2021_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit2HealthyLifestylePeriod2素养检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第三册.doc

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1、Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle课时素养检测 六Unit 2Period 2. 阅读理解AUnhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year, more even than smoking tobacco, according to a major study. “But the biggest problem is not the junk food we eat but the nutritious food we dont eat, ” say researchers, call

2、ing for a global shift in policy to promote vegetables, fruit, nuts and beans. While sugar and trans-fats are harmful, more deaths are caused by the absence of healthy foods in our diet. Heart attacks are the main diet-related causes of death, followed by cancers and diabetes (糖尿病). The study found

3、that eating and drinking better could prevent one in five deaths around the world. “Rather than trying to persuade people to cut down on sugar, salt and fat, which has been the main focus of diet policy debate in the past two decades, it would be better to promote healthy options. Adoption of diets

4、emphasizing beans and other healthy plant sources of protein, for instance, will have important benefits for human health, ” note the researchers. The study is the most comprehensive analysis on the health effects of diet ever conducted. It looked at 15 different nutrients, giving detailed knowledge

5、 of the analysis and summary of the risk factors of them. Tom Sanders, a professor of nutrition and dietetics (饮食学), said the analysis put too much emphasis on individual components rather than the overall diet. “Overweight is a major driver for risk of diabetes as well as cancer and the health evid

6、ence for this relationship is strong. Overweight is caused by eating more food energy than required rather than specific dietary components such as sugar. The trend for populations to sit too much is a major reason why there is an imbalance between energy intake and consumption but increased availab

7、ility of foods with high calories makes it too easy to overeat. ”【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现, 不健康的饮食习惯是各类疾病的诱因, 同时也增加了死亡的风险。建议人们吃健康的营养丰富的食物。1. What do the researchers think is the best way to lower preventable death rate? A. Restricting junk food. B. Trying to eat healthily. C. Avoiding risk factors. D. A

8、dopting high-calorie diets. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由第一段中的Unhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year第二段中的calling for a global shift in policy to promote vegetables, fruit, nuts and beans和第三段第一句The study found that eating and drinking better could prevent one in five deaths around

9、the world. 可知, 只要做到健康饮食, 就可以降低可预防性的死亡的风险, 故选B。2. Whats the major concern of the current diet policy? A. The diversity of food. B. The importance of nutritious food. C. The reduction of unhealthy food intake. D. The balance between diet and exercise. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子Rather than trying to persua

10、de people to cut down on sugar, salt and fat, which has been the main focus of diet policy debate in the past two decades, it would be better to promote healthy options. Adoption of diets emphasizing beans and other healthy plant sources of protein, for instance, will have important benefits for hum

11、an health. 可知, 与过去二十年的健康饮食策略强调减少糖分、盐和脂肪的摄入不同, 现在的饮食策略则强调营养、健康的食物的摄入。故选B。3. Which of the following does Tom Sanders agree with? A. The analysis overlooks dietary integrity. B. Overweight results from diabetes and cancer. C. People who rarely exercise must diet strictly. D. Particular dietary componen

12、ts lead to overweight. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。由最后一段首句Tom Sanders, a professor of nutrition and dietetics, said the analysis put too much emphasis on individual components rather than the overall diet. 可知, 在Tom看来, 研究分析过度强调饮食中各种独立部分的作用, 却未能从整体角度关注饮食, 故选A。4. Where is the text most likely from? A. A product broch

13、ure. B. A cookbook. C. A medical textbook. D. A health journal. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据文章第一段Unhealthy diets are responsible for preventable deaths globally per year, more even than smoking tobacco, according to a major study. 再结合全文内容来看, 文章都在就“健康饮食”话题展开。由此可知, 这篇文章可能来源于健康类杂志。故选D。BI received a private message

14、on Facebook. It began harmlessly enough: “Hey, girl. Wanted to invite you to join my next challenge groupwell be focusing on fitting in 30 minutes of exercise and balanced nutrition. ”It was all becoming too much. Facebook was running my life, not me. But what killed Facebook for me was when I poste

15、d a photo, and five minutes later my son asked me how many “likes” it had got. His question was a wake-up call. “Likes” are signs of acceptance and approval. I had forgotten that acceptance and approval need to come from within and had unknowingly set him a bad example. Before Facebook, surfing the

16、Internet was an occasional distraction and I spent a lot more time reading books and magazines. I checked in with friends through texts, emails and phone calls. To recreate the simplicity of those days and set a healthier example to my son, I deactivated my Facebook account. Id been in the habit of

17、checking Facebook many times a day, so I had to come up with some new habits. I carried a novel and a crossword puzzle book around with me. I rediscovered knitting. I started taking yoga classes. I started to remember a few things. My body is fine just the way it is. I have friends who will help me

18、out when Im in trouble, and I will help them out. I do my best to be a good mother, and our son is happy and healthy. We are very lucky to be able to afford two vacations a year. I stopped looking at the world through my cellphone. I felt completely present in the moment. The break left me feeling b

19、etter about myself, my family, my home and my life. After a few weeks, I returned to Facebook. Now I look at the photos of my friends kids growing up and treasure how social media allows me to keep in touch with family far and wide. I look in on a daily basis, but no longer with the desire constantl

20、y to post updates. It is not an addiction any more. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者如何摆脱Facebook, 活在当下, 享受生活的过程。5. What was the authors life like before her break from Facebook? A. She enjoyed reading in her free time. B. She spent much time on social media. C. She didnt get along well with her son. D. She didn

21、t care what others thought of her. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。从文章第二段It was all becoming too much. Facebook was running my life, not me. 可知, 在摆脱Facebook之前, 她曾经把大量的时间花费在社交媒体上。 6. The underlined word “deactivated” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to “_”. A. closeB. updateC. keepD. check【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据画线词前的To rec

22、reate the simplicity of those days and set a healthier example to my son可知, 作者想要再造之前简单的生活, 给儿子树立一个好的榜样, 作者要关掉Facebook账号。故选A。7. What did the author do to change her life? A. She went to the gym as often as she could. B. She developed some healthy habits. C. She tried to make money for her holidays. D

23、. She traveled around a lot for a year. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。由文章第七段中的I had to come up with some new habits. I carried a novel and a crossword puzzle book around with me. I rediscovered knitting. I started taking yoga classes. 可知, 作者在关闭了自己的Facebook账号后, 开始培养自己的新习惯。故选B。8. What is the authors attitude towards s

24、ocial media? A. Critical. B. Supportive. C. Objective. D. Indifferent. 【解析】选C。情感态度题。在文章中的倒数第四段开始谈自己关闭Facebook账号之后的感受: 懂得了活在当下, 关爱家人, 热爱生活, 同时在倒数第二段提到一段时间后, 作者会在Facebook上看朋友小孩的照片, 珍惜社交媒体拓宽了作者的生活。虽然作者每天都查看Facebook, 但不再希望不断发布更新。说明作者对Facebook是比较客观的态度。故选C。. 完形填空As night approached, we sat around the camp

25、fire laughing and teasing one another. Suddenly there came a strange sound. We1 beyond the fire, into the darkness. My heart began to pound 2. Maybe the cougar(美洲狮)spotted a few days earlier had returned. Silence took over as we were3 to see anything beyond the edge of firelight. There was a ploppin

26、g sound, then a grey 4 moved across the gravel(碎石), just beyond the lights. What was it? We held our breath as the thing again dropped onto the gravel and moved quickly out of 5 . “Maybe its a flying squirrel. ” someone said. There was another plop and6 near our car. Something seemed odd. What was i

27、t? A friend7 his camera and waited for the creature to return. It landed again and just as quickly vanished. “It seemed to be 8 too fast, ” said our camera fan, “and I was unable to get a 9 of the strange animal. ”He moved to the edge of the firelight, 10 himself for a better shot, and then began to

28、 laugh. There was a crunching of gravel and from 11 the cars darkened end emerged Rogers, who camped with us every summer. He carried a fishing rod. On the end of the fishing line was a grey sock, giving it a head and 12. We had all been 13 by a flying grey sock. All the people burst into laughter.

29、We sat long into the evening 14 past years and other funny stories. Yes, the camping 15 differed every summer but the friendship remained the same as a chosen summer family. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者和朋友们在一次山中露营时发生的一个乌龙事件: 黑暗里的不明物体不断发出奇怪的声音, 大家误以为是让人恐惧的美洲狮或其他什么生物, 而最后结果却是一只挂在钓鱼竿上的灰色袜子在空中晃来晃去。1. A. fellB.

30、rushedC. staredD. jumped【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。fell掉下; rushed急忙; stared凝视; jumped跳跃。根据后文beyond the fire, into the darkness可知, 因为突然发出的声音, 大家都盯着篝火外的黑暗的地方, 想知道是什么东西。故选C。2. A. deeplyB. secretlyC. lightlyD. wildly【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。deeply深深地; secretly秘密地; lightly轻微地; wildly疯狂地, 失控地。结合后文Maybe the cougar spotted a few d

31、ays earlier had returned. 可知作者心里怀疑是以前看到的美洲狮, 因此作者内心非常恐惧, 故心脏狂跳起来。故选D。3. A. desperateB. criticalC. cautiousD. accurate【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。desperate极度渴望的; critical批判的, 至关重要的; cautious谨慎的; accurate精确的。由下文的to see anything beyond the edge of firelight可知, 四周一片寂静, 他们渴望了解是什么发出了奇怪的声音。故选A。4. A. sockB. creatureC. s

32、quirrelD. wood【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。sock袜子; creature生物; squirrel松鼠; wood木头。根据后文for the creature to return可知, “砰”的一声, 然后一个灰色的生物飞过碎石, 不见了。故选B。5. A. reachB. dateC. sightD. curiosity【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。reach范围; date日期; sight视力; curiosity好奇心。根据just beyond the lights可知, 那个让他们好奇和害怕的东西掉在沙砾上, 迅速地消失了, 他们还是没有看到那个东西是什么, 短语ou

33、t of sight“看不见”。故选C。6. A. disappearanceB. excitementC. birthD. shock【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。disappearance消失; excitement激动; birth出生; shock震惊。在我们汽车附近又有一声扑通的声音, 然后就消失了。故选A。7. A. chargedB. grabbedC. examinedD. fixed【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。charged控告; grabbed抓起, 捕获; examined检查; fixed修理。由后文his camera and waited for the creatu

34、re to return可知是抓起了相机想要拍照。故选B。8. A. growingB. movingC. changingD. sweeping【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。growing生长; moving移动; changing改变; sweeping清扫。由后文too fast可知, 摄影爱好者所说的是似乎它移动得太快了。 故选B。9. A. greetingB. signalC. pictureD. meeting【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。greeting问候; signal信号; picture照片; meeting遇到。结合上文his camera可知“没能拍摄到这只怪兽的照片”

35、。故选C。10. A. caughtB. pushedC. positionedD. relieved【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。caught抓住; pushed推; positioned使就位, 站好位置; relieved减轻。根据上文He moved to the edge of the firelight可知他走到火光的边缘, 找个更好的拍摄位置, 然后他就大笑起来了。故选C。11. A. acrossB. beyondC. throughD. over【解析】选B。考查介词辨析。across穿过; beyond较远的一边, 超过; through通过; over在上面。句意: 随着碎

36、石的嘎吱嘎吱声, Rogers从较远一边的黑暗的车尾出来了, 他是每年夏天都和我们一起宿营的一个朋友。故选B。12. A. fishB. endC. cutD. body【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。fish鱼; end结束; cut切割; body身体。结合上文giving it a head and可知钓鱼线的末端是一只灰色的袜子, 让钓鱼竿有一个头和身体, 从而让作者他们误以为是什么怪兽。故选D。13. A. touchedB. attractedC. controlledD. tricked【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。touched触碰; attracted吸引; controlled控

37、制; tricked欺骗。人们一开始以为是什么可怕的怪兽, 结果却是一只套在钓鱼竿上的袜子, 因此他们是被一只袜子欺骗了。故选D。14. A. regrettingB. recommendingC. recallingD. interpreting【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。regretting后悔; recommending推荐; recalling回想起; interpreting解释。结合后文past years and other funny stories可知是在回想(recalling)往事和其他有趣的故事。故选C。15. A. experiencesB. instructions

38、C. situationsD. results【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。experiences经历; instructions指令; situations情况; results结果。句意: 每个夏天露营的经历都不一样, 但对于命中注定在夏季一起野营的这个大家庭而言, 友谊却是永远不变的。故选A。【技法导练】完形填空中的熟词生义现象总结近几年的高考, 我们很容易发现熟词生义现象的出镜率在明显地增多。产生这种现象的主要原因是语言变得更加鲜活, 而从另一个侧面来讲, 学生所学的语言也有了更多的维度, 而不是单纯一个单词或短语或零散的句子。因此要更好地应对高考, 也就要在日常学习中有必要的学习准备。

39、以下是2019年全国各地完形填空中所出现的熟词生义用法的具体语句及熟词生义。1. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the_of Kilimanjaro. (全国卷)A. positionB. age C. face D. name分析: 选C。face 指“面貌, 外观特征”; 其熟义为“脸”。2. The environmental challenges are _but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be paying off. (全国卷

40、)A. newB. specialC. significantD. necessary分析: 选C。significant意为“(数量或程度)大的, 巨大的”; 其熟义为“重要的, 有意义的”。3. The environmental challenges are significant but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be_. (全国卷)A. paying offB. spreading outC. blowing upD. fading away分析: 选A。pay off意为“取得成

41、功, 得到好结果”; 其熟义为“还清(欠债等)”。4. I will go to college with these_in mind and continue my work with Cuddle Buddies, even when I engage in a whole new set of exciting academic and nonacademic pursuits. (天津春季卷)A. plansB. imagesC. lessonsD. motives分析: 选C。lesson意为“教训, 经验”; 其熟义为 “课, 功课”。5. Immediately, I conta

42、cted agencies that support those children and they said the stuffed animals would certainly_childrens spirits. (天津春季卷)A. captureB. reflectC. liftD. record分析: 选C。lift意为“(使)振奋, 提升(情绪)”; 其熟义为“举起, 抬起”。6. She said she_my wallet on a bus seat. (天津卷)A. movedB. placedC. openedD. spotted分析: 选D。spot意为“发现”, 是动

43、词; 其熟义为“地点”, 是名词。7. Wilson said, “Its such a(n)_to be a part of these kids lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories. ”(北京卷)A. effortB. ambitionC. privilegeD. convenience分析: 选C。privilege意为“荣幸, 幸运”; 其熟义为“特权”。8. How can we_the ever-widening gap that separates us

44、from other animals? (江苏卷)A. leaveB. bridgeC. openD. identify分析: 选B。bridge意为“弥补(差距), 消除(分歧)”, 是动词; 其熟义为“桥”, 是名词。通过对以上具体实例的分析, 我们可以看到, 了解熟词生义的用法, 可以帮助学生更好地理解句子的意义, 从而提高学习英语的效率。语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Its an acknowledged 1. _(true)that young people have their own cultures, lifestyles and a

45、ttitudes. They are 2. (constant)connected on social media, creating and sharing their own cultures. This is why Chinese director Zhu Lexian has tapped into youth trends, 3. _(bring)out a documentary series titled Generational Gravity. The documentary has four key 4. _(subject)of interest to the glob

46、al young generationstreet culture, beauty and makeup, hairstyles and party culture. Zhu noticed that more and more young people, despite different 5. _ (culture)backgrounds, welcomed and shared similar lifestyles. Sun Yu, director of the documentarys first two episodes, also 6. _ (grow)up listening to hip-hop music and developed 7. _ thorough understanding of street culture. “You can see lots of young people in Los Angeles lean against the walls and snap(快拍)photos of their clothes to put on social media while waiting for hours outside th