高考浙江卷英语试题解析(解析版).doc

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1、_绝密启用前选择题部分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.答案是C。1. What does the woman think of the movie? A. I

2、ts amusing. B. Its exciting. C. Its disappointing.2. How will Susan spend most of her time in France? A. Traveling around. B. Studying at a school. C. Looking after her aunt.3. What are the speakers talking about? A. Going out. B. Ordering drinks. C. Preparing for a party.4. Where are the speakers?

3、A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore.5. What is the man going to do? A. Go on the Internet. B. Make a phone call. C. Take a train trip.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6

4、段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What is the woman looking for? A. An information office. B. A police station. C. A shoe repair shop.7. What is the Town Guide according to the man? A. A brochure. B. A newspaper. C. A map.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What does the man say about the restaurant? A. Its the biggest one around. B. I

5、t offers many tasty dishes. C. Its famous for its seafood.9. What will the woman probably order? A. Fried fish. B. Roast chicken. C. Beef steak.听第8段材料，回答第10 至12题。10. Where will Mr. White be at 11 oclock? A. At the office. B. At the airport C. At the restaurant.11. What will Mr. White probably do at

6、one in the afternoon? A. Receive a guest. B. Have a meeting. C. Read a report.12. When will Miss Wilson see Mr. White? A. At lunch time. B. Late in the afternoon. C. The next morning.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why is Bill going to Germany? A. To work on a project. B. To study German. C. To start a new com

7、pany.14. What did the woman dislike about Germany? A. The weather. B. The food. C. The schools.15. What does Bill hope to do about his family? A. Bring them to Germany. B. Leave them in England.C. Visit them in a few months.16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow-travel

8、ers. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When did it rain last time in Jurez? A. Three days ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago.18. What season is it now in Jurez? A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn.19. What are the elderly advised to do? A. Take a walk in the afternoon. B. Keep their hom

9、es cool. C. Drink plenty of water.20. What is the speaker doing? A. Hosting a radio program. B. Conducting a seminar. C. Forecasting the weather.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ABenjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent

10、 for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camels hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush

11、.The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged(蓬乱). His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.The cats lot was about to improve.That year, one of Benjamins cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to vi

12、sit. He was impressed with Benjamins drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings(版画) by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen.In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr.Pennin

13、gton returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamins parents if he might take the boy back to Philadelphia for a visit.In the city, Mr.Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting. William

14、Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor student. But he later said, Those two books were my companions by da

15、y, and under my pillow at night. While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.21.What is the text mainly about?A. Benjamins visit to Philadelphia.B. Williams influence

16、on Benjamin.C. The beginning of Benjamins life as an artist.D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.22.What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?A. The cat would be closely watched.B. The cat would get some medical care.C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.D. Benjamin wo

17、uld have real brushes soon.23.What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.B. He provided him with painting materials.C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.D. He taught him how to make engravings.24.Williams two books helped Benjamin to.A

18、. master the use of paintsB. appreciate landscape paintingsC. get to know other paintersD. make up his mind to be a painter【解析】试题分析：本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。21.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父Benjamin在成为一名画家之前的生活经历，并介绍了Pennington对Benjamin在绘画道路上的一些帮助，故选C。22.D 【解析】句意猜测题。根据第三段These were the f

19、irst pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen可知Benjamin在剪完猫的毛做刷子之后，就很快有了真正的刷子，故选D。【名师点睛】 本文后两个小题考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。如23题中的D项He taught him how to make engravings属于偷梁换柱类干扰项，根据第三段第五句He also sent six engravings by an artist可知这些版画是Pennington送给Benjamin的，并非是Pennington教Benjamin

20、如何画版画，说明D项明显错误。干扰项的设置通常有以下几种方式：1.张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点，或者题干问的是他人的观点，选项中出现的却是作者的观点。2.偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。学科网3.无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与设问毫不相干。4.以偏概全。考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或推理判断题时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的

21、影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。其具体表现为合理关联与不合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。表层理解是对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，往往是文章中直接表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层信息。考点：考查记叙文阅读BGetting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey(调查)by the National Sleep Fo

22、undation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7- to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.How much sleep you need

23、depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest; most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10- to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours. And g

24、uess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities(机会)to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone, says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical Scho

25、ol. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard

26、 for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7:25 am to 8:30 am. Students, parents and

27、teachers are pleased with the results.25.What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?A. American kids sleeping habits.B. Teenagers sleep-related diseases.C. Activities to prevent sleeplessness.D. Learning problems and lack of sleep.26.How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day?A.

28、7 hours.B.8 hours.C.10 hours.D.18 hours.27.Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?A. They are affected by certain body chemicals.B. They tend to do things that excite them.C. They follow their parents examples.D. They dont need to go to school early.【解析】试题分析：本文属于议论文，首先用数据告诉我们美国孩子的睡

29、眠状况堪忧，接着告诉我们孩子在不同年龄段需要的睡眠时间不同，然后分析了孩子晚睡的原因，最后介绍了一些学校为了让孩子们有更多的睡眠时间而推迟了上课的时间。25. A 【解析】细节理解题。文中第一段列举了一些数据，向我们说明美国有51%的10到18岁的孩子上床睡觉的时间偏晚，也调查了60%的7到12岁的孩子在白天感到疲惫，15%的孩子会在学校睡着，所以这些调查都是关于美国孩子的睡眠习惯的，故选A。【名师点睛】 本文属于议论类短文，所考查的三道题均为细节题中的直接理解题。细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案

30、与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。 在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决直接理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后和选项进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等找出正确答案。 以本文26题为例，我们根据题干中How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day(11岁的孩子每天需要多少小时的睡眠时间)直接定位

31、到第二段第四句For most school-age children, ten hours is ideal(理想的)，由此可知上学的孩子的理想睡眠时间是10个小时，故选择C项。考点：考查议论文阅读CFLORENCE, Italy Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt. The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly, but in order to stay shes had to prove her language skills by tak

32、ing a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad.Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民)population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.Some immigr

33、ant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合).Others say its only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation, seeing it as a condition to ensure they

34、can contribute to society.Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants, and some terms are even tougher. The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.Italy, which has a much weaker tradition of immig

35、ration, has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years. In 1990, immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italys then 56.7 million people, or about 2 percent. At the start of this year, foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million, or 7

36、.5 percent, with immigrants children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy.Cojochru, the Moldovan caregiver, hoped obtaining permanent residence (居住权) would help her bring her two children to Italy; they live with her sister in Moldova, where salaries are among the lowest in Eu

37、rope. She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration.Italians always see me as a foreigner, an outsider, even though shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.28.Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?A. To continue

38、to stay in Italy.B. To teach her children Italian.C. To find a better job in Italy.D. To better mix with the Italians.29.Some people worry that the new language requirement may.A. reduce Italys population quicklyB. cause conflicts among peopleC. lead to financial difficultiesD. put pressure on schoo

39、ls30.What do we know about Cojochru?A. She lives with her sister now in Italy.B. She enjoys learning the Italian language.C. She speaks Italian well enough for her job.D. She wishes to go back to her home country.【解析】试题分析：本文属于夹叙夹议文，首先叙述了一个叫Svetlana Cojochru的摩尔多瓦人移民到意大利，但为了能够继续留在意大利，她必须进行语言测试；接着向我们阐述

40、对外来人进行语言测试的原因以及对此的不同声音，然后介绍了意大利的移民史，最后告诉我们Cojochru的居住现状：工资水平很低，而且虽然在意大利生活多年，但意大利本地居民仍会把她当作外国人来看。28. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的but in order to stay shes had to prove her language skills by taking a test可知，Cojochru是为了能够继续留在意大利才要参加语言考试的，故选A。29. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的such measures will become more a vehicle for i

41、ntolerance than integration可知一些人担心对语言水平的要求可能会引起人与人之间的不包容，即冲突，故选B。30. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的even though shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently可知Cojochru的意大利语已经说的得很流利了，故选C。【名师点睛】本文29题属于推理判断题，根据题干Some people worry that the new language requirement may, 抓住关键词worry，可

42、以从文中第三段第一句话Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become a more vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合). 进行推断。根据关键信息intolerance可判断对语言的要求会造成外来居民和本地居民的不融合，即矛盾，从而选出正确答案。推理判断题是历届考生失分较多的题型，因为此类题不仅要求考生理解具体事实细节，也要

43、理解抽象含义。推理判断题的解题方法有：1. 抓住特定的信息进行逆向或正向推理：善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐藏的深层含义。（29小题使用的就是这种方法）2. 结合全文（段）进行推断：做推理题时，需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来进行推理判断，从而确定最佳结论。3. 根据上下文的逻辑关系得出结论：逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，所以要把握作者的写作思路，预测下文可能的内容。文章可按照事件发展的经过描写，也可按照因果关系、对比关系来描

44、写。学科网4. 结合自己已有的知识进行推断：知识推断是根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用自己掌握的基础知识进行推敲，从而得出答案，这需要我们有一定的社会基础知识，以及充分理解细节和有关背景知识。考点：考查夹叙夹议文阅读第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a ca

45、meraman to interview people on the spot. 31 But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to

46、 it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, Why do you think environmental protection is important in America? 32 Hit the streets with confidence. 33 Say, Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this top

47、ic. This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged. 34 Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next person. Make sure that as you go