牛津深圳版七年级下册英语同步讲义与练习-Unit6-Electricity-基础版(含答案).docx

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1、_学科教师辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：初一 课 时 数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：授课主题Unit6 Electricity授课类型T同步课堂P专题实战S归纳总结教学目标 使学生能够基本掌握牛津7年级下册Unit6中的基础词汇及重要句型； 使学生掌握情态动词的基本用法和解题技巧； 提高学生通过句子成分和词性解语法填空题和阅读理解的能力。授课日期及时段T（Textbook-Based）同步课堂前情回顾 Look at the following pictures, what do you think of ? 批注：每到夜晚，整个城市灯火通明，这些都是“电先生”的功劳。那你知道电流是怎么

2、产生的吗？电是怎么进入你家里的呢？假如有人让你去买一包电，你又是否能买到呢？请认真学习本单元的内容，答案即将揭晓。体系搭建 知识点1：词汇1.electricity n.电力；电流，静电； 高涨的情绪； 紧张如：At night these streets are brilliant with a pearly radiance of electricity. Electric adj. 电的；电动的；electrical adj. 有关电的；电气科学的 2.foolish adj.愚蠢的； 鲁莽的； 荒谬的，可笑的如：He was angry with himself for having

3、made such a foolish mistake. fool vi. 欺骗；开玩笑；戏弄n. 傻瓜；愚人；受骗者vt. 欺骗，愚弄adj. 傻的Art dealers fool a lot of people.艺术品经销商会愚弄许多人。I was fool enough to accept his offer.我接受他的提议真是够傻的。 What a fool I was to believe he is a good man!A fool always finds a greater fool than himself.3.bulb n. 电灯泡 如：The light bulb in

4、 the kitchen burnt out. 4.wire n. 金属丝;金属线；vi.拍电报如：Electricity is carried along wires.Will you connect this wire to the television? 5.battery n.电电池，蓄电池； 军炮台，炮位；如：He is charging a storage battery. 6.reply n.答复、报复（行动）； vi.法律（原告对被告）答辩、作答；vt.回应，作出反应如：His evasive reply prompted me to ask another question.

5、 7.tidy adj.整洁的、数量大的； n.盛零碎物品的容器、 椅子的背罩；vt.& vi.使整洁； 弄整齐如：It was a neatly furnished and immaculately tidy room.A tidy amount of money is a large amount. 8.identify vt.识别、认出， 确定，使参与， 把看成一样；vi.确定； 认同如：Could you identify your sunshade among a hundred others.The reporters identified one of the six Ameri

6、cans as an Army Specialist. 9.conversation n.交谈、会话, 交往、交际； 会谈、 （人与计算机的）人机对话如：Please pull up a chair and join the conversation. 10.anyone pron. 任何人；任何一个；谁如：That dog will pick a quarrel with anyone he meets. 11.cooker n. 厨具，炉具如：The cooker is not yet wired in to the main supply.cook n.厨师v.煮饭，烹饪He is a

7、good cook.She can cook delicious fish. 12.fridge n. 电冰箱；冷冻机如：I put the milk and meat in the fridge. 13.lock n. 锁；一把，一撮 ;vt. 锁上；使固定；隐藏 ;vi. 卡住，不动如：She brushed a lock of hair off his forehead.They beat them up and locked them in a cell. 14.cable, n. 缆绳绳索；电学电缆；巨缆 ;vt. 发电报至；电传；固定系牢如：Steel cable will be

8、used to replace worn ropes. 15.moment n. 瞬间，片刻；时刻；重要，紧要; 红极一时如：Ill be back in a moment.The moment the clown appeared on stage, the audience folded up.at the moment 此刻；当时 in a moment 立刻；马上16.touch vt.触摸；使某物与轻轻接触； n.触摸，碰；触觉；vi.接触；联系如：I want to touch briefly on another aspect of the problem.She was off

9、 work with a touch of flu. keep in touch保持联络17. through prep. 穿过，通过 Visitors enter through a side entrance. 游客从侧门进入。 I walked through a tunnel. 我行经一处隧道。 拓展：常用短语辨析： go through 遭受 She has been going through a hard life. 她最近经遭着艰难的生活。 get through 完成，使理解 I find it impossible to get through to her.我发觉根本无法

10、让她听懂。 look through 浏览 She looked through her notes before the exam.她考试前匆匆看了一下笔记。 live through经历.而幸存 He has lived through two world wars.他经历了两次世界大战。 through、across与cross的区别： cross 作动词用，“穿过，越过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与go across同义。 Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。 across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿

11、越”之意。 Go across the road , you will find the post office on your left. 横过这条公路，你会发现邮局就在你的左边。 through是介词，“在.之中，透过”的意思，常与go, walk等动词连用，表示“穿越，横穿”等意思。主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等。 The two friends were walking through the forest.这两个朋友正沿着森林走。 知识点2：短语1.be careful with小心对待;谨慎处理 These glasses are very expensive, so

12、he is very careful with them. 2.connectto（使）连接；联结 Connect the hose（软管） to the tap and turn on the tap.be conneted to被连接到The hose is connected to the tap. 3.the power station发电厂;发电站 He took us to see the power station they built. 4.turn/switch off关(电灯,机器) Please switch the light off before leaving th

13、e room.In order to save electricity, please turn off/ switch off all the lights when you leave the room.5. turn/switch on打开(电灯,机器) Please turn/switch on the light, its getting dark.6.change into 转化,变成 They eat different kinds of food which change into energy.人们吃的各种各样的食物都转化为能量。 7.at last 最后At last, I

14、 have made some progress.最后，我取得了一些进步。8. look foolish看上去很傻 I know many people do not want to look foolish.我知道很多人都不想被人看作愚笨。9. flow through流经 The Life Principle will flow through.“生命的法则”总是不断流动的。10.in a way 某种意义上 In a way, it could make your life easier.在某种程度上，他能令你的生活更轻松。知识点3：句型1.We can use electricity

15、to do many things. We cannot /cant see electricity. Can you think of an example? Yes, I can. /No, I cannot/cant. can 情态动词，后接动词原形，其含义是“能够，可以”。2.May/Can I use your mobile phone? Yes, you may/can. No, you may not. /cant. may 表示“许可、准许、请求许可”，此时与 can 同义。3.You must not/mustnt do that, Benny! We must always

16、 be careful with electricity. must 表示“必须，应该” mustnt意为“不可以，不许”4.Im going to buy a packet of sweets.a packet of 一袋。其后可接可数名词复数或不可数名词用来表示数量。不可数名词没有复数形式，在表示数量时，常用“a+单位量词+of+不可数名词”结构。a+单位量词+of+不可数名词a bag of rice a +单位量词+of+可数名词复数a box of apples 数词+单位量词+of+不可数名词 two cups of water 数词+单位量词+of+可数名词复数two boxes

17、 of bananas 5.It is like water, in a way 在某种程度上: ，you are right. 在某种程度上,你是对的.与way的相关短语: 妨碍;挡道: His hobby sometimes gets in the way of his studies. 在途中;在路中: He is on the way to school now. 他现在在上学的途中.顺便问一下 : By the way, who is Tom? 顺便问一下,谁是汤姆? 一直: He studies hare all the way. 他学习一直很努力. 6.Electricity c

18、omes into our flat through thin wires. 电通过细电线进入我们的公寓. 进入之内: Water comes into our houses through pipes. 7.A moment later, Daisy came back. moment 可数名词,意为“瞬间，片刻” ”Id like to talk to you for a moment. 与moment相关的短语:刚刚;刚才： He was here a moment ago.现在;此刻： He is at home at the moment.等一会儿： Wait a moment, p

19、lease.8.Batteries provide toy cars with 供应给某人某物： “为某人提供某物”还可以用： The sun provides us with light and heat. =The sun light and heat for 9.speak as many languages as Lo. 说和Lo一样多的语言. “as many + 复数名词+as ” 意为”和一样多的” 我和你有一样多的书.“as much +不可数名词+as” 意为”和一样多的” 10.share cups with others 与别人合用杯子 与某人合用/分享某物 ： Lucy

20、 shares a bedroom with Lily. 露西和莉莉合用一间卧室.11.Keep the outside of the pot dry. 让锅的外表保持干燥。(1) 意为“让某人/某物保持某种状态”。(2) 连续不断地做某事，一直做。强调不断重复的动作。Li Lei keeps buying books about cars. 李雷不断地买有关车的书。(3) 让某人不断地做某事(4) 阻止某人做某事We must keep them from getting to know our plans. 我们必须防止他们知道我们的计划。12.because it might start

21、 a fire. 因为它可能会引起火灾。might 情态动词，意为“可能，也许”。 Its rain today. 恐怕今天会下雨。13.Stand at least one metre away from the microwave when it is on. 至少A child must sleep at least eight hours a day. 与least有关的短语：(1) 一点也不： He is not in the least worried about his future.他一点也不担心他的未来。(2) 最不的 ： Nobody cared, least of all

22、 my little brother. 没有人在意，更不用说我的小弟弟了。14.make sure it is microwave safe. 确保它适用于微波炉。 务必，确信： And you have to a good work environment, what I always say.所以我经常说，你要确保良好的工作环境。典例分析 例题1：( ) “I dont know why he didnt reply to the teachers question. A. receive B. repeat C. answer D. write to解析： C reply to 回复，回

23、答=answer例题2：( ) Our computer is connected to the Internet. A. taken B. joined C. carried D. made解析：B join 加入例题3：( ) James came back from work a moment later. A. after a long time B. a moment ago C. after a short time D. a moment before解析：C after a short time 很短时间之后=a moment later P(Practice-Oriented

24、)专题实战专题精讲 情态动词1.can and can not 情态动词 表示能力=be (un)able to do sth. 疑问句中，把can提到句首，将can 与主语的位置对调用法 许可,请求 可能推测 义务职责意图打算 意愿愿意 意志决心 能力 情态动词can /could . may/might .shall/should .will/would . .must .2. 辨析1）can和could的用法a. 表示能力或客观可能性，还可以表示请求和允许。如： Can you finish this work tonight? Man cannot live without air.

25、Can I go now? Yes, you can. could也可表示请求，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不可用于肯定句，答语应用can（即could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如： Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. （否定答语可用No, Im afraid not.） can表示能力时，还可用be able to代替。如： Ill not be able to come this afternoon. b. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。（主要用在否定句、疑问句或惊叹句中） Can this be true? How can

26、you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. c. “can(could) + have + 过去分词”的疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯定。如：He cannot have been to that town. Can he have got the book? d. 用在疑问句及否定句中,表示惊讶,不相信等.e. cannottooenough表示无论怎样也不过分,越越好 2）may和might的用法a. 表示许可。 表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时(口语中常用) no , you cant ，

27、or , yes, please 用mustnt表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有强烈禁止的意思)如： You may drive the car. Might I use your pen? No, you mustnt. 用May I . 征询对方许可在文体上比较正式，在口气上比较客气。在日常口语中，用Can I . 征询对方意见在现代口语中更为常见。 b. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! c. 表示推测、可能（疑问句不能用于此意）。 He may be very busy now. d. “may (might) + have + 过去分词”表示对

28、过去发生的行为的推测。如： He may not have finished the work. 3) must和have to的用法a. 表示必须、必要。（must表示主观多一些而have to则表示客观多一些）如： You must come in time. 回答must引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustnt，而要用neednt或dont have to。 Must we hand in our exercise books today? Yes, you must. (No, you dont have to.) b. “must be + 表语”的结构表示推测，它的否定或

29、疑问式用can代替must。 This must be your pen. c. have to的含义与must相似，两者往往可以互换使用，但have to有各种形式，随have的变化而定。must与have to有下列几点不同： must表示的是说话人的主观看法，而have to则往往强调客观需要。如： The play is not interesting. I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age. must一般只表现在，have则有更多的时态形式。 二者的否定意义不大相同。如： You mustnt go. You

30、dont have to go. 询问对方的意愿时应用must。如： Must I clean all the room? 注意：have to也可拼做have got to 实战演练 课堂狙击题型1：单项选择( ) 1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isnt very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must( ) 2 They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able toC. can able to D. are able to( ) 3 -Ma

31、y I take this book out?-No, you_.A. cant B. may not C. neednt D. arent( ) 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because youre got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese?-No, I_.A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt D. may not( ) 6. -He_ be in the classroom, I think.-No, he _ be in t

32、he classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago. A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; cant D. may; mustnt( ) 7. -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?-Thanks, but you_, Ive had enough.A. may not B. must not C. cant D. neednt( ) 8 He isnt at school. I think he _ be ill. A. can B. shall C. must D.

33、has to( ) 9 _ I take this one?A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do( ) 10 The children_ play football on the road.A. cant B. can C. mustnt D. mustADABB CDBCC题型2：选出与其它三项发音不同的选项( )1. A.foolishB.gooseC.cookerD.root()2. A.momentB.conversationC.connectD.convenient()3. A.findB.tidyC.switchD.climb()4. A.testB.relaxC

34、.exampleD.packet()5. A.againstB.gasC.imagineD.actBBCBA 题型3：同义替换( ) 1ked her some questions, but she only replied with a smile.A. worked B. Asked C. left D. answered( ) 2. Its time to put away those foolish ideas.A. polite B. silly C. funny D. different ( ) 3. Please turn on the radio. Id like to lis

35、ten to some music.A. switch on B. give back C. discuss about D. forget about( ) 4. Dont play with matches (火柴). It may start a fire.A. make a mistake B. stop a fire C. ask a question D. cause a fire( ) 5. Close the windows please. The air conditioner is on.2-1-c-n-j-y A. The air conditioner is broke

36、n. B. The air conditioner is studying. C. The air conditioner is working.D. The air conditioner is turning.DBADC 课后反击题型1：单项选择( ) 1 You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustnt B. neednt C. dont have to D. dont need to( ) 2 -Must I do my homework at once?-No, you_. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D

37、. may not( ) 3 -Must we do our homework first?-No, you_. You may have a rest first.A. mustnt B. neednt C. may not D. cant( ) 4 -Would you like to go boating with us?-Yes, _.A. Id like B. I want C. Id like to D. I do( ) 5 -_ I take the newspaper away?-No, you mustnt. You _read it only here.A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must( )6. The microwave is empty now. You start it