2022年2022年考点形容词和副词-年中考英语语法考点纵览教学提纲 .pdf

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1、此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用中考英语语法考点纵览3 形容词和副词一、形容词、副词概述1、形容词定义：形容词 (adjective)，简称 adj， 用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。2、副词定义：副词 (adverb)，简称 adv，用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，表示时间、频率、范围、语气、程度等。二、形容词、副词考点纵览考点一：形容词的功能及位置考点 1：形容词作定语。形容词作定语，放在名词之前，不定代词之后。He lives in a beautiful house. 他住在一座漂亮的房子里。There is nothing important i

2、n todays news. 今天报纸上没有什么重要内容。典型例题1It is a kind of _ (health) food. 答案：healthy （health 的形容词是healthy ，这里用形容词修饰名词food。 ）典型例题2 Do you know _ in this field? A. anybody famous B. famous anybody C. somebody famous D. famous somebody 答案： A（一般疑问句用anybody ，而且形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要后置。）典型例题3 We all like Julia, because

3、she is a _ girl. A. alike B. lovely C. awake D. well 答案： B（a lovely girl表示“一个可爱的女孩”）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用考点 2：形容词作表语。 形容词作表语， 放在系动词 （be, feel, look, smell, taste, sound, get, become, ke

4、ep, turn, seem等）之后。Everything will be all right. 一切都会好的。After a long walk, I felt tired. 走了很远的一段路后我累了。 表语形容词只能做表语或后置定语，这类词多半是以a-开头的形容词。alone 单独的asleep 熟睡的awake 醒着的alike 相似的afraid 害怕的alive 活着的She was alone at home. 她独自一人在家。I was awake all night. 我整个晚上都没合眼。The girl awake is his younger sister. 那个醒着的女孩

5、是他的妹妹。典型例题1 -What do you think of the cake? -It tastes _. A. good B. badly C. well D. terribly 答案： A（taste 是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，三个选项只有good 是形容词）典型例题2 The_ girl was smiling. She looked very _. A. asleep, happy B. slept, sad C. sleeping, happy D. sleep, angrily 答案： C（这里表示“熟睡的女孩正在笑，她看起来非常开心”）典型例题3 We should

6、keep _ in the reading room. A. quite B. quietly C. quiet D. quickly 答案： C（keep quiet 表示“保持安静” ）考点 3：形容词作宾语补足语。形容词做宾语补足语，放在宾语之后，常与make, leave, keep, find 等动词连用。He keeps the classroom clean every day. 他们每天保持教室干净。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 13 页

7、 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用People usually keep the vegetables fresh in the fridge. 人们常把蔬菜放在冰箱里保鲜。典型例题1 It is good to leave the door _ when it is very cold. A. open B. opened C. close D. closed 答案： D（close 的形容词是closed，这里表示“最好让门处于关着的状态”）典型例题2 We all love Miss Yang. She always makes

8、her history class very _. A. interest B. interests C. interesting D. interested 答案： C（interesting 表示历史课有趣，与物连用用interesting ，与人连用用interested ）典型例题3 I found the door _ when I got home. A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open 答案： D（open 的形容词还是open，这里用来作宾语补足语）考点 4：形容词的名词化。“ the+ 形容词 ” 具有名词特征，表示一类人或事物。如t

9、he old (dead, rich, poor, sick, beautiful, new.) 当表示一类人或事物作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The blind are taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家盲人受到很好的照顾。 当表示抽象概念时，谓语用单数。The beautiful is not always the useful. 美丽的并不总是有用的。考点 5：形容词的先后顺序。如果有两个或两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时, 形容词的先后顺序由它们和被修饰的名词之间的密切程度而定, 越密切的形容词越靠近名词。如果几个形容词的密切程度差不多则按

10、音节少的形容词放在前面, 音节多的形容词放在后面。为方便记忆， 可记住一句话： 美小圆旧黄，法国木书房。限数词性状形容词名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用定词冠词指示代词物主代词序数词基数词描绘性形容词形状大小长短高低年龄新旧温度颜色国籍地区出处材料物质目的用途a(n) the this my first second third one two good k

11、ind sick rude nice little big large long round old new hot cold red black British Chinese Asian eastern stone silk writing medical 典型例题1 John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _ car. A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white 答案： B（按照“大小 +颜色 +国际”的顺序）

12、名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用典型例题2 There are dinner tables on display in the hall. A. two big round new Chinese wooden B. two Chinese big round new wooden C. big round new Chinese two wooden D.

13、 big round new two wooden Chinese 答案： A （按照“限定词+大小 +形状 +新老 +国际 +材料”的顺序）典型例题3 Mr. Brown has car. A. a beautiful new American B. a new American beautiful C. a new beautiful American D. an American beautiful new 答案： A（按照“限定词+描绘 +新旧 +国际”的顺序）考点二：副词的功能及位置考点 1：副词的分类及位置。表示类别例句时间now, then, before, ago, early

14、, lately, late, yesterday地点here, there, above, below, down, up, downstairs, upstairs 程度very, much, so, too, quite, fairly, rather频率always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, seldom, hardly, never方式fast, quickly, slowly, happily, quietly评注honestly, maybe, generally举例for example, such as. 疑问when, wher

15、e, why, how 联系therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, still位置：名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用1.一般副词做状语时放在谓语动词之后，如谓语动词后带有宾语，放在宾语后。2.频率副词放在be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前。3.某些逻辑连接副词，为了强调上下句衔接，放在句

16、子前。4.enough 修饰形容词和副词时，要放在所修饰词之后。典型例句They are laughing happily. 他们在高兴地大笑。She is never late for school. 她上学从不迟到。We often go out for a walk after supper. 晚饭后我们常常去散步。He got up early enough to catch the bus. 他起得足够早，可以赶上公交车。考点三：形容词副词比较级、最高级考点 1：形容词、副词比较级的变化规则。（1） 规则变化构成法原级比较级最高级单音节词+er/est short shorter s

17、hortest cold colder coldest 以不发音 e结尾的词+r/st wide wider widest large larger largest 单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写末尾辅音字母+er/est big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词，变 y 为i+er/est heavy heavier heaviest busy busier busiest 多音节词在important more most 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

18、 - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用前面+more/most important important beautiful more beautiful most beautiful (2)不规则变化原级比较级最高级good/well better best bad/ill/badly worse worst old older/elder oldest/eldest many/much more most little less least far farther

19、/further farthest/furthest 典型例题1 I wish you do talking and some more work. Actions speak louder than words. A. less B. much C. more D. little 答案： A（这里表示“说的少、做的多”，所以用less来修饰 talk ）典型例题2 There are people in China than in India. That means the population of China is than that of India. A. much; smaller

20、 B. more; large C. bigger; more D. more; larger 答案： D（这两空都用比较级more 和 larger ，因为后面都有than ）典型例题3 We have sent some books to the children in that village. However, they still need (many). 答案： more（根据句意，表示“还需要更多的书”，所以用比较级more）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - -

21、第 7 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用考点 2：形容词、副词原级用法。 表示二者在性质和程度上相同时，用“as + adj./adv.原级+ as ” 结构。He runs as fast as you. 他跑的和你一样快。Nothing can be so simple as this. 再没有比这更简单的了。 表示 “ 不如 ” 或“ 不相等 ” ，用“not as/so + adj./adv.原级+ as ” 或“less + adj./adv.原级+ than ”结构。This picture is not

22、so good as that one. 这幅画没有那幅画好。He doesn t write as carefully as his sister. 他写字不如她妹妹细心。 表示 “A 是 B 的倍” 时，用“A + is + 倍数 + as + adj./adv. 原级+ as +B ” 结构。 （一半 half ；两倍 twice；三倍及以上：基数词+times ） 。Our school is twice as large as theirs. 我们学校是他们学校两倍大。典型例题1 He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _ a

23、 native speaker. A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than 答案： C（这里用not so fluently as表示“没有当地人流利”）典型例题2We have planted _ as _ trees as they have. A. two times; much B. two times; more C. twice; many D. twice; more 答案： C（twice as many trees as 表示“两倍多的树” ）考点 3：形容词、副词比

24、较级用法。 比较级用于两者进行比较，结构为“A is 比较级than B ” 。My bike is more beautiful than hers. 我的自行车比她的漂亮。He works harder than before. 他工作比以前努力。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用 表示两者之间选择，用“which/who is 比较级， A or B ？

25、” 表示两者之间比较，用“the + 比较级 ” 结构。Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪个离太阳更近，月球还是地球？He is the thinner of the two. 他是两人中较瘦的那个。 “ 越来越 ”用“ 比较级 and 比较级 ” 结构，多音节和部分双音节词用“more and more 原级” 。The weather is becoming colder and colder. 天气变得越来越冷了。She is becoming more and more beautiful. 她变得越来越美了。 表示

26、 “ 越越” 时，用 “the+ 比较级， the+比较级 ” 结构。The more careful you are, the more points you will get. 你越细心，得分越多。典型例题1 Of the two sisters, Betty is _ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet. A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest 答案： C（表示两者中较之一时，比较级前面要用定冠词the）典型例题2 It s believed th

27、at _ you work, _ result youll get.A. the harder; the better B. the more hard; the more better C. the harder; a better D. more hard; more better 答案： A（这里表示“你工作的越努力、结果越好”）典型例题3 Your story is perfect; Ive never heard _ before.A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one 答案： C（这里表示“我没

28、有听过比这更好的故事了”）考点 4：形容词、副词最高级用法。 表示三者及以上人或物进行比较时用最高级，结构为“the + 最高级 +in/of + 范围” 。The picture is the best of all. 这幅画是所有画中最好的。She is the most beautiful girl in the class. 她是班上最美的女孩。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权

29、请联系网站删除只供学习交流用三、巩固训练(2012 常州市 )1. - Tom, what do you think of the school? - Oh, no other school is in the city. Its one. A. better; a better B. the best; the best C. better; the best D. the best; a better (2016 常州市 )2. -Do you enjoy yourself at the concert? -Yes. I have never been to _one before. A.

30、 a better B. the best C. a worse D. the worse (2016 常州市 )3.The coach thinks_of Marys sports talents, for she jumped very_at the sports meeting. A. high;high B. highly;highly C. high;highly D. highly;high (2014 淮安市 )4. Mum likes making pictures and the pies she cooks always taste _. She is my best fr

31、iend. 她是我最好的朋友。 表示在三者及以上之间选择，用“which/who is the 最高级， A, B or C ？” 。Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill? 汤姆、凯特、比尔，谁最高？“ 最 之一” 用“one of the最高级 + 可数名词复数 ” 结构。She is one of the most popular teachers in our school. 她是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。 形容词最高级前面加序数词，表示“ 第几最 ”。She is the second tallest girl in our class. 她是我

32、班上第二高的女孩。典型例题1 He is taller than any other boy in our class. ( 同义句转换 )答案： He is the tallest boy in our class.典型例题2 Which is , Ann, Susie or Tina? A. the shorter B. the shortest C. the most shortest D. short 答案： B（三者之间进行比较，用最高级）典型例题3 She is one of in our class. A. a good student B. the best student C

33、. best students D. the best students 答案： D（“one of the最高级 + 可数名词复数 ” 表示“最之一” ）名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用A. good B. well C. bad D. badly (2015 连云港市 )5. -The Internet service fees are too hig

34、h, and the speed is too slow. -Thats why Premier Li Keqiang asks operators( 运营商） to provide Internet. A. many cheaper and quicker B. very cheaper and quicker C. more cheaper and quicker D. much cheaper and quicker (2014 南京市 )6. -Do you enjoy Han Leis songs? -Yes. He is the winner of Im Singer II. I

35、cant think of anyone with a _ voice. A. better B. best C. more D. most (2012 南通市 )7. Bob often says that swimming is _ than hiking in reducing weight, but he always spends more time on swimming. A. less useful B. less interesting C. more useful D. more interesting (2015 南通市 )8.-I hear its not easy t

36、o get a ticket for Fast & Furious 7. -Exactly.The film is the one this year. A.less exciting B.more exciting C.most exciting D.least exciting (2016 南通市 )9.-What about yesterdays dragon dance? -Oh,its one Ive ever seen. A.a most wonderful B.more wonderful C.the most wonderful D.a more wonderful (2011

37、 苏州市 )10. If you dont work _ enough, I dont think your dream will come_. A. hardly; truly B. hardly; true C. hard; true D. hard; truly (2012 苏州市 )11.I had to call a taxi because the box was_than Id expected. A. heavy B. heavier C. the heavier D. the heaviest (2013 苏州市 ) 12.Peter speaks Chinese well

38、indeed,but of Course not _a local speaker in China. A.so fluently as B.more fluent than C.as fluent as D.much fluently than (2014 苏州市 ) 13.-The picture is, I have to say, not a bit beautiful. -W h y? Its _than the pictures I have ever seen. A. far more beautiful B.much less beautiful C. no more beau

39、tiful D.any less beautiful (2016 苏州市 )14. - Playing video games is a waste of time . - I cant agree more . There are meaningful things to do . A. the most B. the least C. more D. less 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于

40、网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用(2013?无锡市 )15. -What do you think of his new design? -Its of even_practical value than the old one. Hes just a bookworm! A. greater B. great C. less D. little (2015?无锡市 )16.-The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. -What? Ive never heard of idea before. A

41、. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest (2011?宿迁市 )17. Paul isnt as _ as Sandy. He often makes mistakes in his homework. A. careless B. more careful C. more careless D. careful (2012?宿迁市 )18. The meat smells _. Throw it away. A. well B. good C. badly D. bad (2015?宿迁市 )19. The model

42、Sydney Opera House looks _ the real one in Australia. A. as wonderful as B. as wonderfully as C. so wonderful as D. so wonderfully as (2012?镇江市 )20. He speaks French well, but of course not _ a person born in France. A. as clear as B. clearer than C. as clearly as D. the more clearly 答案解析1.选 C。这里表示

43、“ 在这个城市没有其它学校比这个学校更好的了，它是这个城市最好的城市” 。2.选 A。此题表示 “ 我从来没去过比这更好的音乐会了” 。3.选 D。第一空think highly of 表示 “ 高度评价 ” ，第二空表示 “ 跳的非常高 ” ，highly 和 high 都是副词，前者表示抽象含义，后者表示具体含义。4.选 A。taste是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，这里表示“ 尝起来好吃 ” ，所以用good。5.选 D。much cheaper and quicker 表示 “ 更便宜、更快捷” ，much 用来修饰比较级。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - -

44、 - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 此文档来源于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除只供学习交流用14.选 C。此题表示 “ 有很多更有意义的事情可以做” 。15.选 A。这里表示 “ 更有实际价值” ，所以用比较级greater。16.选 C。这里表示 “ 我从来没想过比这更疯狂的想法了” ，所以用 a crazier idea。17.选 D。as.as中间用原级，这里表示“Paul 没有 Sandy 认真 ” ，所以用careful。18.选 D。这里表示 “ 肉闻起来坏了、扔了吧” ，所以用bad。19.选 A。这里的 look 是系动词，所以后面用形容词wonderful ，排除 B 和 D 选项， so wonderful as 只能用于否定比较中，所以只能用as wonderdul as。20.选 C。这里表示 “ 没有法国当地人那个清楚。”名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - -