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1、英语国际音标表( 48 个)元音( 20 个)辅音( 28个)轻辅音/p/ 颇/t/ 特/k/ 克/f/ 佛/ / 四(咬舌音)/s/ 四浊辅音/b/ 伯/d/ 得/g/ 个/v/ 勿/e/ 字(咬舌音)/z/ 自轻辅音/ ?/ 是/h/ 和/ts/ 差(ci)/t ?/ 迟/tr/ 缺浊辅音/ ?/ 日/r/ 若/dz/ 资/d ?/ 之/dr/ 拙鼻音/m/ 呣/n/ 呢/ ?/ 嗯半元音/j/ 也/ w/ 我边音/ ? / 了长元音短元音i: sea, he, see, piece, ceilingi sit, build, miss, myth a: car, fast, class,
2、 plant, calm, aunt? cup, come, blood, rough ?: door, more, sport, ball, warm ? hot, want u: good, who, blue, soupu look, put, women, could?: girl, work, serve, nurse? ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor ? bad, land, bank, stampe bed, desk, head长元音/ :/ 啊(长音)/ ?:/ 喔(长音)/ ?:/ 额(长音)/i:/ 一(长音)/U:/ 屋(长音)短
3、元音/ ?/ 阿/ ?/ 哦/ ?/ 额/ ?/ 一/U:/ 屋/e/ 挨/? / 挨/e ?/ 和 拼 音 的“ei ”一样/a ?/ 挨/ ?/ 外双元音/ ?/ 一而/e ?/ 挨而/U ?/ 勿而/ ?U/ 欧/aU/ 袄名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 英语音标及字母组合对照1.元音: 1) i: 字母组合 :ee ea e ie ei (eo ey i )three tree green sheep m
4、eet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please he she me piece receive ceiling 2) I 发音字母i y e ui u a sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss myth many twenty happy dictionary defect decide delicious 3) ? 发音字母a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad b
5、lack back glad flag shall man 4) e 字母组合ea e a (ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay )head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any 5) : 字母组合 ir ur ear er or girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth he
6、ard term her nerd serve work worm work world 6) 字母组合er or ou ar o a e u teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control polite around account ago elepha
7、nt manta banana Canada Japan china men listen famulus Saturday 7) a: 字母组合ar a car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) ? 发音字母u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood 9) ?: 字母组合al or au our ar small
8、wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter 10) ? (?)发音字母o a ou hot lost lot fox
9、 box mop hop loss collar not want wash watch 11) u: 字母组合 oo o u food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude 12) u 字母组合oo ou u o look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolf 13) ei 发音字母a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April pla
10、y say may way great break rain paint plain they grey 14) ai 发音字母i y bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) au 字母组合ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town 16) u 发音字母o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below gro
11、w blow show flow boat coat goal 17) ? 字母组合 oy oi boy toy joy oil soil voice choice 18) i 字母组合eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce idea 19) ? (e?)字母组合 ear air ere pear bear chair air fair there where care 20) u au?字母组合 our ower hour tour flower shower 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
12、- - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 48 个英语音标犹如 60 个汉语拼音,只要熟练地掌握了它们,对学习英语的作用是相当大的。语音知识 : 1) 字母:语言的书写形式。元音字母只有a,e,i(y),o,u 2) 音素:音的最小的单位。英语中有48 音素。即20 个元音音素和28 个辅音音素 . 3) 元音:发音响亮,是乐音;口腔中气流不收阻碍;是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20 元音。4) 辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音;口腔中气流受到阻碍;不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28 辅音。5) 音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音
13、单位。apple,student,teacher,understand。6) 开音节:a) 辅音 +元音 +辅音 +e name bike home due; b) 辅音 +元音he,go,hi。7) 闭音节:a) 辅音 +元音 +辅音 bad,bed,sit,hot,cup; b)元音 +辅音 it。8) 重读音节:单词中发音特别响亮的音节。读音规则1) 重读音节 (见元音和辅音的例句)。2) 非重读音节 banana,student,today,after,i orange ,secret,evening,very,Monday 。特殊读音1)音的连读:前面的词以元辅音结尾,后面的单词以元
14、音开头,这样结尾的辅音要和开头的元音连读。not at all, half an hour,I love you and all 、after all。2)失去爆破:辅音爆破音或摩擦音后面跟的是爆破音、破擦音和摩擦等,前面的辅音要失去爆破。good girl ,good student,good job,expression,school,extreme。3)音的同化:两个特殊的音碰到一起,会发出变异成特殊的音。Would you do it? I am glad to meet you 、Cant you see it? last year,this year。重音A)双音节词a)一般在第一
15、个音节重读。letter,sorry。b)有 a-,be-,de-, re-,res-,in-,im-,en-, em-,es-,ex-,con-,com-,dis-,mis-,pre-,per-,pro-,trans- 等前缀的词,第二个音节是重音。about,believe, address ,decide,report,condemn,respect,compare,inform ,discuss,impress,mistake,enforce, prepare,employ,permit,escape ,produce,exclaim ,translate c)有 de-,in-,re
16、-,con-, pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关,一般名词的重音在第一个音节上,其它的词性在第二个音节上。record, record; insult ,insult; conduct ,conduct; present present; content,content。d)有些复合词和带有前缀re-,ex-,un-,pre-,post-,等的词,有两个重音。outside, retell, well-known ,unreal,fifteen, Chinese,pre-war,post-war。B)多音节词a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。difficult , communist,fam
17、ily ,economy,opportunity ,democracy。b)有一些双音节词,加了前缀和后缀成了多音节,但这些词按原来词根的重音读音carefully ,indefinite ,comfortable ,conductor,according,disturbance,complicated ,establishment。c)词尾有 -eous, -grahpy,-ial ,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify ,-ion,-ious,-ity ,ive 后缀的词,重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。courteous,calligraphy ,editorial
18、 ,historian,periodic,mathematics,experience,sufficient ,identify ,translation, religious ,curiosity ,protective。d)词尾有-ain,-ee,-eer,-ese,-ette 后缀的词,重音在该后缀上,而且有一个次重音。entertain,employee,mountaineer,Japanese ,cigarette。2、鼻音 后鼻音(闭嘴)m man 后鼻音(张嘴)n nine, knife, autumn 前鼻音(张嘴)? bank, uncle, English, sing, 3
19、、半元音j yesw wall, what, answer4、舌侧音l land, world5、其他辅音h hot, whor read, write6、容易混淆的辅音1) v w vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well 2) s sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math 3) z e closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - - 4)n ? thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页,共 5 页 - - - - - - - - -
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