2021届高考英语二轮复习高频阅读词组+练习二十六含解析.doc

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1、2021届高考英语高频阅读词组+练习（二十六）一：词组梳理1 respond to 对反应， 响应， 对（药）有效2 in response to（=as an answer to）回答，反应3 be response for 对负责， 是造成原因4 rest onupon（=be supported by）依靠，寄托5 agree on 对取得一致意见 6 agree to 同意 7 agree with sb. 同意某人的话 8 along with 和.一道,和.一起9 alternate (with) 交替10 amount to 合计,共计11 an equal to 与(地位)相同

2、的人/物12 rest with =be in hand of） 在手中， 是的责任； 由决定； 依靠13 restrainfrom（=hold back from）抑制不14 rea test on 对进行测试 15 a test with 检测手段 16 above all 最重要的17 according to 根据 18 achieve equilibrium 取得平衡 19 achieve ones purpose 达到目的 20 achieve success 获得成功 21 achieve victory 获得胜利 22 act on 遵照行动,作用于23 strictto（=k

3、eep within limits）把限制于24 result in （=cause） 导致25 with the result that 其结果是26 in return （for） 作为报答； 以报答（for）27 a host of 大量 28 a test for 检测目的 29 act on 对有影响 30 add up to 总计,合计 31 addto. 把加到.32 adhere to 坚持,奉行33 after all 毕竟34 and yet 然而 35 anything but 一点也不36 anything like 像那样的东西 37 anywhere near 接近

4、于 38 apart form 除之外尚有 39 apply to 向申请,适用于 40 appreciation of 对的欣赏 41 argue against 反对 42 as a result of 作为的结果,由于 43 as a result (作为结果,因此)表结果44 as a whole 作为一个整体,整个看来 45 as far as /are concerned 就而言 46 as for 至于,就方面说 47 as if 好像,仿佛 48 as soon as一.就.49 as though 好像,仿佛 50 as to 至于,关于二：习题训练（A） Ieoh Ming

5、 Pei, one of the last great modernist architects, has died aged 102.Although he worked mostly in the United States, Pei will always be remembered for a European project: his redevelopment of the Louvre Museum in Paris in the 1980s.Pei was the first foreign architect to work on the Louvre in its long

6、 history, and initially his designs were fiercely opposed.But in the end, the French and everyone else were won over.His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris most famous landmarks.Pei was born in China in 1917 into a wealthy family.His father was a banker.His arti

7、stic mothera calligrapher and musicianhad the greater influence on him.Despite not speaking English, he moved to the US at the age of 18 to study at Pennsylvania, MIT and Harvard.He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, foundi

8、ng his own firm in 1955.He carried on working well into old age, creating one of his most famous masterpiecesthe Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatarin his 80s.He has designed buildings, hotels, schools and other structures across North America, Asia and Europe.His other work includes Dallas City Ha

9、ll and Japans Miho Museum.His style was influenced by his love of Islamic architecture.His favoured building materials were glass and steel, with a combination of concrete.He won a variety of awards and prizes for his buildings, including the AIA Gold Medal, the Praemium Imperiale for Architecture.I

10、n 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms.He used his $100,000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America.In person, Pei was always neatly dre

11、ssed, good-tempered, charming and unusually modest.1What do we know about Pei and his work on the Louvre Museum?AThe French approved of his designs at first.BPei was the only foreign expert employed by the Louvre.CPei made use of glass in his designs.DPei retired after completing the work.2Which is

12、the correct order of time for the following facts in the passage?He received the Pritzker Architecture Prize.He founded his own firm.He created the Museum of Islamic Art.He worked as a research scientist.ABCD3What words can be used to describe Pei according to the passage?AProductive and humorous.BG

13、enerous and modest.CDetermined and outgoing.DAttractive and responsible.4What can be the best title of the passage?ALouvre Pyramid Architect Dies Aged 102BPrizes Awarded to PeiCLandmarks Created by PeiDA Famous Architect Passed Away （B）Some time after 10，000 BC，people made the first real attempt to

14、control the world they lived _1_ ，through agriculture. Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on _2_ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.Farming produced more food per person _3_ hunting and gathering，so people were able to

15、 raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food _4_(need). Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology _5_(change)lives.By about 6000 BC，people _6_ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the _7_ (season)，pla

16、nting at the right time and，in dry areas， _8_ (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with _9_ rise of science，changes began. New methods _10_ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes ha

17、ve accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers(化肥)have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.答案及解析A【答案】1C2C3B4A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了享誉世界最后的现代主义建筑大师贝聿铭的生平事迹。1细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句His glass pyramid outside the Louvre, completed in 1989, is now one of Paris most f

18、amous landmarks.（卢浮宫外的玻璃金字塔于1989年完工，现在是巴黎最著名的地标之一。）可知贝聿铭在他的设计中使用了玻璃。故选C。2细节理解题。根据第三段中He worked as a research scientist for the US government during World War Two, and went on to work as an architect, founding his own firm in 1955.（二战期间，他曾为美国政府担任研究科学家，1955年，他创办了自己的公司，之后成为一名建筑师。）可知贝聿铭为美国政府担任研究科学家，之后19

19、55年成了自己的公司；根据最后一段中In 1983 Pei was given the fifth Pritzker Architecture Prize for giving the 20th century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms.（1983年，贝聿铭被授予第五届普利兹克建筑奖，以表彰他为20世纪创造了一些最美丽的室内空间和外部形式。）可知贝聿铭在63岁时被授予普利兹克建筑奖；根据第三段最后一句He carried on working well into old age, creating

20、 one of his most famous masterpiecesthe Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatarin his 80s.（他一直工作到晚年，80多岁时创作了他最著名的杰作之一卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。）可知贝聿铭80多岁创作了卡塔尔多哈的伊斯兰艺术博物馆。故顺序为，选C。3推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句He used his $100,000 prize money to start a scholarship fund for Chinese students to study architecture in America.（他

21、用10万美元奖金为中国学生在美国学习建筑设立了一个奖学金基金。）可知贝聿铭是非常慷慨大方的；以及文章最后一句In person, Pei was always neatly dressed, good-tempered, charming and unusually modest.（就个人而言，贝聿铭总是衣着整洁，脾气好，富有魅力，而且非常谦虚。）可知贝聿铭很谦虚。故选B。4主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句Ieoh Ming Pei, one of the last great modernist architects, has died aged 102.（贝聿铭，最后一位伟大的现代主义建筑

22、师之一，去世，享年102岁。）以及文章主要为介绍贝聿铭的生平事迹可知A选项符合题意。故选A。 B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了农业的发展历史。1.考查介词。句意：公元前10000年以后，人们第一次真正尝试通过农业来控制他们所居住的世界。分析可知，“they lived _”应是之前名词the world 的定语从句，定语从句引导词被省略，可推知先行词应是在从句中作宾语，即：they lived in the world. live in+名词，意为“居住在某地”。故填in。2.考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种

23、的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。3.考查固定搭配。句意：农业比狩猎和采集的人均粮食产量更高。结合句意可知，此句中将农业生产与狩猎和采集相比，应用比较连词than。more than，意为“比更”故填than。4.考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单

24、句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。6.考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.7.考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。8.考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，

25、他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式（doing）形式做状语。故填making。9.考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着.的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。10.考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。