2022年专题18阅读理解记叙文类-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列含解析 .pdf
《2022年专题18阅读理解记叙文类-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列含解析 .pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2022年专题18阅读理解记叙文类-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列含解析 .pdf(36页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、专题 18 阅读理解记叙文类方法与技巧方法概述记叙文类文章描述的是一件具体事情的发生、发展和结局,通常有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些文章是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的,在叙述的过程中有详有略;有些文章是按时间的顺序叙述的,有顺叙、倒叙等。从总体上来讲,文章的难度通常不大,在阅读过程中,我们一直在某个线索的引导下,随着作者的思路去了解一个故事或一件事情的始末,因此会感到比较轻松。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手,考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。阅读此类文章应特别注意:(1)若是一般故事性文章,应读懂故事的发生,发展,高潮和结局;
2、 (2)若是“哲理故事” ,要理解故事所蕴含的哲理意义;(3)若是“逸闻趣事” ,应体会对话的风趣性,进而才能感受幽默的精髓。命题方式考点一、细节事实理解。一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的,所有这些信息以某种顺序(时间、空间、情感变化等)排列起来,来进一步解释或阐释主题,体现文章的主旨大意。细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力,属于表层理解题范畴,难度较小,但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大,细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问,也常使用下列方式来提问4.According to the passage,when
3、/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc.?1. 直接事实题在解答这类问题时要求学生抓住题干文字信息,采用针对性方法进行阅读,因为这类题的答案在文章中可以直接找到。如:A giant dam was built many years ago to control the Colorado River in the U.S.This dam was built to protect the land and houses around the river. This huge dam is in the Black Canyon.It is possible to dr
4、ive a car from one side of the river to the other on a road,which is on the top of the dam.This dam is so big that there is an elevator inside.The elevator goes down forty-four stories from the road to the bottom.There is enough concrete in this dam to build a highway from New York to San Francisco.
5、Thousands of people worked 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - on this dam for five years. This huge dam was called Boulder Dam when it was finished in 1936.Later it was renamed Hoover Dam in honor of a president of th
6、e United States.Hoover Dam , one of the highest dams in the world ,is situated between the states of Arizona and Nevada. Q :Hoover Dam lies_ . A.between Arizona and Nevada B.in the Black Canyon C.between New York and San Francisco D.both A and B 【解析】 由第二段的第一句话和最后一段的最后一句话可得出正确答案是D项。2. 间接事实题解答此类题,需要结合
7、上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断或者要进行简单的计算。Invited by Mr.Ye Huixian,host of the well-received TV programme “Stars Tonight”,Miss Luo Lin ,Miss Asia of 1991,appeared as the guest hostess on the Shanghai TV screen last Sunday. Born in Shanghai and taken to Hongkong when she was only six years old,Luo Lin has neve
8、r dreamed of being Miss Asia.Her childhood dream was to be an air hostess.Before she took part in the competition,she had been an airhostess in Cathay Airline for seven years.However , it still took her three months to learn the art of walking on the stage,dancing,singing,making-up and other proper
9、manners,designed by the Asia TV Station. “It s really a hard job for me.I wont enter for such competition any more.Anyhow,I am quite lucky.I am also glad to have had more chance to work for the social welfare since I won the title.This time,in Shanghai,I d love to make a deep impression on my TV aud
10、ience,”said Luo Lin with a sweet smile. Q :Which of the following is NOT true? A.Luo Lin is a native of Shanghai. B.Luo Lin moved to Hongkong with her parents. C.Luo Lin won the title of Miss Asia in 1991. D.Asia TV Station helped Luo Lin to become Miss Asia. 【解析】 A、 C和 D项都可在原文找到答案,而 B项原文所给的是:taken
11、to Hongkong 可判断不是moved to Hongkong with her parents,因此选B。名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 3、数据推算。If you register both the VIEW qualification course and the Forum at the same time,you will save_ . A.$100 B.$300 C.$35
12、0 D.$400 这类题目要求学生就文章提供的数据,以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时:1. 要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息含义。2. 弄清众多信息中那些属于有用信息,那些属于干扰信息。3. 不要孤立看待数字信息,而要抓住一些关键用语的意义。考点二、主题理解或写作意图推断。一、主旨阅读理解题考查的内容1. 短文的标题( title,headline) ;2. 短文或段落的主题(subject ) ;3. 中心思想 (main idea);4. 作者的写作目的(purpose) 。二、此类题的设问方式2.What does the second paragr考点三、推理
13、推断。推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理,推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或弦外之音的能力,属于深层理解题。此类题的设问常常包括infer,imply,suggest,conclude 等词,这类题的设问方式主要有:名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - 5.The author sug10.From th
14、e text we can conclude t15考点四、词义、句义猜测。词义猜测阅读理解题考查对文中关键词语的理解。在阅读理解题中,所考查的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上,要根据语境来判断。此类题的设问方式主要有2.As used in the passage,the p4.The word “. ” is closest in meaning to.猜词是应用英语的重要能力,也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”,通过构词、语法、定义、同位、对比、因果、常识、上下文等线索确定词义。1. 定义法。如 :
15、 Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. 句子给予annealing 以明确的定义,即“退火”。It will be very hard but also very brittlethat is,it will break easily. 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。The herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year. 定语从句中 looks
16、after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为“牧人”。2. 同位法。如 : 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - They traveled a long way and at last got to a castle,a large building in old times. 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义,
17、即“城堡”。We are on the night shiftfrom midnight to 8 a.m.this week. 两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是“夜班”的意思。3. 对比法。如 : She is usually prompt for all her class,but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. but一词表转折,因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是“她今天第一节 上了一半才来”,因此反向推理,可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。4. 构词法 ( 前缀、后缀、复合、派生等
18、) 。如 : Perhaps,we can see some possibilities for next fifty years.But the next hundred? possibility 是 possible 的同根名词 , 据此可以判断定 possibility 意思是“可能性”。5. 因果法。如:The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken.Sometimes the weakness was permanent.So the player could never play the sport again. 从后面的结果“永
19、远不能再运动”中,可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的,永久”。体验高考2017浙江卷6 月考 ABenjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camels hair. There were n
20、o camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush. The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged (蓬乱 ). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admi
21、t what he had been doing. The cats lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings (版画 ) by an artist. These were th
22、e first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 36 页 - - - - - - - - - In 1747,when Benjamin was nine years old ,Mr Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Be
23、njamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit. In the city, Mr Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape (风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter,came to see him work. Wi
24、lliams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said ,“Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night. ” While it is likely t
25、hat he understood very little of the books,they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.21What is the text mainly about? A. Benjamins visit to Philadelphia. B. Williams influence on Benjamin. C. The beginning of Benjamins life as an
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 2022年专题18阅读理解记叙文类-2018年高考英语备考中等生百日捷进提升系列含解析 2022 专题 18 阅读 理解 记叙文 2018 年高 英语 备考 中等 百日 提升 系列 解析
限制150内