英语阅读理解微技巧--细节理解题之解题策略ppt课件.ppt

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1、英语阅读微技能 -细节理解题之解题策略 推理判断 猜测词义篇章结构主旨大意观点态度细节理解五年高考课标卷五年高考课标卷阅读理解题量统阅读理解题量统计计年份年份 题量题量题题 型型2015课标课标全国全国卷卷2016课标课标全国全国卷卷2017课标课标全国卷全国卷2018课标课标全国卷全国卷2019课标课标全国全国卷卷细节理解题细节理解题1189710主旨大意题主旨大意题11122推理判断题推理判断题14451词义猜测题词义猜测题12111观点态度题观点态度题10000文章结构题文章结构题00000纵观近五年高考，可以看出纵观近五年高考，可以看出_的考查所占比例一直维的考查所占比例一直维持在持在

2、50%左右左右.细节理解题就是对文章中的特定细节或具体事实进行细节理解题就是对文章中的特定细节或具体事实进行判断和认定的题。判断和认定的题。细节理解题细节理解题组内核对课前练习答案并展示；组内核对课前练习答案并展示；1.哪些题属于细节理解题？哪些题属于细节理解题？2. 细节理解题的设问方式是什么细节理解题的设问方式是什么?1.According to the passage, when ( where, why, who, what, which, how,etc.)_?2.Which of the following statements is correct/true?（三误一正三误一正）

3、3.Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?（三正一误三正一误）4.What do we know about.?5 .细节理解类型一直接辨认型间接辨认型类型二集中型分散型测测试学生试学生对对特特定细节定细节或或重重要事实要事实的的辨认能辨认能力力细节理解题 类型划分1： 直接辨认型: 如：Which buttons directly control the movement of the Rocket Ball? 记住信息获取信息回忆并对号入座间接辨认型: 同义（反义）转换、排序、图文转换、数字转换、That means it

4、will take about 26 years to finish the project. When will the castle probably be completed ?A. In 2018 B. In 2023 C. In 2030 D. In 2032加工转换获取信息得出正确释义如： As is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that_集中型: 1. Which of the following is Not Mentioned/True?2. We can

5、 learn from the passage that _.3. All the following statements may be true except_.分散型:正确答案和干扰项对应的细节分散在文中多处Spot the differences步骤和方法：Step1：题干中选定关键词 （定位词）Step2：通过略读、查读锁定文中定位区域Step3: 结合信息区域上下文理解、比对 Step4: 排除干扰项，筛选得出答案细节理解题 解题原则及步骤、方法：原则：忠实于原文原句及全篇逻辑关系， 不能主观臆断定位词通常是哪些词？1.人名、地名等专有名词；年份、数字等数词及题干中的大写名词2.指

6、代具体事物或人物的名词3. 词义鲜明的动词、形容词、副词等实词题干和正确选项的典型特点？ When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mothers Chinese English. Because of her English, she was often treated unfairly. People in department stores, at banks, and at restaurants did not take her seriously, did not give her good service, pre

7、tended not to understand her, or even acted as if they did not hear her.41. Why was the authors mother poorly served? A. She was unable to speak good English. B. She was often misunderstood. C. She was not clearly heard. D. She was not very polite.替换关键词（同/近义词替换） Confucius .assumed that all men were

8、equal at birth, though some had more potential than others, and that it was knowledge that set men apart. Socrates focused on individual, and thought that the greatest purpose of man was to seek wisdom. He believed . What made some people different from others according to Confucius? A. Family B. Po

9、tential C. Knowledge D. Community词性或语态变化 Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of t

10、heir island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen. Which of the following was a cause of Naurus financial problem?A. Its leaders

11、 misused the money B. It spent too much repairing the islandC. Its phosphate mining cost much money D. It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.语言简化，长话短说 To be clear, becoming a parent is much,much harder for my wife. But Lacey does have one thing that I ve struggled to find: a space to talk abo

12、ut balancing work with parenthood. Due in part to the physical, mental and emotional tolls of pregnancy and childbirth, moms often find community in those shared experiences. What is bothering the author? A.His wife is fully occupied. B.His daughter is troublesome. C.He is failing to balance work an

13、d life. D.He can find nowhere to seek child-raising advise.正话反说题干和正确选项的典型特点 替换关键词：把文中关键词转化替换成同/近义词，设置题干或正确选项。 词性或语态变化 : 把原文句中的词变换词性或语态，以制造理解障碍。 语言简化, 长话短说：把原文中散杂语言现象进行提炼总结，成为题干或正确答案。正话反说：把原文中的意思反过来表达。 1.关注起承转合的过渡词，如however，but，moreover，therefore，hence， thus，nevertheless等，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。 2.

14、警惕语气绝对的词，如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, none，completely,absolutely 等，通常不是答案3. 关注试探性语气的词，如probably, possibly, may, usually, might, more or less,relatively, be likely to, not necessary ,tend to，be liable to，往往是答案选项的其他注意事项了解题目设计常考位置因果关系处转折处引言处列举处比较处自主学习自主学习 核对答案并思考干扰选项的典型

15、特点？正误并存；半对半错 The robot Buddy can guard the home when the residents are not home and contact a persons phone if it detects an intruder or fire.Many of the robots have cameras that act as eyes. For those concerned about someone hacking into a robot to peep into a home, there are safeguards to look for

16、 when purchasing one.“When the camera is activated, we will show it on the screen and specific lights so you know that someone is using your camera,” Hasselvander said about Buddy.What do we know about “Buddy”?A. 2018 will witness Buddy go into different families.B. Buddy is equipped with special ey

17、es to protect itself.C. Buddy can safeguard the home and sound the fire alarm.D. Buddy has an advantage over conventional smart products. Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but

18、 some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms. Which of the following statements is NOT True?A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.B. Food poisoning means death.C. Food poisoning comes in v

19、arieties.D. Food poisoning can be serious. 以偏概全；过于夸大无中生有；主观臆想 The crews are making progress at about half the speed of the workers from 800 years ago. That is because many of them are accustomed to using modern tools. When the crews use heavy chisels (凿子凿子)and hammers to break rock, as they did hund

20、reds of years ago, they are learning as they go.The goal of the project is to learn more about old building techniques in case they might be of use today. What is the purpose of building the castle in the ancient way ?A. To copy a famous ancient building .B. To experience the ancient way of life .C.

21、 To master ancient building techniques .D. To make a film about ancient buildings. .The first study looked only at stilettoheels, and Kerrigan said she wanted to study the chunky（粗短） high-heeled shoes she noticed many women wearing. This study confirms what we all intuitively know that high-heeled s

22、hoes of any kind are not good for our health, said Dr. Glenn Pfeifer, a San Francisco doctor Kerri gans late study looked at the chunky high-heeled shoes because_.A.they feel more comfortableB.they are related to knee osteoarthritisC.they are worn by many womenD.they are different from stiletto heel

23、s文不对题；答非所问 Wide-heeled shoes feel comfortable, so women wear them all day long, Kerrigan said. They are better for your feet than stiletto （细高跟）heels, but just as bad for your knees.“. On the eleventh day, the foreman tossed (扔) the problem back to the town manager. He, in turn, tossed it on to the

24、local game warden (狩猎监督官). The warden, absorbed in beaver knowledge, moved quietly and carefully out one night and placed a petrol-soaked bag over the dam. (Any beaver expert will tell you the creatures just cant tolerate petrol smell.) What did the local game warden do?A. He made steel traps to str

25、engthen the dam.B. He set out to hunt the beavers with firearms.C. He learned a lot about the construction of the dam.D. He used petrol-soaked bags to drive the beavers away.张冠李戴；偷换概念 What did the local game warden do?A. He made steel traps to strengthen the dam.B. He set out to hunt the beavers wit

26、h firearms.C. He learned a lot about the construction of the dam.D. He used petrol-soaked bags to drive the beavers away. The warden(狩猎监督官狩猎监督官) set out three steel traps that night. In the morning one was empty. The other two had been stolen by the beavers(河狸河狸) and used to strengthen the dam. The

27、warden, cursing the state law against hunting beavers with firearms, got his traps back and set them out again and again. And every night the beavers stole them.1 正误并存；半对半错 “干扰项” 面面观3 无中生有；主观臆想4 文不对题；答非所问5 张冠李戴；偷换概念 2 以偏概全；过于夸大Summarize in your group,and I hope No.6 and No.5 to give your presentation.7/8/9/10.2分分Homework u Try to analyze the reading comperehension you have done before and put tags on each of them.uAppreciate and accumulate advanced vocabulary and good sentences