中考英语介词复习PPT课件.ppt

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1、Prepositions 中考英语总复习中考英语总复习一一. .表示时间介词表示时间介词三三. .表示方位介词表示方位介词二二. .表示地点介词表示地点介词四四. .表示方法、手段表示方法、手段五五. .常见介词的搭配常见介词的搭配 介词 + 名./ 代. (宾格)/ 动词-ing2010Marchspringthe morningthe future7.30nightthe age of 19first/lastthe momentMondayMarch 5March 5th,2010Monday morningholidayChildrens Dayinonat Prepositions

2、of time 时间介词时间介词Conclusion: 总结 表示较长时间如：世纪、年代表示较长时间如：世纪、年代 、年份、年份、月份、季节、上午月份、季节、上午/ /下午下午/ /晚上以及一些习晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词惯用法中要用介词inin。 inthe 19th century; 2010; March; spring; the morning; the future 表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、表示某一时间点如：钟点、节日、年龄、中午中午/ /夜晚夜晚/ /子夜、就餐时间或其它的习惯子夜、就餐时间或其它的习惯用法中要用用法中要用atat。 at 7.30; the age

3、 of 19; noon/ night/ midnight; lunchtime; first/ last； at ChristmasonMonday; March 5th; March 5th, 2010; Childrens Day; a cold morning; holiday 表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某表示某一天或者特定的时间如：星期、某月某日、某年某月某日、月某日、某年某月某日、含含DayDay的节日的节日、有修饰上午有修饰上午/ /下午下午/ /晚上以及一些习惯用法晚上以及一些习惯用法中要用介词中要用介词 onon。 1. Mary is flying to Franc

4、e soon. She will arrive in Paris _ the morning of July 9. A. on B. in C. at2. The twins were born _ a Friday evening. A. in B. on C. at3. We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived _5 oclock _ the morning. A. on, in B. at, in C. at, in4. We finish our lessons _ 11:30 and then have a rest _ noon. A.

5、 in , in B. at ,at C. in, at2. 1. Mr Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _ two weeks. A. for B. after C. in 2. Our manager came back _ an hour. A. in B. after C. at 3. They have been here _ an hour. A. for B. after C. in在在之后（内）之后（内）用于将来时用于将来时in + 时间段时间段在在之后之后 用于过去时用于过去时 after +时间段时间段3. for + 时

6、段 since + 时段 + ago since + 时间点 since + 一般过去时句子常用于现在完成时常用于现在完成时1.He came here _ 1992, and he has lived here _ 1992. A. in, for B. in , since C. since, since2.I have known Li Lei _ over five years. A. in B. since C. for3. It has been three years since he _ here. A. come B. came C. comes4. The old man

7、has been away _ two years ago. A. in B. since C. for5.They havent seen Alice _ last year.6. Alice has been in Wonderland _ one month.sincefor4. before 在在之前之前 by 到到时为止时为止,不迟于不迟于1.He wont come back _ five . A. before B. after C. by2.The work must be finished _ Friday. A. at B. by C. after3.We had thre

8、e meetings _ last Friday. A. in B. before C. by 表示持续一段时间用介词表示持续一段时间用介词for: for段时间段时间 表示表示“自自以来以来”, ,从过去某一时刻到现在从过去某一时刻到现在, ,用介词用介词since,用于现在完成时。用于现在完成时。 表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用表示从一点时间到另一点时间的一个阶段用介词介词from to 。 表示表示“在在的期间的期间”要用介词要用介词during, during表示在特定的时间里。表示在特定的时间里。 表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止表示某动作或者状态延续到某一时间终止, ,

9、用介词用介词till / until。until可用于句首可用于句首,而而till通通常不用于句首常不用于句首, 不可延续的则用不可延续的则用 not untilConclusion:1.Alice _ go to bed_11 p.m. last night2. Wait here _ the rain stops.3._get off the bus _ it stops.untiluntildidntuntilDontFill in the blanks:1._ the lifetime, Hepburn earned four more Oscar nominations.2.It h

10、as rained _ the day before yesterday.3.It was a very long day for Jack. He didnt get home from school _ six oclock. 1.He wont come back _ five . A. before B. after C. by2.We had three meetings _ last Friday. A. in B. before C. by sinceDuringuntil二二. .地点介词地点介词 1.on 在在的上面的上面,与表面接触与表面接触 over 在在的正上方的正上方

11、,不接触表面不接触表面 under 在在下面下面(是是on, over的反义词的反义词)1.Look!There is a bridge _the river. A. on B. over C. above2.Can you see the egg _ the plate? A. on B. in C. over3.The light_ us is very bright. A. over B. under C. on 2. above 在在上方上方 below 在在下方下方,是是above的反义词的反义词1. The temperature will fall_ zero at night.

12、 A. below B. above C. over2.Suddenly there is a loud voice _ the tree. A. below B. above C. on3.There is a clock on the wall. Its _ the blackboard. A. on B. in C. above4.A road is _our city and there is much traffic _it. A. on, over B. above, on C. over, on5.The sun rose _the horizon(地平线地平线). A. on

13、B. above C. over 注意注意: on 接触平面接触平面 over 在平面的正上方在平面的正上方 above 在上方在上方3. in + 大地方大地方 at + 小地方小地方 on +门牌，某层楼门牌，某层楼1.My uncle live _ F12 _the fifth floor. A. at, on B. in, on C. on, at2.They arrived _Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel. A. at, in B. in, on C. in, at4.in里面，排、行

14、、组里面，排、行、组on左、右边左、右边at前、后部前、后部1.We are _Team One. I sit _the front of the classroom. Li Ping is _my left. A. on, in , at B. in ,in ,at C. in, at, on2.I have a good seat. I sit _the bus. A. in the front of B. in front of 3.The teacher is standing _ our class and give a talk. A. in the front of B. in

15、front of in front of 是在物体是在物体外部外部的前面的前面 例如例如: 教室前有个花园。教室前有个花园。 e.g. There is a garden in front of the classroom. in the front of 是在物体是在物体内部内部的前面的前面 例如例如: 教室前有张桌子。教室前有张桌子。 e.g. There is a desk in the front of the classroom. There are some apples _ the desk. There is a bridge _ the river. Sandy lives

16、_the ground floor. Daniel lives on the third floor. Daniel lives two floors _ Sandy. onoveraboveon at一般指小地方；一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围内。一般指大地方或某个范围内。 over, above和和on均表示均表示“在在上面上面”, ,over反反义词是义词是under; above反义词是反义词是below; on指两个指两个物体表面有物体表面有接触接触。 in front of 表示表示“在在前面前面”, , 其反义词是其反义词是behind; ; in the middle

17、 of 表示表示“在在的中间的中间” 。 between两者之间两者之间, , among“在在中中”数目为三数目为三者或三者以上者或三者以上, , around围绕在四周。围绕在四周。 beside“在在旁边旁边”, , inside“在在内内”, , outside“在在外外” 。 Conclusion: near/by/next to“在在旁边旁边” 。 opposite, across from“在在对面对面” 。 1.Mary sits _ (在附近) the window. 2.She is sitting _ (在中间) Betty and Tom.3.Yao Ming is a

18、 popular basketball player _ (在之中) the Chinese people.4.Our teacher is standing _ (在前面) the blackboard.Fill in the blanks: betweenamongnear/in front ofby5.My teacher says the earth moves _ (围绕) the sun.6.There is a shop _ (在对面) our school. aroundopposite1.in 在某范围之内在某范围之内 to 在某范围之外在某范围之外 on 与某地相邻、接壤与

19、某地相邻、接壤 1.China lies _the east of Asia and _the north of Australia. A. in, on B. in ,to C. to, in 2.Mongolia is _the north of China. A. in B. on C. to三三. .方位介词方位介词 三组表示位置关系的介词比较 B is _ the east of A. D is _ the east of A. C is _ the east of A.1. Japan is _ the east of Asia.2. Japan is _ the east of

20、China.3. Korea is _ the northeast of China. northsouthwesteastABCDintoonintoonTask 3: Run quickly!throughacrossupdownoveraround四、四、Prepositions of movement 运动介词运动介词横穿横穿从内部穿过从内部穿过 cross 表面穿过表面穿过 through 中间穿过中间穿过 1.The sunshine come into the room _ the window. A. across B. through C. past 2.You can go

21、 _ the road here. A. across B. through C. past 3.Can you swim _ the river. A. across B. through C. past up 表示表示“向上向上”, ,其反义词其反义词 down 表示表示“向向下下”。 along 表示表示“沿着沿着” 。 into 表示进入的过程表示进入的过程; onto 为放上去的过程为放上去的过程; out of 为为“在在外部外部” 。 over 表示表示“越过越过,跨过跨过”。 Conclusion: from 表示表示“ 从从, ,自自”; ;to 表示表示“向向,往往,到到”

22、 。 off 表示表示“脱离脱离, ,不触及不触及”。l round 表示表示“环绕环绕,围绕围绕”。1.Millie is walking _ the road. (沿着)2.Simon is swimming _ the pool. (横穿)3.Eddie is jumping _ the chair. (越过)4.A train is going _ the tunnel. (穿过) 5.Kitty is climbing _ the hill. (向上)6.Amy is walking _ the sofa _ the window.7.Sandy is going _ the lib

23、rary. (去) 8.Hobo is walking _ the table. (环绕着)Fill in the blanks:alongthroughacrossoverupfromtotoround1.We could not make great progress in our English _ our teachers help.2.I paid one hundred _ the English-Chinese dictionary. 3.He spends about two hours _ his homework every day.4.He didnt go to sch

24、ool because _ illness. 5.If they dont give us candies, we will play a trick _ them.Fill in the blanks:withoutofforonon没有没有的帮助的帮助付款付款在在上花费上花费因为因为对对恶作剧恶作剧Correct:1. In the beginning of the film, there was a party. 2. Red queens castle is on the east of Wonderland. 3. There is an old stone bridge above

25、 the river.4. She hid herself after the tree. 5. Alice visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.6. Shell leave London to China. onforAtbehindoverin6.He suddenly returned _. (在一个寒冷的雨夜)7.More and more people like to sleep _. (窗户开着)8.He will be back _.(三天后)Fill in the blanks:in three dayson a cold rainy

26、 day with the windows openMultiple choice:1. Wheres Alice? We are all here _ her. A. besides B. about C. except D. with2. She sent her friend a card a present. A. on B. as C. for D. of3. The film is directed _ Tim Burton. A. to B. for C. as D. by 4. Alice was late _ the party. A. for B. to C. with D

27、. of5. She had been waiting _ 10 years. A. with B. for C. of D. at6. Alice is the girl _ blue. A. with B. of C. in D. on_3. to 表目的地或去的目的表目的地或去的目的 for 动身去某地动身去某地 1.He got on a train _ Shanghai . A. to B. for C. towards 2.Wil you take a train_ Tianjian. A. to B. for C. at 3. Im leaving _ Beijing next

28、week. A. to B. for C. towards五五. .表方式、方法、手段表方式、方法、手段1. in 用材料、语言用材料、语言2. with 用工具、某物用工具、某物3. by 用方式、方法、手段用方式、方法、手段 1.My mother often go to work _ bike. A. in B. on C. by 2.If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me _ phone. A. through B. by C. on 3.The teacher is writing on the pape

29、r _ red ink and the blackboard _a piece of chalk. A. with, with B. in ,with C. with ,in4.Can you say it _ English? A. in B. with C. by5.You can get some information _ the computer. A. in B. on C. by1.between 在两者之间在两者之间 among 在在当中（三者或以上当中（三者或以上）1.Some supermarkets open _ 8:30 and1.Some supermarkets o

30、pen _ 8:30 and 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Day. 8:00 p.m._ the Mid-Autumn Day. A. at, during B. between, during C. between, in 2.They lived _ the mountains in the past. A. among B. between C. during 3.Dont sit _ the two girls. A. among B. between C. during六六. .其它介词其它介词2.except 除除之外，不包括之外，不包括 besidesbe

31、sides 除除之外，还包括之外，还包括 1.Everyone passed the exam _ Tom. A. besides B. except C. for 2. _ Mr Li, five teachers went to the meeting. A. Besides B. Except C. Beside3.常见的介词搭配常见的介词搭配Its very nice of you to help me.Its very good for you to do exercise.the answer (key) to the question (lock)be famous forbe

32、famous asbe made of be made fromon timein time1.write with a pen, cut with a knife, lock with a key _使用工具用介词使用工具用介词 with2. see with our eyes, do with our hands, smell with our noses, eat with our mouths _使用器官用介词使用器官用介词 withPrepositions of ways3. in English , in French , in your own words, in three l

33、anguages _4. in a loud voice, in a low voice _5. in this way, in these ways , by this means _使用语言用介词使用语言用介词 in使用声音用介词使用声音用介词 in使用方法用介词使用方法用介词 in 或或 by6.by bike, by bus, by train, by plane, by ship, by car (on foot) by land 陆路，陆路，by road 陆路陆路 by sea 水路，水路，by air 空运空运 _使用交通工具用使用交通工具用 by但：但：on the bike

34、, on a bus, on a train, on the plane, on the ship, in the car be made of 从成品上看得出的材料从成品上看得出的材料 be made from从成品上看不出的原料从成品上看不出的原料 be made in产地产地 be made by制造者制造者 It is said that this kind of cloth is made of silk and it is made in China. 据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。据说这种布料是由丝绸制成的并且由中国制造。 This wine is made from

35、 grapes. 这酒是葡萄酿的。这酒是葡萄酿的。 This machine is made by Uncle Wang. 这机器是王伯伯制造的。这机器是王伯伯制造的。介词和动词的固定搭配。介词和动词的固定搭配。(1)同一动词和不同介词的搭配：同一动词和不同介词的搭配：look at (看看) look for(找找)look after(照顾照顾) look over(检查检查)look out of (朝朝外面看外面看)look (a)round(环视环视)arrive in大地方大地方(到达到达)arrive at小地方小地方(到达到达)hear of (听说听说)hear from(收

36、到收到的来信的来信)spend钱钱on sth.(花钱做某事花钱做某事)spend时间时间(in) doing sth.(花时间做某事花时间做某事)同一介词和不同动词的搭配：同一介词和不同动词的搭配：ask for (要求要求)leave for (动身去动身去)send for (派人去请派人去请)pay for (付钱付钱)wait for (等待等待)agree with sb (同意某人同意某人)begin with (以以开始开始)help with (在在方面帮助方面帮助)catch up with (赶上赶上)get on/along with (与与相处相处)make frie

37、nds with (与与交朋友交朋友)(2)同一介词和不同动词的搭配：同一介词和不同动词的搭配：ask for (要求要求)leave for (动身去动身去)send for (派人去请派人去请)pay for (付钱付钱)wait for (等待等待)agree with sb (同意某人同意某人)begin with (以以开始开始)help with (在在方面帮助方面帮助)catch up with (赶上赶上)get on/along with (与与相处相处)make friends with (与与交朋友交朋友)(3)其他的介词和动词的搭配：其他的介词和动词的搭配：listen

38、 to (听听)come from (来自来自)fall off (从从上摔下上摔下)try out (试验试验)knock at/on (敲敲)prefer.to. (比起比起来还是来还是好好)learn by oneself (自学自学)take care of (照顾照顾)stop.(from)doing (阻止阻止做做)help oneself to食物食物 (随便吃随便吃)get to (到达到达)Thanks to (多亏，由于多亏，由于)介词和形容词的常见搭配：介词和形容词的常见搭配：be good at (在在方面好方面好)be weak in (在在方面差方面差)be goo

39、d for (对对有好处有好处)be bad for (对对有坏处有坏处)be late for (迟到迟到)be sorry for (为为遗憾，抱歉遗憾，抱歉)be full of (充满充满)be busy with (忙于忙于)be angry with (对某人生气对某人生气)be afraid of (害怕害怕)be interested in (对对感兴趣感兴趣)be different from (与与不同不同)be strict with sb. in sth.(在某事上对某人严格在某事上对某人严格)be fond of (喜爱喜爱)1.1.害怕害怕2.2.对对惊讶惊讶3.3

40、.生气生气4.4.对对兴奋兴奋5.5.对对满意满意6.6.以以著名著名7.7.充满了充满了8.8.擅长擅长9.9.对对感兴趣感兴趣10.10.迟到迟到11.11.与与不同不同 be afraid of be amazed at be angry with be excited about be pleased with be famous for be filled with be good at be interested in be late for be different from Remember and translate: hear from ring up hold on se

41、nd up hurry up stop sb. from doing sth. knock at/on take down/out/off laugh at take part in listen to think about look after/at/for/up/out try on take care of turn on/off make friends with wait for pay for wake up put on/up write down put sth. down worry about中考精选练习中考精选练习:一一.选择填空选择填空:( )1.There is a

42、 good play_TV this evening. A. on B. by C. in （佛山）（佛山）( )2. How far is it _ Guangzhou_Beijing? A. fromto B. fromfor C. awayto( )3. Japan lies _the east of China.（广东）（广东） A. to B. in C. on( )4. Mr. Brown has gone to Canada. He will be back _two weeks. A. for B. after C. in（广东）（广东）( )5. A: What time d

43、id you get there this morning? B: _ eight. A. In B. At C. OnAAACB( )6. My aunt arrived here _a warm spring morning. A. in B. at C. on( )7. A:When did your uncle arrive _ China? B: He got to Guangzhou_the morning of the 16th of April. A. in, on B. in, in C. at, on( )8. Hawaii is famous _its beautiful beaches. A. in B. for C. with( )9. Dont be angry with_. He is only a child. A. he B. his C. him( )10. We must stop children from_with fire. A. play B. played C. playingCABCCprepositiontimeplacemovementusages Prep + n./ pron. (object)/ v-ing