2022年人教版新目标八年级英语下册unit3 .pdf

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1、1 Unit3 Could you please clean your room?一基本知识点1.Peter ,could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Could you please do sth ?请你（做） .好吗？ 用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是 can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答：Sorry , I cant2、take out 取出（ v+ ad

2、v）【拓展】 take 构成的短语：take a walk 去散步take a rest 休息take care of 照顾take off 脱下；起飞take up 占据take down 拿下take one s time 不急；慢慢来take one s temperature 量体温take out the trash 倒垃圾take away 拿走，取走take back 收回take place 发生3. do the dishes 洗碗Can you do the dishes. ？那你可以洗盘子吗？e over 过来【拓展】come 短语：come across （偶然）发现c

3、ome back 回来come up with想出come true实现come down下来come from=be from来自,出生于come in/into 进入,进来come on赶快,加油come along走吧,过来,快点come and go来来去去come up上来come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来5. all the time = always 一直；总是You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！6. neither两者都不neither nor

4、既不也不, 连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student.7. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】 find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】 find found found v寻找(1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事(2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很 find it difficult/ hard to d

5、o sth 发现做某事很困难She found it hard to finish the work by herself.8. surprise v 使吃惊 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的surprised adj. 吃惊的to one s surprise 使某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地 惊奇地be surprised at 对 感到吃惊To my surprise_( 使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam. She asked in surprise. 她吃惊地问道。9.hang out 闲逛hang up 把.悬

6、挂/挂起10. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 7 页2 【解析】pass v 给；递；走过；通过pass sb.sth 把某物递给某Pass on 传递Please pass the paper on to the other students. v 通过；路过I pass your home. v 通过（考试）；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.11. Could I borrow that book?我能

7、借下你那本书看吗、Could you lend me some money? 你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】 borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,与 from 连用，尤指主语 “ 【借进来 ” 】borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与 to 搭配 【指借出去】lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 He doesnt want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，

8、可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】 I want to _borrow_ a bike from my friend but he didnt _lend_ it to me, because Tom had _kept_ it for two days.12. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。hate to do sth 讨厌做某事 , 表示某次具体行为或动作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。She hates smoking in her room. 13.ask构成的

9、短语：短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 寻求帮助14. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。【解析】 a waste of 浪费a waste of time 浪费时间a waste of money 浪费金钱waste v “ 浪费” waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花费时间 /金钱Dont _w

10、aste_water. Cant you see the sign “save water ”?15.spend. on sth 在某事上花费 . spend/pay/cost/take 花费(1)spend spent spent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+ spend + 时间/钱+on sth sb. +spend + 时间/钱+（in） doing sthspend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games.Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones

11、, because theyre not going to be around forever.My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car. (2) pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 7 页3 How much did you _pay_ for this computer? Five hundred doll

12、ars.(3) cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事sth cost sb. + 钱某物花费某人多少钱A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend. It _cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)taketook taken v 花费It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.16.in order to “目的是；为了 ” 后接动

13、词原形。in order to do sth 为了做某事He ran quickly in order not _to be_ late for the meeting.17.provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物provide v 提供provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介词用 for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介词 with)供应某人某物相当于： offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. provide为应急等做好准备而“ 提供；供给 ”provide sb. with sth. =provid

14、e sth for sb. 提供某人某物offer侧重表示 “ 愿意给予 ”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. 对某人提供某物offer to do sth 主动提出干某事supply 定期 “ 供应 ” , 强调替代或补充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物 The Internet provides us _with_a lot of _information_we need. Could you please provide us _with_ some information about t

15、he students health? Of course, its my pleasure. 18. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 无论如何， 我认为做家务并不那么难。【解析】 anyway 无论如何 , (一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）19. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。【解析】 depend on 依靠；信赖 Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? Well, it all

16、 _depends on_ the weather. 20. Doing chores helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教他们如何照顾自己。【解析】 develop independence 培养独立意识develop v development n 发展developing adj. 发展的 developed adj. 发达的a developing country 一个发展中国家 a developed cou

17、ntry 一个发达国家China is a _developing_country. 21. As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped. 结果，他常常生病，功课也落下了。【解析 1】as a result 结果 （插入语，放在句首，用逗号隔开）Dont ask him too late into the night, _As a result_ , he is only a small child.【解析 2】fall ill 生病fall asleep 入睡精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 -

18、- - - - - -第 3 页，共 7 页4 二【重点短语】1.go out for dinner 出去吃饭2.stay out late 在外面待到很晚3.go to the movies 去看电影4.get a ride 搭车5.work on 从事6.finish doing sth. 完成做某事7.clean and tidy 干净整洁的8.do the dishes 洗餐具9.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾10.fold your/the clothes 叠衣服11.sweep the floor 扫地12.make your/the bed 整理床铺13.cle

19、an the livng room 打扫客厅14.no problem 没问题15.welcome sb. 欢迎某人e home from school/work放学 / 下班回家17.throw down 扔下18.sit down 坐下e over 过来20.take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步21.all the time 一直 ;总是22.all day/evening 整曰 /夜 23.do housework 做家务24.shout back 大声回应25.walk away 走26.share the housework 分担家务27.a comfortable

20、home 一个舒适的家28.in surprise 惊讶地29.get something to drink 拿点喝的东西30.watch one show 观看一个节目31.hang out 闲逛 32.pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人33.lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人34.get sth. wet 使某物弄湿35. hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事36.do chores 做杂务37.help sb. (to ) d o /with sth?帮助某人干某事38.bring a tent带顶帐篷来39.buy some snacks买些小吃40.go to

21、the store去商店41.invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会42.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事43.enough stress足够的压力44.a waste of time浪费时间45.in order to为了46.get good grades取得好成绩47.mind doing sth. 介意做某事48.depend on依赖 ;依靠 49.develop childrens independence发展孩子的独立性精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 7 页5 50.loo

22、k after/take care of 照顾；照看51.do one s part in (doing ) sth. 做某人分内的事三【重点句型】1.Could you please clean your room? 你能打扫一下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some work. 我必须干些活。3. Could I use your computer? 我可以用一下你的电脑吗？4. She wont be happy if she sees this mess. 如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5. For one week, she did not do any h

23、ousework and neither did I. 整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV . 我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7. I hate to do chores. 我不喜欢做杂务。练习题一、翻译下列短语。1. 洗盘子 _2. 倒垃圾 _3. 叠衣服 _4. 扫地 _5. 铺床 _6. 打扫起居室 _7. 出去吃晚饭 _8. 去看电影 _9. 为了 _10. 借一些钱 _11. 搭车_12. 去商店 _13. buy some drinks and sn

24、acks_14. invite my friends to a party_15. use your CD player_16. stay out late_二、词汇。A) 根据所给中文完成下列句子。1. Throw these _ ( 垃圾 ) in the bin.2. I don t want to see the film and _ (而且 ) I haven t got any money. 3. I _ ( 折叠 ) the letter and put it in the envelope.4. There was a terrible _ ( 杂乱 ) after the p

25、arty.5. He can t swim. _ (也不 ) can I.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 7 页6 6. Could you _ ( 递) me the salt?7. She _ (厌恶 ) the smell of smoke.8. The telephone rang _ (在期间 ) I was having a shower.9. I tried to find a job in order to _ (提供 ) clothes and food for my family.10. He _ (

26、依靠 ) on you to help him.B) 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. Could you please _ (sweep) he floor?2. You will find several shops in the _ (neighbor).3. He _ (develop) the little shop into a big store.4. The streets were littered with _ (rubbish).5. Could you make your bed and _ (fold) your clothes?6. Did you receive _

27、 (fairness) treatment?7. Could you please _ (pass) me that book?8. Don t do that. It s a _ (waste) of time.9. The climber _ (drop) and hurt himself.10. When you re scared but you still do it _ (anyway), that s brave.三、单项选择。 （15 分）1. To protect the environment, supermarkets don t _ free plastic bags

28、for shoppers.A. take B. show C. provide D. carry2. Paul, could you please _ the TV? Jim is sleeping now. Sorry. Ill do it right now.A. turn up B. turning up C. turn down D. turning down3. Could you lend me the book you bought last week? _.A. Yes, here you are B. No, I can t lend C. It s not interest

29、ing D. A good idea4. Could you finish the task in two days?_. I have something else to do these days.A. I could not B. Yes, I think so C. I m afraid so D. I m afraid not5. Excuse me, could you help me carry the heavy box? _.A. Yes, I could B. It doesn t matter C. With pleasure D. Don t mention it6.

30、Could I _ your iPad, Alice? Of course. Here you are.A. lend B. keep C. borrow D. return7. He often borrows money _ others but he doesn t lend anything _ anybody.A. from, from B. to, from C. from, to D. to, to8. Could you _ me Mary s telephone number? I want to call her.A. to give B. give C. giving D

31、. gives9. Every morning, I get up at six o clock, _ and have a quick breakfast.A. make bed B. make a bed C. make my bed D. make one s bed10. Could I borrow your car? _, I need it. I _ go to school.A. Certainly, don t B. Sorry, have to C. Certainly, don t have to D. Sure, have to11. Could you help me

32、 take it to the classroom? _.A. Yes, I could B. No, I couldn t C. Yes, sure D. No, I dont精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 7 页7 12. Who will send you to the school, your mom or your dad? _. I ll go there alone.A. Both B. Either C. Neither D. None13. Young people hate _ chores beca

33、use it s boring.A. to do B. to doing C. did D. to be doing14. Can I _ your textbook? I left mine at home.A. borrow B. lend C. keep D. kept15. _ they live one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.A. Since B. For C. In order to D. S

34、o that四、完成句子。1. 你能扫地吗？_ you please _ the floor?2. 如果她看到这么乱，她会不高兴的。She _ be happy if she sees this _.3. 我扔下我的包去了起居室。I _ _ my bag and went to the living room.4. 她没做任何家务，我也没有。She did not do any housework and _ _ I.5. 做家务可帮助培养孩子独立。Doing _ helps to _ children s independence.6. 为了取得好成绩，他们应该把时间花在功课上。They s

35、hould spend their time on schoolwork _ _ to get good grades. 7. 如今的孩子过于依赖父母。Children these days _ _ their parents too much.8. 结果，他经常生病， 成绩下降。_ a _, he often fell ill and his grades dropped.9. 他不知道如何照顾自己。He had no idea how to _ _ of himself.参考答案一、翻译下列短语。1. do the dishes 2. take out the rubbish 3. fol

36、d the clothes 4. sweep the floor 5. make the bed 6. clean the living room 7. go out for dinner 8. go to the movies 9. in order to 10. borrow some money 11. get a ride 12. go to the store 13. 买一些饮料和零食14. 邀请朋友们来派对15. 用你的 CD 播放器16. 在外面呆到很晚二、词汇。A) 根据所给中文完成下列句子。1. rubbish 2. anyway 3. folded 4. mess 5. n

37、either 6. pass 7. hates 8. while 9. provide 10. dependsB) 用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. sweep 2. neighborhood 3. developed 4. rubbish 5. fold 6. fair 7. pass 8. waste 9. dropped 10. anyway三、单项选择。1 5 C C A D C 6 10 C C B C B 11 15 C C A A A四、完成句子。1. Could, sweep 2. won t, mess 3. threw, down 4. neither, did 5. chores, develop 6. in, order 7. depend, on 8. As, result 9. take, care精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 7 页