时，通常放在不定代词之后不定代词之后。例 如： Theres _ with your eyes. 你的眼睛有问题。someth

8、ing wrong6、every-every-复合代词与notnot 连用，表示部分否定部分否定；而any-any-复 合不定代词与notnot 连用，表示完全否定完全否定。例如：Not _ likes watching TV. 并非人人都喜欢看电视。I didnt meet _ on the way.(= I met _ on the way.) 路上我没有遇到任何人。everyoneanybodynobody anyone/any one；no one/none；1anyone 和 any one anyone仅指人,any one既可指人,也可指物。2no one 和nonea) non

9、e 既可指人又可指物,而no one只单独使用,只指人。b) none 作主语,谓语动词用单复数均可,而no one作主语,谓语动词只能是单数。_ of them know/knows about the plan. None_has been to Japan in our class. No oneIs there anything in the box? None指人指人指物注意注意：all与none用法一样。跟不可数名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式;跟复数名词,谓语用复数形式。All of the students are there.所有的学生都在那。All (of) the milk

10、is there. 所有的牛奶都在那。1. little 与与 a little 两者都用来修饰两者都用来修饰不可数名词不可数名词，little 作作 “ “很少很少” ”， “ “几乎没有几乎没有” ” 解，有否定的意思，解，有否定的意思，a little 作作 “ “少许少许” ”、“ “有一点有一点” ” 解，有解，有肯定的意思，例如：肯定的意思，例如： In this way ,they can make the trip with just a little money. 用这种方法他们只花很少的钱就能旅行。 There is little left, is there? 没剩多少了

11、，是吗？2. few, a few 用来修饰用来修饰可数名词可数名词，前者前者表示表示否定否定，后者后者表示表示肯定肯定。A few of us speak English well. 我们中有几个人英语讲得很好。There were few eggs is the fridge, so he went to the supermarket and bought some. 冰箱里几乎没鸡蛋了，所以他去超市买了一些。3. few 作主语时，作主语时，谓语谓语动词仍用动词仍用复数复数 例如：例如： Few of them know this, do they?4. 常用词组有常用词组有 quit

12、e a few (好几个好几个)，only a few (只有一个只有一个)， very few (极少数极少数) very little (极少数极少数)例如：例如： He has studied Chinese for quite a few years. 他学汉语已有好几年了。小练习小练习1.Its so cold today, _people are in the streets.2.Hurry up! There is _time for us.3.Only _students can understand what he said.4.There are _ apples left

13、, well buy some.fewlittlea fewfew both和和all both表示两者的肯定，表示两者的肯定，all表示三个或三个以上表示三个或三个以上的肯定的肯定 ，谓语都用复数。，谓语都用复数。All are wrong.We are both teachers.They all are farmers. 两个都不在家。我们两个都是教师。 他们都是农民。 全都错了。Both are not at home. both为为“ “两者都两者都” ”，neither为为“ “两者都不两者都不” ”，either为为“ “两者之一两者之一” ”。这三。这三个单词都用于指两个人或物

14、，在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。个单词都用于指两个人或物，在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。 1) Both (of them) enjoyed rice. 他们两人喜欢吃米饭。他们两人喜欢吃米饭。 2) Neither (of us) is a doctor. 我们俩都不是医生。我们俩都不是医生。 3) Either (of you) will go. 随你们哪个去都可以。随你们哪个去都可以。1) Both Zhang Huas father and mother work in a hospital, but neither of them is a doctor. 张华的父母亲在一所医院工作，但

15、都不是医生。张华的父母亲在一所医院工作，但都不是医生。2) You may take either apple. 两个苹果任你拿一个。两个苹果任你拿一个。 1) I like both of the toys very much. 我非常喜欢这两件玩具。我非常喜欢这两件玩具。 2) The boy could find neither of them and went away. 这男孩找不到这男孩找不到 他们俩就走开了。他们俩就走开了。 3) There are two apples here, you may take either of them. 这里有两个苹果，你可以拿任一个。这里有

16、两个苹果，你可以拿任一个。，它们句中的位置是在动词它们句中的位置是在动词be，助动，助动词或情态动词的后面，但在实义动词前面。词或情态动词的后面，但在实义动词前面。 1) They are both in good health. 他们两人身体都很好。他们两人身体都很好。 2) They will both go there. 他们两人都收到那儿去。他们两人都收到那儿去。 3) They both agreed to take part in the birthday party. 他们两人都答应参加生日晚会。他们两人都答应参加生日晚会。 此外，此外，either 可作副词用于否定句，表示可作

17、副词用于否定句，表示 “ “也也” ”，相当于肯定句中的相当于肯定句中的 “ “too”。 This is not mine. That is not, either. 这不是我的，那也不是。这不是我的，那也不是。 neither 表示表示“ “也不也不” ”的时候，常用在倒装的结构形的时候，常用在倒装的结构形式中：式中： I dont like to play football. Neither does he. 我不喜欢踢足球，他也不喜欢。我不喜欢踢足球，他也不喜欢。 She hasnt got a bike. Neither have I. 他没自行车，我也没有。他没自行车，我也没有。

18、1) Both Zhang and Wang are good students. 张、王都是好学生。 2) Either you or he is right. 不是你就是他对的。 3) Neither he nor I am a scientist. 他和我都不是科学家。 Neither of us is a worker.None of them are/is good at cooking neither和和 none1. neither/none of + 人称代词（宾格）人称代词（宾格）2. neither of 两者都不两者都不,谓语用单数谓语用单数3. none用于三者或三者以

19、上的否定；谓语单复用于三者或三者以上的否定；谓语单复 数均可数均可 Period IIone onesonethe other(s) someothers another it1. one常用来作代词,替代前文所出现的可数名词单数,表示人或物,以避免重复。例如： I havent got a ball pen. Ill have to buy one. (= a ball pen) 我没圆珠笔，我得去买一支。 Which one do you like? The big one. 你喜欢哪一个? 大的一个。2. the other, another都可解释为 “另一个”。other加上定冠词用

20、于两者中的另一个，another 指三者以上中的另一个。例如： He has two brothers. One is a doctor, the other is a teacher. Weve received two parcels, one from my uncle and the other from my aunt. I dont like this one, show me another, please. Ive just bought three things. One is a walkman, another is a pocket calculator, the th

21、ird is a video game.3. the otherothersthe others the other： 1)特指两个中的另一个 与one搭配构成“one，the other”句型。 He has two sonsOne is a workerthe other is a doctor 2)修饰名词，特指另一个、另一些 Tom likes swimming and the other boys in his class like swimming，too Others相当于other+可数名词复数，泛指其他的人或物，常与some搭配构成“some, others”句型。other

22、s 可单独作主语或宾语。 如：He often helps others Some like playing basketball，others like playing football the others特指确定范围内剩下的全部人或物 There are fifty students in our classTwenty of them are girls， the others are boys。 one表示表示“一个一个”，可代替前面提到过的人或物的，可代替前面提到过的人或物的单数单数 形式。形式。ones可代替前面的复数名词。可代替前面的复数名词。Which dress do yo

23、u like? The one with the white belt.These shoes are too small, let me try the ones without lace on.one ones1.it作人称代词作人称代词it的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复:Ningbo is a beautiful city, isnt it?也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子):Is this your dog？No, it isnt.也可指抽象事物:It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing lik

24、e that2.非人称代词非人称代词itit有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指自然现象、时间、距离等，称为非人称代词it：指天气：It is a lovely day, isnt it?It is a bit windy. It的用法的用法 指时间: It was nearly midnight when she came back. 指距离： It is half an hours walk to the city centre. 3. It is + adj. . 该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的部分。 It is very clear that hes round and tall

25、 like a tree. = That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear. It is possible for him to win the first prize. =To win the first prize is possible for him.4. It作形式宾语作形式宾语I found it difficult for her to answer this question5.It和和oneIt用以指特定的前面提到过的事物，即：it和它替换的是同一个事物，it前无修饰语；而one用于替换与前提事物有共同之处但并不完全一样

26、的事物，因此，one之前或之后可能有修饰语来加以区别。I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using_ now.I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _soon.itone1._ of the teachers are kind in our school. A.Every B. Each C.Either D All2.If you need _money, Ill lend you _. A.one,one B.any，some

27、 C.some，any D.any，any3.He has_ to tell us. A.something important B.important something C.anything useful D. useful nothing4.Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? _is OK. Im free today and tomorrow. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None5. Oh, there is someone in the room. _must be my teacher. A

28、. There B. She C. This D. It Exercise: 6.Neither I nor he_ from USA. A.be B. are C.am D.is7.Everyone can have a piece of bread,_? A.can,every one B.cant they C.cant it D. cant she8.Why dont you get_to read while you are on holiday? A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing9.Li Lei is taller than

29、_ in his class. A.anybody B.anybody else C.else anyone D.somebody else10.Therere more than twenty students in our school, but _of them are from France. A. none B. all C. neither D. both. 11. _ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. A. Each B. Any C. No one D. None12.We couldnt eat

30、 in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money on us. A. all ; no B. any ; no C. none ; any D. no one ; any13.There are trees on _ side of the street. A. every B. all C. either D. both14.There is a desk on _ side of the room. A. both B. either C. all D. every15. Which side can I sit on the boat? If yo

31、u sit still, you can sit on _. A. every side B. all sides C. both sides D. either side16.It is said that _ of his parents have gone to Beijing. A. all B. every C. both D. either17.Some students are absent-minded, _ of them heard what the teacher said. A. all B. none C. every D. not all18. Is _ here?

32、 No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody19.They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. none D. neither20. Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid _ day is possible. A. either B. neither C. some D. any21. If you

33、 want to change for a double room, youll have to pay _ 5. A. another B. other C. more D. each22. Which of the two books do you want? I want _. Please show me _. A. none ; another B. all ; the other C. neither ; the other D. neither ; another23._ side of the street is lined with different shops, _ of

34、 which sell electronic products. A. Both ; both B. Either ; all C. Neither ; either D. Either ; both24. Do you need anything else? Yes, we still need _ aircrafts. A. more two B. another two C. other two pieces of D. two other pieces of25.I had no idea which was better, so I took _ of them. A. any B.

35、 every C. none D. both26. The examination was easy, wasnt it? Yes, but I dont think _ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody27.Is there anyone who can do the job? . A. None B. No one C. Not one D. Not many ones28.I wanted some water, but there was in the bottle. A. none B. no C

36、. any D. nothing29.Tom and Mary have arrived, but students in your class arent here yet. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others30.Do September and April have thirty days ? A. every B. neither C. each D. all31. of us is active in English class.A. Every B. Every one C. Everyone D. Anybody32.We

37、have English classes day, Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. A. each other B. every other C. this and other D. all other33. The room was empty, but Tom felt that was watching him. A. anybody B. nobody C. somebody D. everybody34. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with . A. everything

38、 B. anything C. something D. nothing34. On side of the road there are a lot of trees. A. all B. both C. either D. neither35. Were very busy because we have so books to read and so_ work to do every day.A. a lot, much B. many, much C. many, a lot D. much, many36. I usually have eggs and milk for brea

39、kfast. A. a few, a few B. a little, a little C. a little, a few D. a few, a little 38. Are your parents interested in Chinese food? A. every B. both C. all D. each39. Dont worry. There is still time left. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few40. We should do to stop sandstorms from happening again a

40、nd again. A. nothing B. anything C. something D. some thing41. Li Lei often talks but does . So everybody says he is a good boy.A. less, more B. few, much C. more, little D. little, many 42. I have three caps. One is red, are black. A. another B. other C. the other D. the others43. He is a lonely ol

41、d man. He has friends. A. little B. a little C. few D. a few44. “Would you like some tea with sugar or milk, sir?” “No. Id most like tea with in it.” A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything45. She always thinks of more than herself. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others46. There ar

42、e quite a few old books on the shelf, but of them is useful to him.A. both B. all C. neither D. none47. If she doesnt want to do it, does want to?A. anybody else B. everybody else C. else every body D. else anybody58. “Why not go to see the film?” “Because there isnt , I hear.”A. nothing interesting

43、 B. something interesting C. anything interesting D. interesting something49. My friend and I dont often write too much because of us has much time.A. all B. both C. none D. neither 50. We were all very tired, but of us would like to have a rest.A. none B. any C. all D. neither51. “Are you intereste

44、d in maths or English, Jack?” “ . I prefer P.E.”A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None52. “Is here?” “No. Wei Ping and Lily have asked for leave.”A. anybody B. everybody C. somebody D. nobody53. There is with my bike. So I have to walk home. A. wrong something B. anything wrong C. nothing wrong D. something wrong54. They saw in the sky while they were fishing by the river. A. something strange B. anything strange C. strange something D. strange anything