2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit1ScienceFictionSectionCUsingLanguageⅠ课后习题含解析新人教版选择性必修第四册.docx

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1、Unit 1 Science FictionSectionCUsingLanguage()课后篇巩固提升基础夯实.单词拼写1.Mary was chosen for the job because she was the (占优势的) candidate.答案superior2. (劳动者) shortages have forced the Japanese into making heavy use of industrial robots.答案Labour3.The words on the stone tablet have become (模糊不清的) with the passag

2、e of time.答案blurred4.If you are wrong,admit it.You wont lose (尊严),but will gain respect.答案dignity5.There is a (冲突) between what they are doing and what you want.答案conflict.短语填空by the way,beside the point,take over,be adapted into,remind.of,on the other hand,pros and cons,superior to1.Was it in 1948

3、that the government the railways in Great Britain?答案took over2.They sat for hours debating the of setting up their own firm.答案pros and cons3.It cannot be questioned that the new method is the old one.答案superior to4.The novel a TV series and became a national hot topic for quite some time.答案was adapt

4、ed into5.,how long have you been a cameraman?答案By the way6.To build another skyscraper in the city is .答案beside the point7.She simply welcomed him and him the last time they had met.答案reminded;of8.On the one hand,we should develop our economy;,we should protect the environment.答案on the other hand.完成

5、句子1.这一款式在技术上超过了与之竞争的产品。This model is technically its competitors.答案superior to2.现在你要保持安静,最重要的是,不要说话。Now keep quiet,and,dont try to talk.答案above all3.她认定我是接管这项工作的最佳人选。She decided that I was the ideal person to the job.答案take over4.你离开家走上社会的日子不远了。It will not beyou leave home to make your way in the wo

6、rld.答案long before素养提升.完形填空主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文词数:284难度:I get many emails each week from people who want to start building robots.As a builder of robots for 30 years,heres my1 on the subject.First,lets decide what a “robot” is.In my opinion,a remote controlled car is not a robot since it has no brain of

7、 its own.To be a robot,it should have the 2 to think and make decisions.This may sound 3 at first,but really any small computer can be programmed to make decisions.I want to encourage you,but4,building a robot is not easy.This is a task that would take a normal person several months or years.In 5,as

8、 past president of the Dallas Personal Robotics Group,Ive known professional engineers that spent several years just to 6 a mobile base working.Im not trying to7 you,but I just want you to know what 8 of project this is.If you are willing to spend many months,much money,and potentially 9and discoura

9、gement,then design and build your own robot from scratch.Most people10 that they can build a robot with parts found around the house and that is partially true.I think 11 screwdrivers would be a good drive motor.12,there are many things that you will have to 13,especially when it comes to the electr

10、onics,sensors and microcontroller parts.These items are simply not available in the bottom of a toy box or at your local Walmart.14 almost all believed it would cost much 15 when they began,most robots built from scratch cost between $200 and $400.Many people spend well over $1000 and some,much more

11、.【语篇解读】作者是一位机器人制造方面的专家,他每周都会收到很多人的来信询问如何制造机器人,本文就如何制造机器人提出了一些建议。1.A.explanationB.instructionC.adviceD.question答案C解析explanation解释;instruction指示;advice建议;question问题。从下文看是作者的一些建议。2.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.ability答案D解析havetheabilitytodo有做的能力。power权力;strength力量;force力。3.A.interestingB.hard C.easyD.exci

12、ting答案B解析根据转折词but和any(任何一个)判断,上文应为“听起来难”。4.A.immediatelyB.honestly C.especiallyD.eventually答案B解析根据“我想鼓励你”和“但是不容易”判断,此处应为“说实话”。5.A.generalB.fact C.commonD.need答案B解析ingeneral一般说来;infact事实上;incommon共有;inneed需要。根据下文的“作为”推断,要用“事实上”。6.A.get B.enableC.causeD.make答案A解析getsthworking让运转起来。enable和cause后要用towor

13、k;make后要用work。7.A.discourage B.encourageC.convinceD.satisfy答案A解析上文谈到的是制作机器人的困难,所以此处作者说“我不想让你泄气”。8.A.colourB.size C.dateD.range答案B解析根据后面的project看,应该是“让你知道这个工程(计划)的大小”。9.A.excitementB.enjoymentC.disappointment D.pleasure答案C解析根据后面的discouragement判断。10.A.recogniseB.suggestC.permitD.believe答案D解析believe相信,

14、此处指“大部分的人都这样认为”。11.A.electric B.electricalC.electronicD.electricity答案A解析electric电动的;electrical有关电的;electronic电子的;electricity电。根据screwdrivers看,应为“电动的”。12.A.ThereforeB.However C.Otherwise D.Besides答案B解析上下文为转折关系,所以用however,意为“然而”。13.A.borrowB.buy C.lendD.build答案B解析上文提到制作机器人的许多部件可以在家里找到,然后通过转折词,我们就可看出这些

15、东西需要“购买”。14.A.BecauseB.ThroughC.Although D.Since答案C解析上下文是让步关系,所以用although。15.A.moreB.cheaperC.higherD.less答案D解析根据下文的“costwellover$1000”判断,一开始的时候,几乎所有的人都认为花费要少。.语法填空主题语境:人与社会语篇类型:说明文词数:171难度:If a little human-like robot begged you not to shut it off,would you show sympathy?In an experiment 1.(intend)

16、 to find out how people treat robots when they act like humans,many participants struggled to power down a begging robot named Nao.2. experiment was conducted by researchers in Germany,whose findings 3.(publish)in the scientific journal PLOSONE.The robot Nao,4.was designed to beg about half of the p

17、articipants not to switch it off but not the other half,was used 5.(measure)if his begging affected how people reacted.In one previous experiment,researchers found that people preferred communicating with robots with complementary (互补的) personality characteristics to their own.And since robots can e

18、xhibit social characteristics either 6.(speak)with human voices or taking the shape of a human body,the research 7.(suggest)that people tend to react “8.(especial) social to them.”The researchers said a possible 9.(explain)for their results was that people regarded Naos begging 10.“a sign of making

19、its own decision”.答案与解析【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。如果一个人形机器人请求你不要关掉它,你会表示同情吗?文章介绍了被称作Nao的乞讨机器人。1.intended考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;experiment与intend构成逻辑上的被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语;beintendedto.表示“旨在”,故填intended。2.The考查冠词。根据语境可知,此处特指“上文提到的实验”,且此处位于句首要大写首字母,故填定冠词The。3.werepublished考查动词时态和语态。根据主句中的wasconducted可知,此处时态应用一般过去时

20、,表示过去发生的事情;复数名词findings与publish构成被动关系,故填werepublished。4.which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词Therobot,指物,从句中缺主语,故填which。5.tomeasure考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;beusedtodosth表示“被用来做某事”,动词不定式作目的状语,故填tomeasure。6.speaking考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用非谓语动词;根据ortaking以及either.or.结构连接两个相同的成分可知,应填speaking。7.sug

21、gests考查动词时态。根据语境可知,此处应用一般现在时陈述客观事实,故填suggests,表示“表明,暗示”。8.especially考查副词。此处应该用副词修饰形容词social,故填副词especially。9.explanation考查名词。根据不定冠词a以及形容词possible可知,此处应用名词单数形式,故填explanation。10.as考查介词。regard.as.为固定词组,表示“把视作”,故填介词as。.概要写作阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。YourRobotTeacheroftheFutureWill your job be done by a r

22、obot in the future?Bank of England economists predict that almost half of all UK jobs are under threat of automation.Those most at risk involve repetitive manual labour,such as factory positions.But could even the respected profession of teaching soon have to compete against powerful electronic educ

23、ators?At first glance,teaching might seem unlikely to be replaced by robots.Teachers use a range of soft skills that machines find hard to replicate.They judge pupils needs and tailor feedback accordingly.They adapt materials to make them more attractive and effective.And they look out for students

24、who lag behind or disrupt the class.Nonetheless,some believe the future of education will be technological.In an interview with BusinessInsider magazine,futurist Thomas Frey predicts that “by 2030 the largest company on the Internet is going to be an education-based company that we havent heard of y

25、et.”He thinks that online robot teachers will make education so efficient.Students will be able to get an undergraduate degree into six months of learning.A bot learns what your “interests” and “reference points” are,“and it figures out how to teach you in a faster and faster way over time,” accordi

26、ng to Frey.Whether or not such incredible speeds will be reached,over the last decade there has been a huge increase in online learning platforms.Some companies produce courses that allow millions to learn at home for free,at their own pace.But there are limitations.Without the face-to-face stimulat

27、ion of a classroom environment,the majority of students fail to complete online courses.How to sustain motivation to learn is one more skill that online teachers will need to master.Indeed,Frey admits there is some way to go:“Nobody has quite cracked the code for the future of education.” What do te

28、achers themselves think about this?Professor Donald Clark from Derby University in the UK thinks that we should welcome change,even though people will lose their jobs.“Artificial intelligence will destroy jobsso why not use it for a social good such as learning?” he asked.参考范文The article introduces

29、the possibility of a robot teacher in the future.(要点1) Though robots may replace humans in factories,it is impossible that teaching will be done by robots.(要点2) Teachers use soft skills such as feedback and personal care at classrooms.However,online robot teachers will know a learners weaknesses and strengths,so they provide efficient teaching.(要点3)Some companies provide free courses online but students lack motivation to finish their lessons.Anyway,AI is welcomed to do good to learning.( 要点 4)