八下-英语Unit-7知识点.doc

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1、精品文档，仅供学习与交流，如有侵权请联系网站删除Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?Section A1. 世界上最高的山是什么？Whats the highest mountain in the world? 1) the highest mountain最高的山 adj的最高级 2) high adj. 高的 highhigher-highest 3) in the world 世界上 2. 在英语中表示” 事物的长宽高” 等时, 其表达方式是 数字 (基数词)+ 表示度量的名词+ adj. 1) 表示度量的名词有: meter,

2、kilometer, foot 2) adj 有: 长的long, 宽的 wide, 高的high, tall ; 深的 deep, 3) 1025米深=1025 meters deep deepdeeper-deepest 4) 6671千米长 = 6671 kilometers long longlonger- longest 5) 8843.43 米高= 8843.43 meters high 6) 1.8 米高= 1.8 meters tall talltaller-tallest3. 面积大约960万平方千米 about 9,600,000 square kilometers in

3、size 1) in size 在尺寸上, 在面积上 in +名词 2) in depth 在深度上 in width 在广度上 in length 在长度上4. 珠穆朗玛峰比世界上其他任何一座山都高. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world. 1) higher than 形容词的比较级, than 是标志词 2) 其他任何一个 any other +可数名词单数, 表示在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的其他人或物 3) He is taller than any other boy in his class.= He

4、 is the tallest boy in his class. 他比班里其他任何一个男生都高, 同义句, 他是班上最高的男生. 4)= Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.5. 世界上最大的沙漠 the biggest desert in the world 在所有咸水湖中最深的 the deepest of all the salt lakes咸水湖 the salt lakes 最长的河流 the longest river longlonger- longest6. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家. China has the

5、biggest population in the world. 1) population 是一个集体名词, 意思是:人口, 人口数量, 常与the连用, 单独作主语时谓语动词常用三单 2) 表示人口多少用large 或small 3) 询问人口用: Whats the population of？ 4) 某地有多少人口用:have/has a population of +数字7. 它比美国的人口要多得多. Its a lot bigger than the population of the US. 1) a lot来修饰比较级bigger 2) much, even, still, f

6、ar, a little, a lot, a bit一共7个, 都可以修饰比较级8. 它比美国的历史长得多. It has a much longer history than the US. 1) much 来修饰比较级longer 2) have a long history 有着悠久的历史9. 中国几乎和美国一样大, 它是亚洲最大的国家. China is almost as big as the US, and it is the biggest country in Asia. 1) asas，中间是形容词或副词原级 和一样 2) country n. 国家 可数名词 countri

7、es10. 你知道中国是世界上最古老的国家之一? Do you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? 1) 宾语从句， 从句用陈述语序 2) one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数 最之一 one of the biggest countries 最大的国家之一 one of the oldest cities 最古老的城市之一 3) “one of + the +形容词最高级+ 可数名词复数”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数11. Feel free to ask me anything on t

8、odays Great Wall tour.针对今天的长城之旅，大家可以自由提问我任何问题。1) tour n 旅行 tourist n 旅游者 tour guide 导游2) travel v 旅行 traveller n 旅游者 travelling adj. 旅行的 travel to 到旅行 travel all over the world. 周游世界 3) feel free to do sth (可以)随便做某事12. 长城有多长? How long is the wall? how high, how wide, how deep 1) how long 提问物体的长度或时间的

9、长短对长度提问 How long is the table? About 1.2 meters.对时间提问，常用for或since引导的时间状语来回答。 How long does it take you to do your homework in the evening? For two hours. 晚上做作业花了你多长时间？ 2个小时.13. 这让它成为了世界上最长的墙. This makes it the longest wall in the world.14. Wow，thats amazing! 哇， 真令人吃惊！【解析】amazing adj. 惊人的，令人吃惊的15. 为什

10、么古代的皇帝们建造这堵墙？ Why did the ancient emperors build the wall? 1) 古代的 ancient adj. 2) build v. 建造 过: built n. building 建筑物16. 主要原因是保护他们那部分的国土. The main reason was to protect their part of the country. 1) the main reason 主要原因 2) protect v. “保护” We should protect children. 3) Protect sb./ sth from (doing

11、sth)保护某人/ 某物使其不受Protect your eyes from the sun. 不要让阳光伤害你的眼睛。17. As you can see , its quite tall and wide. 正如你所看到的,长城非常高，也非常宽广。【解析】as conj.像一样，正如 （用来引导状语从句） I was surprised as he opened the door. prep. 作为 I get job as a teacher.18. As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，

12、没有任何一个人造物有长城这么长。 1) as far as I know据我所知as far as “就.来说，至于.” , 引导状语从句，强调范围或程度，常与动词know, see,等连用，可放在句首或句中。 as far as I can remember 据我所记得的 as far as I can see 依我所见 2) 人造物体 man-made objects19. 世界上最危险的山 the most dangerous mountain 形容词的最高级danger n. 危险 (be) in danger 处于危险之中 (be) in great danger 处于极大危险之中

13、(be) out of danger 脱离危险20. one of + the +形容词最高级+ 名词复数 之一 此结构作主语时, 谓语动词用单数 1) one of the worlds most dangerous sports 世界上最危险的运动之一 2) one of the most popular places 最受欢迎的地方之一 3) one of the main reasons 一个主要的原因21. mountain climbing 登山运动 名词性短语 climb mountains 爬山 动词短语22. The Himalayas run along the south

14、western part of China. 喜马拉雅山绵延在中国西南部。 1) 谓语: run along 绵延 2) southwestern 西南方向的 3) 类似用法: western adj. 西方的 eastern adj. 东方的23. Of all the mountains , Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous.在所有的山峰中， 珠穆朗玛峰最高，最有名。【解析】 famous = well know adj. 著名的， 有名的1) be famous for 因而著名 （某人因某种知识、技能或特征而出名）C

15、hina is famous for the Great Wall and Pandas2) be famous as 作为.而出名 （某人以某种身份而出名）Lu Xun was famous as a writer.24. 它高达8844.43米, 因此珠穆朗玛峰是非常危险去攀登的. It is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. 1) 8,844.43 meters high 8844.43米高 2) to climb 作定语修饰 dangerous25. Even more serious difficultie

16、s include freezing weather conditions and heavy storms. （比这） 更严重的困难包括冰冻的天气条件和强烈的暴风雨。 1) 主语: more serious difficulties 谓语: include 2) include v 包括 including prep 包括（放在被包括的对象之前） 3) freezing adj. 冻冰的；结冰的freeze v Today it is freezing cold.4) condition 条件；状况 out of condition 不健康，身体不好；in good condition 情况

17、良好；完好26. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. 并且越接近顶部呼吸越困难。1) Its 句型 2) take in 吸入； 吞入（体内） take after（外貌）相像 take away 拿开 take down 写下，记下 take off 起飞；脱下 take it easy 别紧张 take pictures照相 take care of 照顾，照料 3) as 当时候27. 在1953年5月29日, 首次登上山顶的是丹增诺尔盖和埃德蒙希拉里.The first people to reach

18、 the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May29,1953. 1) 主语: the first people 2) 第一个做的人 the first to do sth第一个完成作业的人 the first person to finish the homework28. The first Chinese team did so in 1960 , while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. 1960年第一支中国登山队登上了顶峰，197

19、5年日本的田部井淳子成为第一个成功登上顶峰的女子。1) while conj. 然而 (连接并列句） He is a worker while I am a doctor. conj . 当.的时候，（引导时间状语从句）While I was doing my homework ,my mother came in .2) 第一个成功地女士 the first woman to succeed 3) succeed v. 成功 4) succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事 5) succeed v 成功，达到 success n 成功successful adj. 成功的suc

20、cessfully adv成功地 29. Why do so many climbers risk their lives? 为什么这么多登山者愿意冒生命危险？1) climber n. 登山者 攀登者 可数名词climbers2) risk ones life to do sth 某人舍命做某事 There is a risk of sth/ doing sth 有（做）某事的危险 take risks 冒险30. One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of dif

21、ficulties. 最主要的原因之一是因为人们在面临困难的时候想挑战自我。1) challenge v/n 挑战 challenge oneself 挑战某人face a challenge 面临挑战challenge sb. to sth向某人挑战 He challenged me to a race.他向我挑战赛跑。challenge sb. to do sth 向某人挑战2) in the face of 面对（问题、困难等）They showed courage in the face of danger. 面对危险他们表现出了勇气。31. The spirit of these c

22、limbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者们的精神告诉我们， 我们应该从不放弃实现自己的梦想。 1) 主语: the spirit 精神 谓语: shows 2) 这些登山者们的精神 the spirit of these climbers 3) 放弃做某事 give up doing sth4）achieve v 获得；达到； 实现 achievement n 完成； 成绩achieve ones dream = ones dream comes true实现某人的梦想词条

23、是否接宾语用法achieve是主语一般为“人”come true否主语一般是“梦想；理想”32. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the forces of nature.它还告诉我们， 人类有时候比自然的力量更强大。 1) human n 人；人类 No human could live like this .没有人能这样生活。 2)force n 力量； the forces of .的力量 The force of human is great. V. 迫使；强迫 force sb. to do sth 强

24、迫某人做某事Nobody can force me to do something. 3) nature 不可数名词 “自然界；大自然”nature natural adj. 自然地in nature 在自然界33. 为什么即使它很危险还有那么多的人设法攀登这座山？ Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? 1) even though= even if 即使, 虽然 引导让步状语从句 2) Even though Tom left school at 16, he still b

25、ecame a successful writer. 即使Tom16岁时就离开了学校, 但他仍然成为了一名成功地作家.34. 世界上最长的河流之一 one of the longest rivers in the world35. 世界上没有和太平洋一样大的海洋. No ocean in the world is as big as the Pacific Ocean. 1) 主语: no ocean 谓语: is 2) no one 没有人 作主语时谓语动词用单数 No one knows his name. 没人知道他的名字.36. 我们城市中最高的建筑物是什么？ What is the

26、highest building in our city? 1) building n. 建筑物 可数名词 buildings 2) build v. 建造 过: builtSection B 1. 大象是350厘米高. The elephant is 350 cm tall.2. 大象重5000千克. The elephant weighs 5,000 kilos. 1) 谓语: weigh v. 重量是 2) weight n. 重量, 体重 lose weight 减肥3. 大象每天吃150千克食物. The elephant eats 150 kilos of food a day.

27、1) eat v. 吃 过: ate eating4. 双腿站立 stand on two legs5. The elephant weights many times more than this panda.这头大象的重量是这只熊猫的很多倍。【解析1】weigh v 称的重量 weight n 重量【记】 She weighs herself every day and wants to lose weight.【解析2】time “是.的几倍”主语 + 数词 + times + as +形容词+ as +被比较的内容Our new school is four times bigger

28、than the old one. “次数” 一次 once 两次 twice 三次及三次以上 ： 基数词 + times three times 三次 three or four times 三到四次【短语】many times 很多倍 last time (在)上次时 every time 每次/每回 each time 每当时 the first time 第一次时 next time (当)下次时 【句型】Itstimeforsth.或Itstime(forsb.)todosth.意为：该是的时候了Itstimefordinner.该是吃晚餐的时候了。Itstimeforchildre

29、ntogotobed.是小孩睡觉的时候了。 6. At birth, a baby panda is about 0.1 to 0.2 kilos.刚出生的小熊猫宝宝约0.1到0.2公斤. 1) a baby panda 小熊猫宝宝 2) at birth 出生时 （用作时间状语） 3) give birth ( to sb/ sth) 生孩子；产仔7. 他没有牙齿. It has no teeth. 1) tooth n. 牙齿 可数名词 复数是: teeth 2) 刷牙 brush ones teeth 3) 牙疼 have a toothache8. A panda can live u

30、p to 20 to 30 years. 一只熊猫活20年到30年. 1) up to 高达 up to +数量词 达到 （某数量、程度等）；至多I can take up to four people in my car. 我车里最多坐4个人. 2) 直到 （现在）Up to now , Tony has been very quiet 3) be up to sb. “由某人决定” Shall we go out or stay in ? Its up to you.9. 一只成年的大熊猫的重量是一只熊猫宝宝的很多倍. An adult panda weighs many times mo

31、re than a baby panda. 1) 主语: an adult panda 谓语: weighs 2) adult n. 成年人 可数名词 adults adult adj. 成年的 3) an adult panda 一只成年的大熊猫 a baby panda 一只大熊猫宝宝 4) many times 很多倍10. 在成都研究基地 at the Chengdu Research Base 1) research 通常用作不可数名词 2) 做研究 do some research (on )11. 大熊猫饲养员正在准备大熊猫宝宝们的早餐牛奶. Panda keepers are

32、preparing milk for the baby pandas breakfast.1) panda keepers 大熊猫饲养员 keeper n. 饲养员, 保管人 可数名词2). preparefor 为准备3) prepare sth.表示准备.，后接名词或代词作宾语。Our English teacher was preparing the lessons when I came into the office. 我进办公室时，我们的英语老师在备课。4) prepare to do sth.表示准备做.。They were preparing to cross the rive

33、r when it began to rain. 他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。5). prepare for sth.表示为.做准备。The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正在准备期末考试12. 大多数的大熊猫宝宝已经醒来并且饿了. Most of the babies are already awake and hungry. 1) baby n. 婴儿,宝宝 可数名词 复数是:babies 2) awake adj. 醒着的 反义词: asleep adj. 睡着的 3) awake 常用于be, stay, keep之

34、后13. When the babies see the keepers, they run over to them with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over! 当熊猫幼崽们看到饲养员时便激动地跑了过来，有些甚至撞倒它们的伙伴，绊倒在地！1) run over 跑向 run ran run running runner赛跑的人【短语】runafter追逐,追求 runawayfrom从跑掉;逃避 runout(某物)被用完 runoutof用完(某物) runinto无意间碰到,和相

35、撞2) excitement n. 激动；兴奋 excited adj. 激动的, 兴奋的 be excited about 对感到激动 to ones excitement 使某人兴奋的是3) 走路时撞着 walk into 4）fall over 绊倒 fall 过: fellfall “落下，跌落，降落”，指在重力的作用下落下，或失去平衡而跌落The leaves fall in the autumn. 秋天树叶落下.14. 大熊猫饲养员之一 one of the panda keepers 15. 他们非常聪明可爱. They are so cute and lovely. 1) cu

36、te adj. 漂亮的; 娇小可爱的; 机灵的，精明的 2) lovely adj. 可爱的, 漂亮的 friendly, lonely 都是以ly结尾的形容词16. 他们对我来说真的非常特殊. They are very special to me.17. 这些黑白相间的动物 these black and white animals18. 大熊猫已经变得如此受欢迎以至于它们现在是中国的一种象征. Pandas have become so popular that they are now a symbol of China. 1) 已经变得 have become 现在完成时 have/

37、 has + 动词过去分词 2) become v. 过: became 过去分词: become 3) 一种的象征 a symbol of 19. 科学家们说, 如今生活在森林里的大熊猫不足2000只. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2000 pandas living in the forests.1) fewer 比较级 少于 fewer than + 可数名词复数 less than + 不可数名词2) There is/ are +sb/ sth + doing sth 有正在做某事的人或物20. 在中国和其它国家的动物园或研究中心生

38、活着另外300 只左右的大熊猫.Another 300 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries. 1) 主语: another 300 谓语: live 2) another 意为: 另一, 又一, 常放在数字之前， 即another + 基数词+ 名词如: We stayed there for another 3 days. 我们在那儿又呆了3天. 3) or so 大约, 位于数字或表示时间的名词之后, 相当于about或around21. 大熊猫产仔并不多, 也许每两年仅产一只. Panda

39、s do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years. 1) every two years 每两年22. The babies often die from illness and do not live very long. 大熊猫宝宝常死于疾病，并且活不久。1) die v. （非延续性动词） death n. 死，死亡 dead adj. 死的 dying adj. 将死的2) die from 死于 die from + 外因 “死于”，主要指事故等方面的外部原因。die from a traffic accident 死

40、于交通事故 The old man died from a car accident last year. 这个老人去年死于一场车祸3) illness n. 疾病；病 可数名词 复数是: illnessesill /sick 共同点：生病的；有病的 不同点：ill adj.生病的；有病的作表语，不能作定语 be ill in hospital 生病住院 sick 作表语/作定语，病人a sick man 或the sick,She is ill / sick in bed. 她卧病在床。She is looking after her sick father .她在照顾她生病的父亲。【拓展】

41、sick 恶心的；厌倦的 The smell makes me sick.这气味使我感到恶心。4) kind kindness happy happiness 23. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo.成年熊猫每天花12个小时来吃掉大约10公斤的竹子。1) spend (in) doing 花时间做某事2) spend/pay/cost/take 花费(1)spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth sb. +spend

42、+时间/钱+（in） doing sthspend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games.(2) pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人 sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.(4)taketooktaken v 花费It takes /took sb. so

43、me time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.24. 人类开始砍伐这些森林. Humans started to cut down these forests. 1) 开始做某事 start to do sth 2) 砍到 cut down25. 由于森林逐渐减小以及其它人类活动造成更多的问题, 大熊猫找不到足够的吃的, 它们将产更少的大熊猫宝宝. As the forests get smaller and other human activities cause more problems, p

44、andas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies. 1) get smaller 变得更少 other human activities 其它人类活动 2) 找到足够的吃的 find enough to eat 3) fewer babies 更少的宝宝 fewer+ 可数名词复数26.其它濒危的野生动物 other endangered wild animals endangered adj. 濒危的27. 拯救这些动物的重要性 the importance of saving these animals28. 科学家们正在进行研究, 以便于更好地了解大熊猫的习性. Scientists are doing research to better understand the habits of pandas. 1) 做研究 do research 2) 更好地了解 better understand better来修饰动词understand29. 我们都希望将来能有更多的大熊猫. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas. a lot 来修饰比较级more【精品文档】第 6 页