2022年2021年6月大学英语四级真题及答案完整版 .pdf

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1、2019 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及答案完整版（卷三）Part I Writing【题干】 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a news report to your school newspaper on a volunteer activity organized by your Student Union to help elderly people in the neighborhood. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha

2、n180 words. Part Reading Section ASection A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice

3、 in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Just because they cant sing opera or ride a bicycle doesnt mean that animals dont have cult

4、ure. Theres no better example of thisthan killer whales. As one of the most_(27)predators(食肉动物 )，k名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - iller whales may not fit the_(28) of a cultured creature. However,these beasts of th

5、e sea do display a vast range of highly_(29)behaviors that appear to be driving their genetic development. The word culture comes from the Latin colere, which_(30)means to cultivate .In other words, it refers to anything that is_(31)or learnt, rather than instinctive or natural. Among human populati

6、ons, culture not only affects the way we live, but also writes itself into our genes, affecting who we are. For instance, having spentmany generations hunting the fat marine mammals of the Arctic, the Eskimos of Greenland have developed certain genetic_(32)thathelp them digest and utilize this fat-r

7、ich diet, thereby allowing them to_(33)in their cold climate. Like humans, killer whales have colonized a range of different_(34)across the globe, occupying every ocean basin on the planet, with an empire that_(35)from pole to pole. As such, different populations of killer whales have had to learn d

8、ifferent hunting techniques in order to gain the upper hand over their local prey( 猎物). This, in turn, has a major effect on their diet, leading scientists to_(36)that the ability to learn population-specific hunting methods could be driving the animals genetic development. 【选项】名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - -

9、 - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - A.acquired B.adaptations C.brutal D.deliberately E.expressed F.extends G.habitats H.humble I.image J.literally K.refined L.revolves M.speculate N.structure O.thrive 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - -

10、- - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - Part Reading Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage withten statements attached to each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the

11、information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2. Living with parents edges out other living arrangements for 18-to 34-year -olds. A Broad demographic(人口的 )shifts is m

12、arital status, educational attainment and employment have transformed the way young adults in the U.S. are living, and a new Pew Research Center analysis highlights the implications of these changes for the most basic element of their lives where they call home. In 2014, for the first time in more t

13、han 130 years, adults ages 18 to 34 were slightly more likelyto be living in their parents home than they were to be living with a spouse or partner in their own household. B This turn of events is fueled primarily by the dramatic drop in the share of young Americans who are choosing to settle down

14、romantically before age 35. Dating back to 1880, the most common 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - living arrangement among young adults has been living with a romantic partner, whether a spouse or a significant othe

15、r. This type of arrangement peaked around 1960, when 62% of the nations 18-to 34-year -olds were living with a spouse or partner in their own household, and only one-in-five were living with their parents. C By 2014, 31.6% of young adults were living with a spouse orpartner in their own household, b

16、elow the share living in the home of their parent(s)(32.1%). Some 14% of young adults lived alone, were a single parent or lived with one or more roommates. The remaining 22% lived in the home of another family member (such asa grandparent, in-law or sibling( 兄弟姐妹 ), a non-relative, or in group quar

17、ters like college dormitories. D Its worth noting that the overall share of young adults livingwith their parents was not at a record high in 2014. This arrangement peaked around 1940, when about 35% of the nations 18-to 34-year -olds lived with mom and/or dad (compared with 32% in 2014). What has c

18、hanged, instead, is the relative share adopting different ways of living in early adulthood, with the decline of romantic coupling pushing living at home to the top of a much less uniform list of living arrangements. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

19、- - 第 5 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - Among young adults, living arrangements differ significantly by gender. For men ages 18 to 34, living at home with mom and/or dad has been the dominant living arrangement since 2009, In 2014, 28% of young men were living with a spouse of partner in their ownhome, w

20、hile 35% were living in the home of their parent(s). Youngwomen, however, are still more likely to be living with a spouse ofromantic partner(35%)than they are to be living with their parent(s)(29%). F In 2014, more young women(16%)than young men(13%)were heading up a household without a spouse or p

21、artner. This is mainlybecause women are more likely than men to be single parents living with their children. For their part, young men(25%)are more likely than young women(19%)to be living in the home of another family member, a non-relative or in some type of group quarters. G A variety of factors

22、 contribute to the long-run increase in the share of young. Adults living with the parents. The first in the postponement of, if not retreat from, marriage. The average age of first marriage has risen steadily for decades. In addition, a growing share of young adult may be avoiding marriage altogeth

23、er. A previous Pew Research Center analysis projected that as many as one-in-four of todays young adult may never marry. While cohabitation(同居)名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - has been on the rise, the overall share

24、 of young adults either married or living with an unmarried partner has substantially fallen since1990. H In addition, trends in both employment status and wages have likely contributed to the growing share of young adults who areliving in the home of their parent(s), and this is especially true of

25、young men. Employed young men are much less likely to live at home than young men without a job, and employment among youngmen has fallen significantly in recent decades. The share of young men with jobs peaked around 1960 at 84%. In 2014, only 71% of 18-to 34-year-old men were employed. Similarly w

26、ith earnings, youngmens wages (after adjusting for inflation) have been on a downward trajectory(轨迹)since 1970 and fell significantly form 2000 to 2010.As wages have fallen ,the share of young men living in the home of their parent(s) has risen. I Economic factors seem to explain less of why young a

27、dult women are increasingly likely to live at home. Generally, young womenhave had growing success in the paid labor market since 1960 andhence might increasingly be expected to be a be to afford to afford to live independently of their parents. For women, delayed marria名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - -

28、 - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - ge-which is related, in part, to labor market outcomes for men may explain more of the increase in their living in the family home. J The Great Recession (and modest recovery) has also been associated with an in

29、crease in young adults living at home. Initially in the wake of the recession, college enrollments expanded, boosting the ranks of young adults living at home. And given the weak job opportunities facing young adults, living at home was part of the private safety net help young adults to weather the

30、 economic storm. K Beyond gender, young adults living arrangements differ considerable by education which is tied to financial means. For young adults without a bachelors degree, as of 2008 living at home with their parents was more prevalent than living with a romantic partner.By 2014, 36% of 18-to

31、 34-year-olds who had not completed a bachelors degree were living with their parent(s) while 27% were livingwith a spouse or partner. Among college graduates, in 2014 46% were married or living with a partner, and only 19% were living with their parent(s). Young adults with a college degree have fa

32、red much better in the labor market than their less-educated counterparts,which has in turn made it easier to establish their own households. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 37.【题干】 Unemployed young men are more li

33、kely to live with their parents than the employed. 38.【题干】 In 2014, the percentage of men aged 18 to 34 living with their parents was greater than that of their female counterparts. 39.【题干】 The percentage of young people who are married or live with a partner has greatly decreased in the past three

34、decades or so. 40.【题干】 Around the mid-20th century, only 20 percent of 18- to 34-year-old lived in their parents home. 41.【题干】 Young adults with a college degree found it easier to live independently of their parents. 42.【题干】Young men are less likely to end up as single parents than young women. 43.

35、【题干】 More young adult women live with their parents than before due to delayed marriage. 44.【题干】 The percentage of young men who live with their parents has grown due to their decreased pay in recent decades. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 9

36、页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - 45.【题干】 The rise in the number of college students made more young adults live with their parents. 46. 【题干】One reason for young adults to live with their parents is that get married late or stay single all their lives Part Reading Section CDirections: There are 2 passages

37、in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A、B、C、and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 47 t

38、o 51 are based on the following passage. According to the majority of Americans, women are every bit as capable of being good political leaders as men. The same can be said of their ability to dominate the corporate boardroom. And according to a new Pew Research Center survey on women and leadership

39、, most Americans find women indistinguishable from men on key leadership traits such as intelligence and capacity for innovation, with many saying theyre stronger than men in terms of being passionate and organized leaders. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - -

40、 - - - - - 第 10 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - So why, then, are women in short supply at the top of government and business in the United States? According to the public, at least, its not that they lack toughness, management talent or proper skill sets. Its also not all about work-life balance. Althou

41、gh economic research and previous survey findings have shown that career interruptions related to motherhood may make it harder for women to advance in their careers and compete for top executive jobs, relatively few adults in the recent survey point to this as a key barrier for women seeking leader

42、ship roles. Only about one-in-five say womens family responsibilities are a major reason why there aren t more females in top leadership positions in business and politics. Instead, topping the list of reasons, about four-in-ten Americans point to a double standard for women seeking to climb to the

43、highest levels of either politics or business, where they have to do more than their male counterparts to prove themselves. Similar shares say the electorate( 选民)and corporate America are just not ready to put more women in top leadership positions. As a result, the public is divided about whether t

44、he imbalance incorporate America will change in the foreseeable future, even though women have made major advances in the workplace. While 53%名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - believe men will continue to hold more

45、top executive positions in business in the future, 44% say its only a matter of time before asmany women are in top executive positions as men. Americans areless doubtful when it comes to politics: 73% expect to see a female president in their lifetime. 47.【题干】What do most Americans think of women l

46、eaders according to a new Pew Research Center survey? 【选项】A.They have to do more to distinguish themselves. B.They have to strive harder to win their positions. C.They are stronger than men in terms of willpower. D.They are just as intelligent and innovative as men. 48.【题干】 What do we learn from pre

47、vious survey findings aboutwomen seeking leadership roles? 【选项】A.They have unconquerable difficulties on their way to success. B.They are lacking in confidence when competing with men. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - -

48、- - C.Their failures may have something to do with family duties. D.Relatively few are hindered in their career advancement. 49.【题干】 What is the primary factor keeping women from taking top leadership positions according to the recent survey? 【选项】A.Personality traits. B.Family responsibilities. C.Ge

49、nder bias. D.Lack of vacancies. 50.【题干】 What does the passage say about corporate America in the near future? 【选项】A.More and more women will sit in the boardroom. B.Gender imbalance in leadership is likely to change. C.The public is undecided about whether women will make goodleaders. 名师归纳总结 精品学习资料

50、- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -精心整理归纳 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 第 13 页，共 18 页 - - - - - - - - - D.People have opposing opinions as to whether it will have more women leaders. 51.【题干】 What do most Americans expect to see soon on Americas political stage? 【选项】A.A woman in the highest position