2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit3TheworldmeetsChina单元综合检测含解析外研版选择性必修第四册.doc

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1、Unit 3 The world meets China单元综合检测(三)(时间：100分钟满分：120分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)AIf women are mercilessly exploited year after year，they have only themselves to blame.Because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion，they are always taken advantage of b

2、y the designers and the big stores.Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.When you come to think of it，only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.Chan

3、ging fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn.Women who can not afford to throw away clothing in this way waste hours of their time altering(改变)the dresses they have.Skirts are lengthe

4、ned or shortened；necklines are lowered or raised，and so on.No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth，comfort and durability.They are only interested in outward appearance and they t

5、ake advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort，as long as they look right.There can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day，or delicately picking her way through deep snow in highheeled

6、shoes.When comparing men and women in the matter of fashion，the conclusions to be drawn are obvious.Do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes，one wonder，reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability？Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.Do their un

7、changing styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability？That is for you to decide.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。女人爱美的天性被商人充分利用，他们不断推出各种新款服装，赚足了女士们的钱，而女士们为了美丽心甘情愿地被他们剥削。男士在服饰方面则显得比女士更理性。1Designers and big stores always make money Aby constantly changing the fashions in womens clothingBby merci

8、lessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industryCbecause they are able to predict new fashions for the coming seasonDbecause they attach great importance to the quality of womens clothingA推理判断题。第一段提到“因为她们一想到自己穿着过时的衣服出现在公众面前就不寒而栗，所以总是被服装设计师和大商场利用”，由此判断，这些人利用她们追求衣着时尚的特点来赚钱，故选A。2To the writer，t

9、hat women altering their old fashioned dresses is seen as Aa waste of moneyBan expression of tasteCa waste of timeDan expression of creativityC细节理解题。第二段说，女士们如果没钱置办新衣，她们就浪费几个小时的时间来修改她们现有的服装以追求时尚。由此判断选C，作者觉得这样做是浪费时间。3According to the passage，which of the following statements is true?AThe fashion indus

10、try makes an important contribution to society.BThe constant changes in womens clothing reflect their strength of characters.CFashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.DNew fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.D推理判断题。从第三段第一句可知

11、A项错误；第三段说，女士们为了美愿意忍受任何的不舒适，而没有提到反映了她们“性格的力量”，故B项错误；文章没有提到C项内容。从全文内容可知，作者觉得服装设计师推出各种新款服装的目的是赚钱，是“一年又一年无情地盘剥女士们”，由此判断选D。4By saying “the conclusions to be drawn are obvious”，the writer means that Awomen are better able to put up with discomfortBmen are more reasonable in the matter of fashionCmen are a

12、lso exploited greatly by fashion designersDwomens inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed atB推理判断题。最后一段说，比较男人和女人对时装的态度就能得出一个明显的结论，男人很聪明，不会被时装设计师欺骗。从这些叙述可知应选B，男士在选择服饰方面比女士更理性。BSome people say that the best way to reduce the size of your waist is to do stomach exercise.Many people bel

13、ieve that when specific muscles are exercised，the fatty tissues(组织)in the immediate area are burned up.The truth is that exercise burns fat from all over the body and not from one specific area.Of course，if you reduce the fat throughout your body，you will certainly see results around your waist，too.

14、Some people believe that you need to exercise twice a week in order to keep a sufficient level of physical fitness.However，studies directed by American scientists show that unexercised muscles lose their strength very quickly.Within 48 to 72 hours，you must use the muscles again to reestablish(重建)the

15、 good physical effects.And what does that mean to you？American scientists concluded that while daily exercise is most helpful，exercising every other day or three days a week will keep a sufficient level of physical fitness.Is it true that you burn more calories running one mile than walking the same

16、 distance？The answer is no.The truth is that you use the same amount of energy whether you walk or run the mile，since in both cases you are moving the same weight the same distance.The speed does not matter.Of course，if you run rather than walk for 30 minutes，you will cover more distance，and therefo

17、re，burn more calories.If your breathing doesnt return to normal within 5 minutes after you finish exercising，you have exercised too much.Five minutes or so after exercising，your breathing should be normal，your heart shouldnt be beating loudly，and you shouldnt be tired.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国科学家研究发现每两

18、天锻炼一次或每周锻炼三天有助于健康，并告诉我们身体上没有得到锻炼的肌肉会很快失去力量，需要在48到72小时内再次得到锻炼才能维持好的效果。5If you want to reduce the fat around your waist，you should Ado stomach exerciseBexercise the waistCexercise all the muscles of your bodyDrun fast for 30 minutesC细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The truth is that exercise burns fat from all over the

19、body and not from one specific area.”可知，运动不会只燃烧某一部分的脂肪，而是全身的脂肪，故要锻炼身体的所有肌肉。6From the second paragraph，we learn that Awe only need to exercise twice a weekBwe should exercise three times a weekCmuscles lose their strength after 48 hoursDwe should exercise every other day，or three days a weekD推理判断题。根据

20、第二段可知，每48到72小时之间必须活动才能保证充足的体力，所以专家得出结论：每天都练习是最有帮助的，每隔一天或每周三天锻炼才是保持身体健康的基本要求。故D项正确。7If you have exercised too much， Ayour breathing will take longer than 5 minutes to return to normal after you finish exercisingByour breathing will return to normal within 5 minutes after finishing exercisingCyour hea

21、rt will not be beating loudlyDyou will be too tired to moveA细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，如果锻炼过头的话，呼吸在五分钟内很难能恢复正常，也就是说要超过五分钟。8This passage tells us that Ait is better to do more running than walkingBthe more exercise you do，the healthier you will beCthe unexercised muscles must be used again within 48 to 72 h

22、oursDin order to lose weight，you have to run fastC推理判断题。倒数第二段提到散步和跑步，只要距离长度是一样的，消耗的热量一样，起到的作用是一样的，故可排除A、D项，B项文中未涉及。根据第二段中的 “.studies directed by American scientists show that unexercised muscles lose their strength very quickly.Within 48 to 72 hours，you must use the muscles again to reestablish (重建)

23、 the good physical effects.”可知C项正确。CAmericas greatest technological achievement，the Hoover Dam，now has a companion piece，a bridge held up by the longest arch in the Western Hemisphere(半球)The Mike OCallaghanPat Tillman Memorial Bridge，which opened this month and connects the US.states of Arizona and

24、Nevada，crosses the vast chasm(峡谷)890 feet above the Colorado River that is controlled by the dam.The striking 1，900footlong structure will improve traffic in the region and help protect the dam from being destroyed.It is the seventh highest bridge in the world，behind four in China，one in Papua New G

25、uinea and one in the US state of Colorado.“The Hoover Dam is the greatest civil engineering achievement in Americas history，” said the bridge project manager Dave Zanatell.“Our goal was not to outdo or outshine it.Our goal was to，in a respectful way，do something that would be great for our generatio

26、n and that would stand besides the Hoover Dam in a respectful and quality way that would become a part of Hoovers legacy(遗产)”Just as the Hoover Dam was built in the heart of the Great Depression(大萧条)and was seen as an example of the nations cando spirit，some hope this project can also provide some u

27、pliftThe bridge is surprising：at 1，050 feet，its support arch holds up a roadway that lies on 300footlong concrete pillars(柱子)，some of the tallest in the world.It contains 16 million pounds of steel.The idea of the bridge came into being in the 1960s because the top of the Hoover Dam has been a narro

28、w twolane road that is the fastest route from Arizona to Las Vegas and then the Pacific Northwest and Canada.Access to the dam from each direction is a dangerously winding route，but massive trucks and passenger vehicles shared it for decades.During the day，when thousands of tourists travel to the da

29、m from Las Vegas three times as many accidents as on a normal road will happen.The bridge has a sidewalk on the side facing the dam.The wall on both sides is 54 inches high，so walkers can take photos there.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一座为改善交通和保护大坝修建的大桥：麦克奥卡拉汉帕特提尔曼纪念大桥。9What is one of the purposes of building t

30、he bridge?ATo protect the dam.BTo save the cultures.CTo outdo the dam.DTo develop the tourism.A细节理解题。由第二段可知建大桥的目的是改善交通和保护大坝，故选A项。10The underlined word “uplift” in Paragraph 4 means Alift of the heavy objectBsupport in moneyCspiritual encouragementDinstruction in technologyC词义猜测题。由第四段可知胡佛大坝被认为是国民精神向上

31、的象征，帮助国民树立有所作为的精神，故选C项。11The text is mainly about Athe Hoover DamBwestern Americas developmentCa tour along the Colorado RiverDa recently built bridgeD主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是麦克奥卡拉汉帕特提尔曼纪念大桥胡佛大坝的伙伴。DOne reaction to all the concern about tropical deforestation(砍伐森林) is a blank(茫然的)stare that asks the question，“

32、Since I dont live there，what does it have to do with me? ”The answer is that your way of life，wherever you live in the world，is tied to the tropics in many ways.If you live in a house，wash your hair，eat fruits and vegetables，drink soda，or drive a car，you can be certain that you are affected by the l

33、oss of tropical forests.Biologically，we are losing the richest regions on earth when，each minute，a piece of tropical forest，the size of ten city blocks，disappears.As many as five million species of plants，animals，and insects(40 to 50 percent of all living things)live there，and are being lost faster

34、than they can be found and described.Their loss is immeasurable.Take rubber for example.For many uses，only natural rubber from trees will do.Synthetics(合成材料)are not good enough.Today over half the worlds commercial rubber is produced in Malaysia and Indonesia，while the Amazons rubber industry produc

35、es much of the worlds four million tons.And rubber is an important material in making gloves，balloons，footwear and many sporting goods.Thousands of other tropical plants are valuable for their industrial use.Many scientists strongly believe that deforestation contributes to the greenhouse effector h

36、eating of the earth from increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.As we destroy forests，we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.Carbon dioxide levels could double within the next halfcentury，warming the earth by as much as 4.5 degrees.The result? A partial meltdown of polar ice

37、caps，raising sea levels as much as 24 feet；even 15 feet could threaten anyone living within 35 miles of the coast.Unbelievable？Maybe.But scientists warn that by the time we realize the severe effects of tropical deforestation，it will be 20 years later.Can tropical deforestation affect our everyday l

38、ives？Now，you should have got the answer.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了热带雨林对全球气候变化的影响以及对人类生产生活方面的重要作用，呼吁人类停止破坏热带雨林。12In the last paragraph the author tries to Atell people how to avoid the tropical deforestationBpersuade people to buy something syntheticCshow us how important it is to protect the tropical fore

39、stsDlet people realize the effect of tropical deforestationC最后一段用一个问句的方式告诉我们热带雨林的砍伐已经影响到我们的日常生活了，保护热带雨林是何等的重要。13According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?AThe forests are losing their function in turning carbon dioxide into oxygen.BMany of our daily uses are related to the tropical

40、 forests.CTropical plants can be used to make industrial products.DHigh carbon dioxide levels will make the earth warmer.A第五段的最后一句“As we destroy forests，we lose their ability to change carbon dioxide into oxygen.”告诉我们，当我们失去雨林的时候，我们就会失去它们把二氧化碳转换成氧气的能力。由此可知，并不是雨林正在失去它们的转化功能。14The authors attitude towa

41、rds the tropical deforestation is ApuzzlingBcoldCsupportingDopposedD通过倒数第二、三段，作者指出了雨林被破坏后给我们带来的坏的影响。由此可知，作者对砍伐森林的做法是反对的。15Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?ATropical ForestsBSaving the Tropical ForestsCTropical Forests and Our LifeDThe Greenhouse EffectsC作者在第一段提到有些人对砍伐雨林

42、漠不关心，接下来分析了雨林在我们日常生活中的作用以及它的被破坏会对我们的影响，在最后一段的再次点题。由此可知，作者想通过两者的关系说明雨林对我们来说是非常重要的，故C为最佳答案。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)The Taj MahalShah Jahan finished building the Taj Mahal in 1648.He was a rich and powerful emperor，and he built the Taj Mahal as a memorial for his wife. 16 The word “taj” means crown

43、，and “Mahal” was the name of his wife.Twenty thousand people worked for 18 years to complete this beautiful domed(圆顶屋)building.A thousand elephants carried huge stones and jewels from all over India and central Asia to the Taj.Shah Jahan wanted this memorial to be a burial place for himself and his

44、wife.The Taj Mahal is on the Yamuna River in Agra in northern India. 17 Its picture is in most travel books and brochures.It is open daily from sunrise to sunset.For about fifteen rupees(or about US $0.33)，anyone can enter this peaceful and quiet place.As you enter，you pass through beautiful，silent

45、gardens.From the gardens，you cross a wide courtyard.Suddenly，you see the dome of the main building through a tall，red sandstone gate.At daybreak，the Taj Mahals white walls turn rose.At noon，they blaze(发光)white.At dusk，they become dark grey. 18 After you pass through the gate，you step onto a wide sto

46、ne platform.You look over another garden with pools.Everything is arranged carefully in fours. 19 The garden is divided into four parts.There are straight rows of colorful flowers and trees in each of the parts.At the four corners of the Taj Mahal，there are pointed tall towers.After the gardens，you

47、go down stone steps towards the main building with the tomb and the graves of Shah Jahan and his wife.After hundreds of years，the Taj Mahal remains a lovely and peaceful place. 20 AIt was a monument of love.BFour is a special number in the Moslem religion.CMany people want to visit the Taj Mahal som

48、e day.DThis beautiful building is truly a jewel for all people.EThe Taj Mahal is most beautiful by the light of the full moon.FTo many people around the world，the Taj Mahal is a symbol of India.GFrom the cool，dark gates，the Taj Mahal seems to float between earth and sky.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名古迹泰姬陵的背景、构造及布局。16A空前一句讲到泰姬陵是S