2022年定语从句专项讲解与练习- .pdf

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1、精品资料欢迎下载定语从句专项讲解与练习定语从句的定义：从句作定语，修饰名词、代词，这样的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句作定语放在先行词的前面。如果要表达 :我喜欢那个漂亮的女孩。I love the pretty girl. 如果要表达：那个喜欢我的女孩。只能借助于定语从句the girl who loves me. 其中 the girl 即为定语从句的先行词，而who 即为定语从句的关系词。指人： who 、 whom 关系代词指物： which、 as （作主宾表）指人和物:that,whose 关系词表时间：when 关系副词表地点：where （作状）表原因：w

2、hy 1、who 指人， who 在从句中当主语。He who has not reached the Great Wall isn t a true man. 不到长城非好汉。The teacher _spoke at the meeting just now is having a rest in his office. 中文意思： _ 作主语时不能省略，作宾语时可省略。2、whom 指人，是who 的宾格形式，在从句中作宾语，前面没有介词时，可用who/that 来代替，也可省略。The girl _ I like isn t here now. 中文意思： _ The doctor w

3、ith _she went to the United States last month is very famous. 中文意思： _ The person _ you met yesterday is our Chinese teacher. 中文意思： _ 3、whose 指“谁的”，或“某物的” ，在从句中作修饰词。whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中可作主语及动词或介词的宾语。The girl _father is a doctor is our classmate. You re the only one _ advice he might listen to. 中文意思： _

4、 I d like a room _window looks out over the sea. 中文意思： _ 4、that 在从句中作主语或宾语，既可以指人又可以指物；作宾语时可以省略。She is the very person (that) I want to see at once. 中文意思： _ A plane is a machine_ can fly. 中文意思： _ 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页精品资料欢迎下载5、which 在从句中作主语或是宾语，只能指物；West Lake _lies

5、in Hangzhou is one of the most famous lakes in China. 中文意思： _ The coat (_) I put on the desk is black. 6、as 当先行词有such , so , the same等修饰时 , 关系代词要用as ； as在从句中可作主语，宾语和表语。e.g. 1) . I have never seen such a kind girl as she is . 2) . He is such a good teacher ( so good a teacher ) as every student respe

6、cts . 但在以下两种情况下有区别：. as从句可位于句首(或主句前 ) , 而 which 从句只能在主句后。e.g. _ is often the case , we have worked out the production plan . A . Which B . When C . What D . As that, which 可以在从句中当主语或宾语，当宾语时可以省略。whom 在从句中是当宾语的，也可以省略。但是，当以上关系词前面有介词时，就不能省略。A）指人时who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，把以下两个句子合并成一句：I thank the

7、 woman. The woman helps me a lot. I thank the woman who (that)helps me a lot. （主语）The man was Jone . I saw him. The man (who whom that) I saw was jone.( 作宾语 ) She was the woman . I told you about her. She was the woman (who whom that) I told you about .( 做介词宾语 ) / She was the woman about whom I told

8、 you.( 介词后只能用宾格) B）指物时which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，把以下两个句子合并成一句：A prosperity appears in the countryside. A prosperity had never been seen before . A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。 （which / that 在句中作主语）1. Where is the book (

9、which/that) I bought last week? A. which B. that C. who D. as 2.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which C) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语 , 若指物，它还可以同of which 互换） , 例如： They rushed over to help the man. His car had broken down. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总

10、结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8 页精品资料欢迎下载They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。It there anyone in your class _family is in the country? A. who B. whos C. which D. whose that 与 which 的区分A） 指物或人时宜用that 的情况：先行词是不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, much, little, few等时Is t

11、here anything (that) you don t understand? All that can be done has been done. 先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much 等修饰时，I want to read all the books _ were written by Lu Xun. 先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book (_) I have ever read. This is one of the best films _I have ever seen. This is the b

12、est_ can be done now. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same修饰时，如果是人时，可以用who/whom 来代替。He is the only person_can help you out. 中文意思： _ This is one of the very book that I am looking for. 中文意思： _ 当先行词既指人又指物时。We are talking about the people and the things (_) we have visited in this country. 中文意思：我

13、们正在谈论在这个国家所见过的人和事。关系代词作定语从句中be 的表语时， that 可以省略。The city is no longer the one (that) it used to be. Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be. 主句是以who, what, which 开头的特殊问句时。Who is the person _ is making this lecture? 是谁在做报告？B) 只能用which 不能用that 的情况。that， those作主语时Those which are on the desk are E

14、nglish books. 先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big. （二）关系副词：when, where, why 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。1 关系副词的用法：1） when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词通常有：time, day, morning, night, week, year 等。如：精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，

15、共 8 页精品资料欢迎下载I still remember the time when I first became a college student. Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? 1Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 2） where 指地点， 在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常有：place, spot, street, house, room, city, town

16、, country等，如：This is the hotel where they are staying. I forget the house where the Smiths lived. Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 3） why 指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注： why 时常也可以省略。如：

17、That is the real reason he did it. 请分析一下定语从句： ( 请划出定语从句，并标出先行词) 1. Check the ways you study for an English test. 2. Another thing that I found very difficult was English grammar. 3. You couldn t understand people who talked fast. 4. I have some ideas that may help. 5. They said something you didnt l

18、ike. 6. Can you think of any problems you have had recently? 8. He would always take pride in everything good I do. 9. My friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school. 10. What are some of the rules that a teenager should obey? 12. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tel

19、l me. 13. Standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some countries. 14. If you know someone you know doing this, you can ask them. 15. All I ever wanted to do was traveling. 练习：1. Please pass me the cartoon book _has a Mickey Mouse on the cover. A. whom B. whose C. wh

20、o D. which 2. Whenever he was late, he could find plenty of excuses _sounded reasonable. A. who B. where C. when D. which 3. -What are you looking for? -I m looking for the book_you lent me yesterday. A. that B. who C. whose 4. Tony, tell me the result of the discussion _you had with your dad yester

21、day. A. what B. which C. when D. who 5. The book _I bought yesterday is lost. A. that B. whose C. who D. whom 6. The river _ is in front of my village is quite clean. A. who B. what C. / D. that 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页精品资料欢迎下载7. Mount Wuyi _lies in the north of Fujia

22、n is famous for its mountains. A. which B. what C. who D. whose 8. -Do you know the girl_ is dancing over there? -Yes. She is Tom s sister. A. who B.whom C. which 9. Success will belong to those _never say “ impossible” . A. whom B. what C. who D. which 10. The first thing_ my brother is going to do

23、 this afternoon is to write a letter. A. which B. that C. why D. who 11. -Is there anyone here_name is betty? -Sorry, I don t know. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 12. All the students _ come from Class Five will visit the History Museum. A. whom B. that C. who D. which 13. I love the “ Super Girl

24、” Li Yuchun _ is beautiful and sings well. A. who B. which C. where D. what 14. The athlete to _ you talked is a famous runner. A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 15. The young woman_ skirt is white is our English teacher Miss Yang. A. who B. whose C. whom D. that I.单项选择。1. -Do you know the man _is ta

25、lking with your father? -Yes, he s our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom 2. Is this the river _I can swim? A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day? A. that you boug

26、ht B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it 5. Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing. A. that B. it C. which who 7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gate A.

27、who s B. whose C. that of which. 8. The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister. A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was 9. I love places _the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where D. who 10. The world _ is made up of matter. A. in that we live B. on which we live C. whe

28、re we live in D. we live in . 用适当的关系代词that, which, who, whom 填空。1. The first thing _you must do is to have a meal. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页精品资料欢迎下载2. April 1st is the day _is called April Fool s Day in the west. 3. The family _had lost everything in a big fire got muc

29、h help from their friends. 4. The house _we live in is very old. 5. Didn t you see the man _I talked with just now? That ,which ,which ,who ,whom . 初中定语从句专项练习题1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _? A. whom I spoke B. t

30、o who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year _the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day _Ill never forge

31、t. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory _well visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _. A. that ha

32、ve been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book _the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen _he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which

33、 D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of _sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class _family is in the country? A. who B. whos C. which D. w

34、hose 14.Im interested in _you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isnt such a man _he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 18.Li Ming, _to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went wit

35、h B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页精品资料欢迎下载19.I dont like _ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school. A. which

36、 B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, _is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of _are women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it. A. who;/ B./; whom C. whom;/ D./

37、; who 24.I lost a book, _I cant remember now. A. whose title B. its title C. the title of it D. the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake, _Hangzhou is famous in the world. A. for which B. for that C. in which D. what 26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV. A. that B. w

38、hich C. as D. it 27.I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when 28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong. A. which B. whose C. what D./ 29.This is the reason _he didnt come to the meeting. A. in which

39、 B. with which C. that D. for which 30.This machine, _for many years, is still working perfectly. A. after which I have looked B. which I have looked after C. that I have looked after D. I have looked after 31.The reason _he didnt come was _he was ill. A. why; that B.that;why C. for that;that D.for

40、which;what 32.He is working hard, _will make him pass the final exam. A.that B.which C.for which D.who 33.That is not the way _I do it. A./ B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars, _are of great use. A. all of which B. either of which C. both of that D. both of which 35.I want to use

41、 the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago. A. as was B. which was C. as were D. which 36.My neigh bours used to give me a hand in time of trouble, _ was very kind of them. A. who B. which C. that D. it 37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph. A. that B. which C. from that D. from

42、 which 38.He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done. A. that B. which C. who D. as 39. You can depend on whatever promise _ he makes. A. / B. why C. when D. whose 40. Smoking, _ is a bad habit, is, however, popular. A. that B. which C. it D. though 41. - Did you ask the guard _ happened?

43、 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页精品资料欢迎下载- Yes, he told me all _ he knew. A. what; that B. what; what C. which; which D. that; that 42. I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm with the farmers, _ has a great effect on my life. A. when; who B. that; which C. whi

44、ch; that D. when; which 43. The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing. A. owns; are B. owns; is C. own; is D. own; are 44. During the days _, he worked as a servant at the Browns. A. followed B. following C. to follow D. that followed 45. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. /

45、 C. which D. it 46. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, _ he could see _ was going on inside house. A. which; what B. through which; what C. through that; what D. what; that 47. Is _ some German friends visited last week? A. this school B. this the school C. this school one D. this school where

46、48. John got beaten in the game, _ had been expected. A. as B. that C. what D. who 49. I have bought two ballpens, _ writes well. A. none of them B. neither of them C. neither of which D. none of which 50. All that can be eaten _ eaten up. A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页