2022年八年级下册第一单元知识点总结 .pdf

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1、Unit 1 What s the matter? 语法：情态动词 should 的用法及反身代词词形变换1. foot (n.) 脚 feet（复数）2. hurt(v.)(使）疼痛；受伤 hurt（过去式）3. hit (v.)击；打hit（过去式）4. sick (adj.)生病的；有病的 sickneess(n.) 疾病 ill (adj.)生病的 illness(n.)疾病5. climber (n.)登山者 climb (v.）攀登6. knife (n.)刀knives(复数）7. importance(n.)重要性important(adj.)重要的8. decision(n.

2、) 决定；抉择 decide(v.) 决定短语归纳1. have a cold 感冒 2. have a headache 头痛3. have a cough 咳嗽 4. have a toothache 牙疼5. have a fever 发烧 6. have a stomachache 胃痛7.have a sore throat 喉咙痛 8. have a sore back 背疼9. have the flu 患流感 10. see a dentist 看牙医11. get an X-ray 拍 X 光片 12. take one s temperature 量体温13. drink

3、some hot tea with honey 喝带蜂蜜的热茶14. lie down 躺下 15. take breaks (take a break) 休息16. all weekend 整个周末 17. in the same way 以同样的方式18. sound like 听起来像 19. go to a /the doctor 去看医生20. go along 沿着走 21. on the side of the road 在马路边22. shout for help 大声呼救 23. 24-year-old 24 岁的24. get on 上车 （公共汽车） get off 下车

4、（公共汽车） get into 上小汽车 get out of 下小汽车25. to one s surprise 令某人吃惊的是 26. thanks to 幸亏，由于27.in time 及时 on time 准时，按时28.right away=right now=at once 立刻 ，马上29. get into trouble 陷入麻烦 30. have a nosebleed 流鼻血31.hit sb. on the + 身体硬的部位 hit sb. in the +身体软的部位32. fall down 跌倒 33. lose one s life 失去某人的生命34. tak

5、e risks (take a risk) 冒险 35. cut off 切除36. get out of离开；从出来 37. make a decision 作决定38.be in control of 掌管；管理 39. give up 放弃精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页40. the importance of 的重要性考点集萃1. enough 的用法： adj. enough+ 名词 enough time adv. 形容词 /副词+enough big enough She is not old en

6、ough to go to school. = She so young that she can t go to school. =She is too young to go to school. 2. 询问“某人怎么了”句型 What s wrong (with sb.) ?=What s the matter (with sb.) ? =What s the trouble with sb.? =What happened to sb.? 3. too much 、too many 、 much too 辨析too much+ 不可数名词太多too many+可数名词太多 much t

7、oo+ 形容词太4. lie 和 lay 用法辨析意思过去式过去分词现在分词lie 平躺lay lain lying 说谎lied lied lying lay 放置，下蛋laid laid laying 那个男孩撒谎说有只公鸡（躺）在树下下蛋。The boy that a cock was under the tree laying eggs . 5. think of, think about, think twice think of 想起；认为think about 思考；思索think twice 认真思考；三思6.“疼痛”的四种表达方式have/has a + 表示身体部位的名词

8、+词缀-ache I have a stomachache. have/has a sore+ 表示身体部位的名词 I have a sore stomach. 表示体部位的名词 +hurt(s) My stomach hurts. have/has a pain + in + the+ 表示身体部位的名词 I have a pain in the stomach. 7.with 的用法 “ 带有；具有 ” drink some hot tea with honey “和一起”“使用”注：with 引导的介词短语置于主语之后时，句中谓语动词的单复数要与该短语前的主语的单复数保持一致（就前原则

9、） A woman with two children is coming into the shop. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页8. surprise 、surprised 、surprising 单词辨析 (n.) to one s surprise 令某人吃惊的是 in surprise 惊奇地surprise (v.) surprise sb. 使某人吃惊的是surprised(adj.) be surprised at sth. 对某事感到惊奇 (主语是人 ) be surprised to do

10、 sth. 做某事感到惊奇surprising(adj.) “令人惊讶的是”主语通常是物9. thanks to 和 thanks for 辨析thanks to “幸亏，由于 ”，后接名词、代词或动词ing 形式thanks for 因而感谢 ，后跟感谢的原因10. happen 的用法 sth. happen(s/ed)+ 时间/地点某时/某地发生了某事 sth. happen(s/ed) to sb. 某人发生了某事 sb. happen(s/ed) to do sth. 某要碰巧做某事11. be used to 习惯于；适应于 be/get used to (doing) sth.

11、习惯于（做）某事 be used to do sth . 被用来做某事 used to do sth . 过去常常做某事12. run out 和 run out of 辨析 sb. run out of sth. =sb. use up sth. 某人用完某物 sth. run out =sth. be used up 某物被用完13. mean (v.) 意思是；打算；意欲（meant) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 meaning(n.)意思 the meaning of 的意思 meaningless (adj.) 毫无意义的

12、14. death (n.) 死；死亡 the death of 的死亡 die(v.) 死 dead(adj. ) 死的 dying(adj.）垂死的必备句型1. see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在进行） see sb. do sth . 看见某人做某事的全过程（强调动作的结果或过程）2. take sb./sth. to sp. 把某人/某物带到某地3. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 agree with sb. 赞同某人精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页4.e

13、xpect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事5. have trouble / problems (in ) doing sth . 做某事有困难6. be interested in (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感兴趣7. be ready to do sth . 准备好做某事；乐意做某事8. keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 9. mind doing sht. 介意做某事10.give up doing sth .放弃做某事11. decide to do sth. =make a decision to do sth. 决定做某事必备句子1. Yo

14、u need to take breaks away from the computer. 2. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving. (without 可与 if not 同义句转换 ) I can t finish the work without his help. =I can t finish the work if he doesn t help me. 3. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 4.The dr

15、iver didn t think about himeself. He only thought about saving a life. 5. Did you hurt yourself playing soccer? 6. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 7. This means being a difficult situationg that you cannot seem to get out of. 反身代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself yourself himself/herself/itself 复数ourselves yourselves yourselves enjoy oneself=have a good time=have fun 玩得开心，过得愉快 help oneself (to) sth. 请自便 teach oneself=learn by oneself 自学 dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服 hurt oneself 伤到某人自己精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页