2022年2022年环境英语 .pdf

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1、1.Translate _ flexibility ?Environment is a biotic habitat surrounding us; that which we can see, hear, touch, smell, and taste.环境是一个我们能够看到、听到、触摸到、闻到和尝到的生物栖息地。?The cities of ancient times, particularly those of the Roman Empire, had system to supply water and to dispose of wastes. 在古代的城市，特别是像罗马帝国那类，

2、就已经存在供水系统和处置废物系统。2.Attitude ?Unfortunately ，no one in power in the government at the time had insight into the problems that were to be created by the new agency不幸的是，当时政府里在政的人员中没有人洞察（深刻的了解）到新的部门将会产生（怎样）的问题。?The EPA was quite successful in those early days in the enforcement of the many water polluti

3、on laws that evolved成立早期，环保署在许多逐渐形成的水污染法律（法规）的执法（执行）方面取得了很大成功。3.Mode of expression ?Moreover ， it is sensible because， for managerial and administrative reasons, such subfields as air pollution 、 water supply、wastewater disposal, and solid waste disposal are often dealt with separately by government

4、al agencies. 并且从行政管理方面看也是合理的，空气污染、供水、废水处理和固体废物处置，这些单个环境问题都被政府部门分开单独处理。?A current example is the acid rain problem stemming from the emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide gases into the atmosphere from the stacks of generating stations, smelters，and automobile exhausts一个眼下的例子是源于发电厂的烟囱、冶炼厂以及汽车

5、排气管产生的二氧化硫和氮氧化物气体排放到大气中导致的酸雨问题。4 explicit connectivity，显性连接?Citizens in the vicinity of some of the dumps began to experience adverse health problems such as skin rashes, paralysis, cancer, and birth defects. 居住在一些垃圾堆附近的居民开始出现（遭受）严重（有害的）的健康问题，如，皮疹、瘫痪（中风）、癌症和出生畸形。?We teach math for thinking and disci

6、pline, both of which expand the mind and increase the students ability to function as a contributing individual in society, the ultimate goals of education. 我们教授数学是为了思考和训练，二者能扩展头脑，提高学生作为社会中有贡献的个人的能力，这是数学教育的最终目标。（数学能让学生学会逻辑地、理性地思维，根据已知信息寻找所需信息，从而既善于运算又会思考。这些技能是数学和科学传授的，对青少年成长为善于思考的、有智慧的社会成员是必不可少的。）?P

7、otassium permanganate (KMNO4) and ozone (O3) have been used to oxidized waterborne wastes that resist oxidation by air in the presence of microorganisms. 高锰酸钾和臭氧已经被用于被氧化的水中产生的废物以抵抗在空气中微生物存在时空气的氧化作用。?All was cleared up some time later when news came from a distant place that an earthquake was felt th

8、e very day the little copper ball fell. 过了一些时候，从远方传来了消息：在小铜球坠落的当天，确实发生了地震。这一切终于得到了澄清。?Power can be transmitted over a great distance with practically negligible loss if it is carried by an electric current. 电流可以把动力传送到很远的地方，其消耗几乎可以忽略不计。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 -

9、 - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - ?This was the period when Einstein began the research which resulted in the creation of his famous Theory of Relativity. 就在这期间，爱因斯坦开始进行一项研究。经过这项研究，他创立了著名的相对论。?Let us share the food if there is any. 如果有任何食物，让我们共同分享。?Do not hesitate if you want to buy. 想买就别犹豫

10、。?Any matter expands if it is heated and contracts if it is cooled. 任何物体都会热胀冷缩。?He is right, that we did not work hard enough. 他是对的。我们工作不够勤奋。?Although we can not undo the past, we can map out our future. 虽然我们不能挽回过去，我们可以绘制我们的未来。（往者不可止，来者犹可追。论语微子）?He is always changing his mind when ever he sees somet

11、hing new. 每当他看到新事物的时候他总是会改变主意。（见异思迁）?Where there is life there is hope. 哪里有生命，那里就有希望。（活着就有希望）?The U.S. will suffer most if it discontinues Chinas most favored -nations. 取消中国的最惠国待遇，最大的受害者将是美国。5、 implied negation 隐含否定?We are to be ignorant of the plan. 对于这个计划我们是无知的。?The accused man denied the charge.

12、被告男子否认控罪。?Appearance is deceptive. 外貌是不可靠的。?He started with everything against him. 他开始的时候一切不顺。?His compilation is free from grammar mistake. 他的编译没有语法错误。?This medicine should be placed beyond the reach of children.这种药品必须放置在孩子们够不到的地方。?My English is out of practice. 我的英语疏于练习（脱离实践）。?The beauty of this

13、small town is beyond words. 小镇的美丽无法用语言描述。6、重点结构优先?Many other cases occurred that were not reported in the literature. 其他许多没有文献报道的情况发生了。?The problem of disposal of hazardous chemicals did not improve with the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency in 1966. 危险废弃物处置问题并没有随着1966 年环保署的成立得到重视（改善）。

14、名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - ?Many of the improper dumps that were created prior to the RCRA legislation were created by persons with little or no financial resources. 许多在 RCRA 法案颁布之前乱堆放的废弃物是由没有资金或资金短缺的人造成的。?The problems

15、were brought about by a lack of economic incentives to the industrial community. 带来的问题是由于工业界缺乏经济激励机制造成的。?I will do it regardless of what might happen. 不管发生什么我都要去做。?He went harvesting in the country by bus with the rest of the company. ?20 dead in crush of new year revelers. 在新年的狂欢中，人踏人酿成20 人死。?Steal

16、ing happens only in communities where some have got more than they need while others have not enough. 偷窃仅仅发生在贫富不均的社会里。?These models are still relatively primitive, as they do not take into account a variety of possible feedback mechanisms. 这些模型还比较原始，因为他们没有考虑到各种可能的反馈机制。7、用词化的方法丰富句子?His criminal recor

17、d made him not qualified for being admitted to the university. =His criminal record disqualified him from being admitted to the university. 他的犯罪记录使他失去了被大学录取的资格。?The destruction of forests has put many wild animals in a dangerous situation.=The deforestation has endangered the survival of many wild a

18、nimals 森里的破坏使得许多野生动物处在危险的境地。森林的砍伐已经危及了许多野生动物的生存。?The rain last night made the air cooler.= The rain last night cooled the air. 昨晚的一场雨使得空气变凉爽了。?The train got off the rail.=The train derailed. 火车出轨了。?Nowadays teachers are underpaid but overburdened. 现如今老师工资低负担重。?The book is designed to supply a wide r

19、ange of topics and familiarize students with different styles of writing.这本书的目的是提供广泛的主题，并使学生熟悉不同的写作风格。?Please soften the light. 请把光线弄柔和些。?That taxi driver wants to over charge her. 这个出租车司机想多收她钱。?They plan to build another room to enlarge the house. 他们打算建造另一件屋子来把房子扩大。?The natural gas is piped into th

20、e house. 管道运送天然气入户。?The major newspapers headline this scientific result. 主要报纸把这一科学结果作为头条。二、基本的句子翻译技巧?1、语序转换：conversion of part of speech 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - ?We need to find someone reliable to take charge of th

21、is project. 我们需要找到一个可靠的人去负责这个项目。?The doctor did everything necessary to save the patient. 医生尽力（做了需要做的一切）去救这个病人。?The people present did witness the result of the experiment. 在现场的这些人的确见证了实验的结果。?This is the only reference book available here. 这是这里唯一可以提供的参考书。?Differences between the social systems of st

22、ates shall not be an obstacle to their cooperation. 各国社会制度的差异不应该成为他们合作的阻碍。?I used to have a hard time with chemistry . 我以前学习化学很困难。?We have known a similar past of humiliation and exploitation.在过去，我们同样遭受了凌辱和剥削。?Scientists are confident about the formation of coal. 科学家十分确定煤的形成（过程、机理etc.） 。?Wherever yo

23、u go, there are signs of human presence. 到哪都有人类的足迹。2、联想与引申：association and extentionextention ?Science, to my mind, is applied honesty, the one reliable means we have to find out truth. 在我看来，科学需运用诚实，是我们发现真理的唯一可靠的手段。?In practice, what often happens is that a new theory is devised that is really an ex

24、tension of the previous theory. 实践中，一个新理论的创立实际上往往是对原有理论的拓展和延伸。?I have come to know the mutability of all human relations and have learned to isolate myself from heat and cold so that the temperature balance is fairly well obtained. 我已认识到所有人类关系的易变性，知道如何把自己与人情的冷暖隔开来，因此能确保人际关系的平衡。?Unfortunately, the te

25、chnology employed to send men to the moon had little relevant to the problem of the inner city. 遗憾的是，送人登月技术与市中心贫民区问题几乎毫无关系。?There were times when emigration bottleneck was extremely rigid and nobody was allowed to leave the country out of his personal preference. 有这样一段时期，移民的瓶颈极其严格，没有人被允许出于个人意愿走出国门。?

26、Brain drain has been Egypts number one concern as matter of fact it has become epidemic in that area of the world. 人才外流是埃及的头号问题，实际上，它已成为世界那一地区极为普遍的严重问题?Since inflation has so many powerful friends, why not accept is as a way of life? 既然通货膨胀有那么多强大的朋友，为什么不能接受它作为一种生活方式？3、增词amplificationamplification ?G

27、eologists, scientists who study rocks, indicate the likely places to the oil drillers. 研究岩石的科学家，即地质学家，给石油钻井工指明了可能产生油处。?There were no speeches, no foreign diplomats, no “ordinary Chinese”with paper flags and bouquets of flowers.没有发表讲话，没有各国外交官到场，也没有“普通中国人”挥舞纸旗、花束的场面?A new kind of aircraft small, cheap

28、, pilotlessis attracting increasing attention. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - 一种新的飞机由于小、便宜，且无人驾驶正吸引着越来越多的关注。?Theory is something, but practice is everything. 理论固然重要，但是实践才是一切。?With the flood came the life giving mud that mad

29、e Egypt granary of the ancient world. 洪水泛滥带来了泥沙，肥沃的泥土使埃及成为古代的粮仓。?And liver cells work effectivelymiraculously. 肝细胞却照样有效地工作着，真可以说是一种奇迹。?The revolution of the earth around the sun causes the changes of the seasons. 地球绕太阳的旋转导致季节的变化。?The microelectronic revolution promises to ease, enhance and simplify

30、life in ways undreamed of even by the utopians. 微电子的一场革命，带给人们一种高效便利的生活方式，这种方式是乌托邦都没想到的。?Ocean does not so much divide the world as unite it. 与其说海洋瓜分了世界不如说联合了世界。4、分切，化整为零cuttingcutting ?Treat people as you would like to be treated. Always offer more than expected. 待人如己。总是给予大于索取。?From a distance of 10

31、0 years, modern historians look back on Owen as one of the major social prophets of his period. 经过一百年的时间，现代历史学家认为欧文是当时主要的预言家之一。?In other words, men enter “female job ”out of the same consideration for personal interest and economic necessity that motivate anyone looking for work. 换句话说，男人做“女人的活”，同样是出

32、于个人的兴趣和经济的需求，这是每个人找工作的动力。?In the door way lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors. 在门口放了至少十二把伞，大小和颜色各异。?The battle field radar will be small enough to be carried by one man. 战地雷达要足够的小以携带。?In a dispute between two states with which one is friendly, try not to get involved. 两个国家有争端，一个友好的

33、国家就尽量别卷进去。?Today supermarket clerks use lasers to ring up prices at the checkout counter by “reading ”universal bar-codes printed on packages and canned goods. 现在超市收银员使用激光扫描仪来扫描条码计算价格，条码是印在包装和罐装物品上的。?Todays teachers know they have to make lessons fast-moving and entertaining for children raised on t

34、elevision and computer games. 今天的教师懂得，他们给孩子们上课节奏要快，而且还要有情趣，因为这些孩子是在看电视和玩电脑游戏的环境中长大的。?The difficulties that would have to be encountered by anyone who attempted to explore the moon would be incomparably greater than those that have to be faced in the endeavor to reach the summit of Mount Everest. 对于任

35、何尝试探索月球的人来说，他们要遇到的困难之大，绝非攀登珠穆朗玛峰所遇到的困难所能比拟。?To achieve the goal I have used a conversational writing style more characteristic of recreational reading than of technical texts. 为了达到目标我使用了对话的写作风格名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - -

36、 5、 reversing 反转?Initially there was some hesitation about accepting the validity of these documents. 这些文件的有效性最初受到了人们的怀疑。?I think that a successful old age is easiest for those who have strong impersonal interests involving appropriate activities. 如果我们能够对人以外的事物抱有浓厚的兴趣，而且能够因这种兴趣而进行适当活动的话，老年时光应当是十分顺利的

37、。?Such is human nature in the west that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers. 这就是西方的人性，许多人为了白领特权，往往愿意牺牲较高的薪酬。?It was a keen disappointment when I had to postpone the visit which I had intended to pay to China in January. 我不得

38、不把1 月份去中国的计划推迟，这真是个遗憾。?Food manufacturers are flooding the UK with new products in response to rising demand from a population for something different. 由于英国人对不同食物需求的增加，食品生产商向英国运送了大量的新产品。?The undersea world is well known as a source of natural beauty and a stimulus to human fantasy. 众所周知，海底世界是一个自然美景的

39、源泉和人类幻想的动力。?One sign of how badly the seas have been overfished is that population of tuna have declined 94% since 1970. 金枪鱼的数量自1970 年以来下降了94%，这一现象表明了海洋过度捕捞的严重性。?Chinese support would also be valuable to Y ugoslavia in any future dispute with Moscow. 中国的支持对南斯拉夫在未来与莫斯科的任何纠纷上同样是宝贵的。?You must fix in mi

40、nd the symbols and formulas, definitions and laws of physics, no matter how complex they may be, when you come in contact with them, in order that you may understand the subjects better and lay a solid foundation for further study. 为了更好的掌握物理学，并为进一步学习打好基础，碰到物理学上的符号、公式、定义和定律，不管它们是多么复杂，你必须把它们牢牢记住。6 spl

41、itting 拆分?Every British motorist will tell you that radar is used most unfairly by the police to catch drivers who are accidentally going little faster than the speed limit. 每一位驾车的英国人都会告诉你，警察用雷达来抓那些只是偶尔稍微超速行驶的人，这种做法是很不公平的。?There is also distressing possibility that Alunni isn t quite the catch the p

42、olice thought.还存在这样一种可能性，被抓住的阿鲁尼不见得就是警察所设想的那个人，这种可能性是让人泄气的。?I walked back into dismantled apartment. It stank of departure. 我回到了公寓，家具都已收拾一空，到处弥漫着离别情绪。?He had a sound feeling that idiom was the backbone of a language and he was all for the racy phrase. 他认为习语是语言的支柱，因此特别主张用生动活泼的短语。这种看法是很有道理的。?She made

43、tea for us in a most agreeable manner. 她用一种在我们看来很淑女的方式为我们泡茶. 7 位移 TransposingTransposing ?The visit gives me the opportunity which I have sought, to see for myself the achievement of the Chinese people.这次访问使我有机会亲眼看一看中国人民取得的成就，这是我向往已久的。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 -

44、 - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 9 页 - - - - - - - - - ?Divorce is less culturally acceptable in a society that is family-oriented. 在一个注重家庭的社会中，离婚并不普遍为人们在文化上所接受。?Many consumer goods in the Chinese become obsolete in a few years as styles change, such as with automobile and cloths. 由于样式的变化，中国的许多消费品，例如小汽车和服装，过不了几

45、年就会陈旧过时。?She had almost certainly been coached in what to say and how to say it. 几乎可以肯定，要说些什么，该怎么说，她事先是经人指点过的。8 upgrading 语言单位提级?The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 因为距离远，交通工具缺乏，使农村社会与外界隔绝，这种

46、隔绝，又由于通讯工具不足而变得更加严重?His support of Portugals occupation of Goa has turned the Asian peoples against his government all the more. 他支持葡萄牙占领果阿使得亚洲人民更加反对他的政府。?Driven by the governments desire for a credible auto industry and by their own need to achieve economics of scale, automakers have embarked on ex

47、pansion programs that envisage annual output of 600000 vehicles by the mid-1990s, compared with just 63000 in 1991. 政府有建立过硬的汽车工业的愿望，企业则有实现其规模经济效益的需要。受这两个因素的驱动，汽车生产厂家开始实施一系列发展规划，希望在20 世纪 90 年代中期，汽车年产量可达60 万辆，而 1991 年只有6.3 万辆。?His weariness and increasing heat determined him to sit down in the first c

48、onvenient shade. 他疲惫不堪，加上气温越来越高，于是他决心一见阴凉处就坐下休息。?Eight years ago they (a black woman and a white man) were married. They have survives their familiesshock and disapproval and the stares and unwelcome comments of strangers. 这对夫妇是八年前结的婚。对此，双方家庭都曾十分震惊，而且都不赞成这桩婚事，陌生人总以惊异的眼光打量他俩，还说些刺耳的话。所有这一切他俩都挺过来了。9 Sw

49、itching between affirmative and negative ?Don t make your conclusion before the end of the year.到年底再下结论吧。?We no longer ask whether we can accomplish it. 我们不再问是否能完成它。?He never came out until last night. 直到昨晚他才出来。?Please withhold the handout for the time being. 请暂时保留讲义。?The ancient battlefield has bec

50、ome something holy. It was almost untouched. 古战场成了圣地，它几乎保持着当年的风貌。?He has the first quality of an angler, which is not to measure the pleasure by the catch. 他显然具备了垂钓者的首要品质，即以钓为乐，钓多钓少无所谓。10.Restructuring 重写?They are good questions, because they call for thought-provoking answers. 它们是好的问题，因为它们需要对方做出激发思