2022年八年级下重点短语及句型 .pdf

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1、八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）1八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇Unit 1 Will people have robots? 1.fewer people/trees更少的人 /树 less free time/pollution 更少的空闲时间 /污染2.in ten years 10年后（“in+一段时间”表示的短语常用于一般将来时，对此短语提问用 How soon）3.there be 句型的一般将来时态there will be 或 there is/are going to be 将会有4.fall/fell in love with sb/

2、sth 爱上某人 /某物 eg：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他5.live alone 单独居住feel lonely 感到孤独The girl walked alonealongthe street, but she didnt feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独6.keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪fly to the moon 飞上月球7.hundreds of +复数数百/几百（概数，类似还有thous

3、ands of; millions of）8.the same as 和相同9.A be different from B A 与 B 不同(=There is a difference/There are differences between A and B) 10. wake up 醒来（ wake sb. up表示 唤醒某人 11. get bored变得厌倦（get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如 tired/angry/excite 等）12. go skating去滑冰（类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding 等）13. lot

4、s of/a lot of 许多（修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以）14. at/on the weekends在周末study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习15. agree with sb. 同意某人 (的意见 ) 16. I don t agree. = I disagree.我不同意17.on a piece of paper 在一张纸上（注意 paper/information/news/work/homework/housework 等常考到的不可数名词）18. on vacation度假help sb with sth/help sb do sth帮助

5、某人做某事19. live to be +数字 活到岁 live in an apartment 住 在 公 寓 里live on the twelfth floor 住在 12 楼live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路 332 号20. as a reporter作为一名记者look smart 显得精神 /看起来聪明21. Are you kidding?你在骗我吗in the future /in future 在将来 /今后22.dress oneself 给自己穿衣。 Eg. She could dress herself when she was

6、four. 她四岁时，就能自己穿衣服了。be dressed in 穿着Eg. He was dressed in a white T-shirt.他穿着一件白色的T 恤。23.be able to与can能、会（be able to 用于各种时态， 而 can只能用于一般现在时态和一般过去时态中；） 例如：1.I think they will be able to finish their work by themselves.我认为他们将能够独自完成他们的工作。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新

7、目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）2（不可以用can）34. be big and crowded大而且拥挤 be in college在上大学24. live on a space station 住在空间站dress casually穿得很随意 casual clothing 休闲服饰win the next World Cup 赢得世界杯win award 获奖25. come true（希望，梦想等）变成现实,实现 take hundreds of years花几百年的时间be fun to watch看起来有趣over and over again一次又一次26. be

8、 in different shapes形状不同twenty years from now今后 20 年27.本单元目标句型：1.There will be robots in pepple s homes. 在人们的家里将会有机器人。2.People will live to be 200 years old. 人们将活到 200岁。3.What do you think life will be like in 100 years?你认为 100年以后的生活将会像什么样？4.There will be fewer trees 、more buildings and less polluti

9、on in the future. Fewer, less分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more二者都可以修饰。5.Will kids go to school? No, they wont/Yes, they will。6.Predicting the future can be difficult. 7.I need to look smart for my job interview. 8.I will be able to dress more casually. 9.I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I migh

10、t even visit Australia. 10. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now? 11. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago. 本单元语法讲解一般将来时表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。本时态标志词：1.含 tomorrow; next 短语；2.in+段时间 ； 3.how soon；5.在时

11、间 /条件状语从句中 , 如果从句用一般现在时 , 主句用将来时比较 be going to 与 will: be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will 表示的将来时间则较远一些。如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. 2. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will 表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. 3. be

12、 going to 含有 计划，准备 的意思，而will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. 4.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用 will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, Ill stay with you and help you. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）3Uni

13、t 2 What should I do?1.too loud 太大声 out of style 过时的in style 流行的2.call sb up=ring sb.up=call/ring/phone sb. 给某人打电话3.enough money足够的钱 busy enough够忙4.a ticket to a ball game一张球赛的门票注意： the key to the lock/the answer to the question/the solution to the problem . 此处几个短语不能用 of 表示所有格5.talk about 谈论talk to

14、/with sb.与某人交谈6.on the phone 用电话 talk on the phone 打电话7.sb. pay +钱 for为 付款 She paid 20 for that nice blouse.她买那件漂亮的衬衣花了 20 美元。8.sb. spendon +sth.=sb. spend.( in) doing sth.在花钱Eg: I spent 5 yuan on this pen.=I spent 5 yuan in buying this pen. 买这支钢笔花了我5 元钱。9.It takes sb. some time to do sth.某人做某事花的时间1

15、0.You can keep the book for a week 你可以借这本书一周。（不用borrow或lend）11. buy sth for sb为买东西12. tell sb to do /not to do sth.sth 告诉某人做某事13. want sb. to do sth.=would like sb. to do想要某人做某事14. find out 发现；查清楚；弄明白play CDs/ music 放录象 /音乐15. fail the test=not pass the test 考试不及格fail in (doing) sth在.上失败 ,变弱16. succ

16、eed in (doing) sth在.方面成功17. write sb a letter/write to sb.给某人写信18. surprise sb. 使某人吃惊（类似有： surprise/interest/please/amaze+ 某人）19. to one s surprise使某人吃惊的是to one s joy使某人高兴的是 .20.look for a part-time job 找一份兼职的工作（不一定有结果）21. get/find a part-time job 找到一份兼职的工作（有结果）22. ask sb. for寻求/向某人要某物23. have a bak

17、e sale 卖烧烤24. argue with sb = have an argument with sb. 与某人争吵25. have a fight with sb.=fight with sb.与某人打架26. prepare for=get ready for为做准备27. after-school clubs(activities) 课外俱乐部（活动）be/get used to doing 习惯做某事 used to do 过去经常 /常常做某事 be used for doing=be used to do sth. 被用于做某事fill up填补；装满 be full of

18、装满28. return sth. to sb.=give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人29. get on /along well with 与相处很好all kinds of 各种各样30. as much as possible=as much as you can 尽可能多精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）431. take part in=join in 参加（某种活动/集会）32.a bit =a little 一点儿

19、be angry with生的气33. by oneself=on ones own某人自己 /独自地34. on the one hand一方面on the other hand另一方面35.I find/feel/think it difficult to do. 我发现 /感到 /认为做某事很难. 36.see/hear/watch sb. doing sth. 看到 /听见 /注视某人正在做37.not until直到才（谓语动词一般是非延续动词）38. 表示某人情绪有关的形容词用法: be/become+ upset/tired/excited/interested/worried/

20、surprised/amazed/annoyed 说明：当主语是某人时，注意后面的形容词一般是-ed 结尾的单词，而当主语是某物时或修饰名词时，注意后面形容词一般是-ing 结尾单词 .）例如:I was surprised/interested/amazed when I heard the surprising/interesting/amazing news. 53 radio advice program电台提建议的节目be original 新颖的55. leave sth. somewhere 把某物忘在某处 eg: I left my books at home. 56 spor

21、ts clothes运动服 the same age as=as old as 和- 年龄一样58. the tired children 疲惫不堪的孩子complain about (doing sth) 抱怨60.take their children from activity to activity 带着孩子参加一个接一个的活动61.try to do sth, 尽量干某事try doing sth 试着干某事62.be under too much pressure 压力太大63.a mother of three 三个孩子的妈妈64.take part in after-schoo

22、l clubs 参加课后俱乐部pepition starts from a very young age 竞争从很小年纪就开始了pare A with B 把 A 和 B 进行比较 compare A to B 把 A 比作 B 67.organized activities 有组织的活动本单元目标句型：1.Whats wrong(with you)?/Whats the matter?2.What should I do? 我该怎么办3.You could write him a letter. 你可以给他写封信.You should say sorry to him.你应该给他道歉 . 4

23、.They shouldn t argue.他们不应该争吵 .5.Why dont you talk to him about it?6.=Why not talk to him about it?=You should/could talk to him about it. 7.=What/How about talking to him about it.=Youd better talk to him about it.8.The parents try to fit as much as possible into their kids lives. 9.Activities incl

24、ude sports, language learning, music and math classes. 10. Thirty people, including six children (six children included), went to visit the factory. 11. People shouldnt push their children so hard. 12. Parents are trying to plan their kids lives for them. When these kids are adults, they 精选学习资料 - -

25、- - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）5might find difficult to plan things for themselves. Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived? 1.in front of 在, 的前面（外部）in the front of 在, 的前面（内部）2.in the library 在图书馆 get out of/get into 出, 之外/进入3.sleep late 睡懒觉 slee

26、p well 睡得好 get to sleep=fall asleep 睡着4.walk down/along 沿, 走take off (飞机)起飞；脱下（衣帽）5.on Sunday evening 在星期日晚上注意:（特指某日如星期、假日、某月某日或某个特定的上、下午、晚上用on）6.in the tree在树上on the tree在树上7.take photos 照相 at the train station在火车站run away 跑开，逃跑8.as+adj原形 as 和一样例如： She is (not) as beautiful as her sister. I can run

27、 as fast as he(him) 9.buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 为某人买 /画/制作 walk home 走回家10. in history 在历史上for example 例如11. in the city of 在, 市on the playground在操场上12. ten minutes ago 十分钟前13. take place发生（强调必然性） happen to sth./sb. 发生（强调偶然性）例如： What has happened to you?=What s the matter with you?=Whats wrong with

28、 you?14. of course=sure=certainly当然15. all over the world=around the world 遍及全世界16. outside/inside the station在车站外 /内17. next to 相邻，紧贴be close to接近于；在附近18. be ill in hospital/bed 生病住院 /在床19. hear about/of 听说（间接听到）20. in silence 沉默不语keep silent 保持沉默21. an unusual experience 一次不寻常的经历22. have fun doing

29、 sth 干某事有乐趣have difficult time doing sth 干某事有困难23. have meaning to 对有意义24. become the first Chinese astronaut in space 成为中国第一个太空宇航员25. a national hero 一个民族英雄35. be famous all over the world 全世界出名36. for the first time 第一次本单元目标句型 : What were you doing when I arrived/at that time/at 8:00 last night/fr

30、om 9:00 to 10:00 yesterday? 1.I was doing sth. When+一般过去时的时间状语从句.2.How about. / What about.? 3.While sth./sb. was doing sth., I was doing sth. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）64.当不明飞行物着陆时，你正在干啥？What were you doing when the UFO landed? 5.当妈妈正在做饭

31、时，我在看电视。While my mother was cooking ,I was watching TV. 6.I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me. 7.You can image how strange it was. 8.I followed to see where it was going. 9.Isn t that amazing! 10. She didn t thinking about looking outside the station.11.I was so tire

32、d this morning. It was difficult to get out of the bed. 12.Liu Xiang won the gold medal at the 2004 Olympics. 13.Beijng was made host to the 2008 Olympics. 14.People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in history. 15. This was one of the most important ev

33、ents in modern American history. 16.Even the most everyday activities can seem important. 17.Our teacher asked us to stop what we were doing and listen. 18.However, in more recent times, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was destroyed by terrorists.

34、 19.Not all events in history are as terrible as this, of course. 20. His flight around the Earth lasted about 22 hours. 本单元语法讲解过去进行时（ Past Progressive Tense）句型 S + was/were +V-ing ,例 A：She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday evening. （昨天傍晚八点半她正在做家庭作业。）例 B： We were having supper at that time. （

35、那个时候我们正在吃晚饭。）精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）7解说如例 1 所示，在单句中使用过去进行时来表达时必须把该动作正在进行中的时间表明清楚，否则就不合逻辑了。例如：I was taking a bath yesterday. （错）（昨天我正在洗澡 昨天 24 小时都正在洗澡吗？）所以本句应该如例1来表达，或者用一般过去时表达如下：I took a bath yesterday.（昨天我洗了澡。 ）如果由上下文的文意，或者对谈中的话意可以了解“

36、动作正在进行中的时间”，单句里就使用过去进行时来表达是很普通的，例如：A：I called you up yesterday evening. B：Did you? At what time? A：At around ten oclock. （大约在十点钟。 ）B：Oh, I was taking a bath then. （哦，当时我正在洗澡。）过去进行时在表达上常用的句式是如例2 所示和另一个一般过去时的动作相搭配。请观察下面的图解说明：过去有二动作A 和 B（如图示），在 B 动作发生时稍早发生的A 动作正好在进行中，所以这种表达法通常都是复句（主句+副词从句）。例如：When I go

37、t up this morning, Mother was preparing breakfast in the kitchen. （今天早上我起床时妈妈正在厨房里准备早餐。 “Mother, 。 ”是主句，“when, ， ”是副词从句。）常用于修饰过去进行时的时间副词：过去的某一定点时刻（at + 过去的时刻） ，then （= at that time） （那时，当时） ，all + 时间， “When, /While ,/As, ”等副词从句，etc. Unit 4 He said I was hard-working1.every Saturday 每周六 first of all

38、首先2.both and 两者都 （谓语动词要注意对称原则）neither.nor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）3.most of 绝大多数an exciting week令人兴奋的一周4.agree on something同意某人的计划；对 . 取得 一致意见 agree to do sth. 答 应 /同意做 pass on (to) 传递pass sb.sth. 递给某人某物5.be supposed to do sth. 被期望或被要求做 . .be mad at 对, 疯狂/生气精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第

39、 7 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）86.do better in=be better at在.方面做得更好 be in good health身体健康7.report card 成绩单 sound /feel /smell /taste /look 是连系动词，一般只能跟adj.做表语 sound like/feel like/smell like/taste like/look like听起来像 /感觉像 /闻起来像/尝起来像 /看起来像 +sb./sth. 8.get over克服；恢复；原谅open up 打开/展开/开发/揭露9.car

40、e for照料；照顾；意愿；计较10. have a(surprise) party for sb. 为某人举行一次（惊喜0 聚会11. end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试12. not-any more 不再do a home project做作业13. be surprisedhappyexcited to do sth 做某事感到惊讶、高兴、激动14. be get nervous 感到紧张15. have a very hard time with. 在-日子不好过16. an disappointing result令人失望的结果17. take lea

41、ve a message 捎（留）个口信have a big fight 18. it is a good idea for sb. to do sth 19. to teach in Chinas rural areas20. feel lucky 21. people who need help 需要帮助的人22. something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事23. there is no difference betweenand. 在。 。和。 。之间没有区别37.the Hope Project 希望工程38.fortunately 本单元目标句型：转

42、述他人话语:What did sb. say? He said I She said she They said 1.许老师告诉我徐梦蝶会说二种语言。Mr. Xu told me that XuMengdie could speak three languages. 2.许老师说地球绕着太阳转。Mr. Xu said (that)the earth turns around the sun. 3.许老师告诉我他将去北京。She told me he would go to Beijing the next day. 4.许老师说欧洋正在做作业Mr. Xu said OuYang was doi

43、ng his homework at that time. 5.许老师说王硕研勤奋。Mr. Xu said Wang Shuoyan was hard-working. 6.在英语上，与听相比，我更擅长于读。In English, I m better at reading than listening. 7.情况怎样？How s it going? 8.她不想再当我最好的朋友了。She didn t want to be my best friend anymore. 9.I said it would start a bad habit , and that she would do he

44、r own work. 10.That s about all the news I have now. Mum and Dad send their love. 11.She said helping others changed her life. 12.Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not like fun to you. 13.The Peking University graduate first went there as an volunteer on

45、a one-year program. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 26 页八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇（Units1-10）914.Life in the mountains was a new experience for Lang Lei. Her village was 2,000metere above the sea level, and at first the thin air made her feel sick. 15.Young people today need to experi

46、ence different things 16.Some of the students may not be able to go to senior high school or collage. 17.I can open up my students eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.18.She said she likes being a good influence in the children s lives.19.She now works as a math teacher at a

47、 high school in the city of Pingliang, Gansu Province. 20.You are at B s house working on a homework project.21.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to r eturn it, but A didn t come to the bus stop. 22.A calls you with a message for C. Pass on the message, and then give C s answer

48、to A.23.What are some things that happen on soap operas? 本单元语法讲解直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。1. 时态的变化 ：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said，asked 等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行

49、时等。例如：Tom said to me,My brother is doing his homework. Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。如：She asked Jack, Where have you been? She asked Jack where he had been. He said, These books are mine. He said that those books were his. （二）直接引语改为间

50、接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。I want the blue one. he told us. 我想要兰色的。 他说。He told us that he wanted the blue one.他说他想要兰色的。She said to me, You cant do anything now. 她对我说： 此刻你无法做任何事情。 She told me that I couldn t do anything then.她对我说那时我无法做任何事。2. 疑问句