国际学术交流英语第三单元ppt课件.ppt

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1、CompanyLOGOUnit 3 Academic Writing English for International Academic ExchangeUnit 3 Academic Writing Task 2 Notes and Acknowledgements Task 3 Selected Bibliography Task 1 Abstractv An abstract tells What the paper is about Why people should read it v An abstract is short, less than 300 wordsv Two T

2、ypes of AbstractDescriptive Abstract (说明性摘要）Informative Abstract (资料性摘要）Task 1 Abstract Descriptive AbstractvA descriptive abstract gives a generic description of the subjects covered but does not provide any specific details. vDescriptive abstracts are only appropriate for review articles. vThey ar

3、e inherently vague.Informative Abstract vAn informative abstract presents essential details of the research: the purpose, methods, scope of the paper, results, conclusions and recommendations.vInformative abstracts are appropriate for research papers. vThe specific details give a clear representatio

4、n of what is in the papers to enable the reader to make an informed assessment of whether that paper is relevant, useful or novel. Format vBackground (context, purpose, research gap) vMethod(s)vResults and DiscussionsvConclusions Sample Demonstration Sample 1 Confronting the Challenges of Student En

5、gagement: A Case Study of a School-based Intervention Rhodes, Hilary, PhD The Pardee Rand Graduate School Abstract: As John Mack, the president of the Los Angeles Urban League1, succinctly pointed out, school is just not cool for far too many of todays youth. While policymakers can insist that every

6、 child attends school, they cannot legislate the positive attitude, motivation and behaviors that are integral to students learning (National Research Council2; Institute of Medicine3, 2004). This dissertation explores a possible solution. It observes the implementation of a school-based program tha

7、t has shown promising results in increasing middle schoolers student engagement, the adolescents desire and dedication to learning. Specifically, it closely follows the Valued Youth Program4, a cross-age tutoring program, from its conception through adoption in Santa Monica-Malibu School District5,

8、which is facing marked diversity and achievement differentials across ethnic groups. It conducts a scientific evaluation of the programs effectiveness to influence intermediate student engagement outcomes, including attendance, school attitudes, disciplinary issues, and achievement (e.g., grades, st

9、andardized test scores) over the course of one year. Each step of the implementation is examined with a critical eye to how the process and the actors, both internal and external to the school system, facilitate or impede the programs final form and its ability to affect student engagement. This ana

10、lysis concludes with lessons learned that provide guidance for educators and community members to implement and sustain student engagement programs. background method conclusion title author & affiliation vNotes to cite the source of statements quoted or closely paraphrased in the text,to make cross

11、-references, to make additional comments about some point of the text, or to acknowledge someone else for an idea or argument.vAcknowledgements to thank and list the people who supported or contributed to the researchTask 2 Notes and Acknowledgements Notes vReference notes indicate the work/literatu

12、re cited. They may take the form of in-text notes, footnotes, or endnotes. vContent notes can be a useful way to provide additional information about a related topic without interrupting the flow of your paper. vContent notes take a variety of forms:provide additional information on persons, places,

13、 or ideas mentioned in the text. provide definitions of unusual or foreign terms. provide additional information on scholarly debates. provide additional bibliography on related topics. Notes vFormat of Notes Books: Name of author(s) Title and subtitle (if any) Name of editor, compiler, or translato

14、r, if any Number of edition, if other than the first Name of series in which the book appears, if any, with volume number Facts of publication (place of publication, name of publishing agency, date of publication) Page number(s) of the specific citation Notes v Format of Notes Articles: Name of the

15、author(s) Title Name of the periodical or journal Volume and issue numbers Date and the page number(s) Notes vIn-text notes (Wiebe 1993)vFootnotesvendnotes The search for an exact expression of these economic principles .and William Stanley Jevons.59 These were a school not.the early workFrench Spea

16、king60 Canadians and of American. _ 59. C. Gide and C. Rist, A History of Economic Doctrines, 2nd ed. (London: George C. Harrap, 1048), 599-514. 60. French-speaking Canadians were identified by their request for or return to the French version of the questionnaire. Basic Rules for Notes v BooksMicha

17、el Ondaatje, The Cinnamon Peeler (Toronto: MaClelland and Stewart, 1992), p. 13.v Journal Articles Laura Lush, “Fishing,” Antigonish Review 68 (Fall 1990), pp. 111-12.author titlepublisherplace of publicationdate of publicationpage numberauthor titlejournal namevolume no.date page numberReminder Dif

18、ferent journals have their own rules fornotes and references. Refer to their citationguide to get yourself familiar with the rules. Acknowledgementsv By acknowledgements, the writer thanks mentors and colleagues, lists the individuals or institutions that supported the research, and gives credit to

19、works cited in the text for which permission to reproduce has been granted. AdvisorProfessors Laboratory assistants Colleagues Parents Friends Sample Demonstration Sample 3ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSI would first like to thank my advisor, Luise von Flotow for all her support and guidance and for believing in m

20、y topic.I would also like to express my gratitude to my co-workers and management in Lexi-tech International for their support and understanding, without which I would never have completed the task.I would like to especially thank my family and friends, who listened to my frustrations and who believ

21、ed in me, sometimes more than I believed in myself. Thanks particularly to Genevieve Lortie for helping me with the songs and for the much-needed tea breaks. Thanks also to Jess Fodor for the midnight phone calls.vA bibliography is a list of all the materials that have been consulted while writing a

22、n essay or a book.vVarious types of bibliography are possible. The following are some of the popular documentation styles: APA (References)MLA (Works Cited)Chicago (Bibliography) AMA (References) Task 3 Selected Bibliography APA Style v Basic format for books Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Tit

23、le of work: Capital letter also for subtitle. Location: Publisher.authoryeartitle of work (italic)locationpublisherAPA style vBasic format for articles in periodicalsAuthor, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue number), pages.authorsyeararticle titleperiodicalvol. (no.)pages