最新3000字机械英文翻译.doc

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1、精品资料3000字机械英文翻译.hoist Crane Have material to carry the important component is having become human being industry, the history being more than five thousand years away from now already. Degree rise expanding, automating with producing scales, as important material flitting equipment crane application

2、 is more and more broad in modernized procedure of production, the effect is bigger and bigger, the request to the crane is also more and more higher. The crane is experiencing gigantic one transforming.Since commercial run scale ceaselessness expands , the efficacy improves gradually, increase by g

3、radually as well as material loads and unloads the what cost takes up proportion carrying in product procedure of production, urge large-scale or high-speed crane need amounts to increase by unceasingly. And batch of weight is bigger and bigger, the operating rate is more and more high, bring forwar

4、d higher request to energy consumption and reliability. The crane already becomes important link in automatic production technological process. The crane asks the easy to handle, easy upkeep, moreover security to be close friends not only, reliability needs height, demand to have outstanding durabil

5、ity, the sex fault-free, being maintained and to use economy. In the world is at present maximal the crane roaming gets weight amount to 6,500 t, the maximal crawler crane gets weight amount to 3,000 t, the maximal bridge crane gets weight be 1,200 t, the maximum loading and unloading the bridge han

6、dcart near container the bank runs speed already amount to 350 m/min , that the stacking crane maximum runs speed is 240 m/min , speed amounts to 100 m/min starting from when the refuse disposal uses a cranes.Industry mode of production and diversity of consumer need, the marketplace using the speci

7、al use crane expands unceasingly, breed renews also unceasingly, satisfy peculiar need, bring the optimum efficacy into play out with proper function. The metallurgy, examines the electricity , paper making , the refuse disposal special use crane for instance , explosion protection , antisepsis , in

8、sulation crane are in the past more strong comparing with the railroad , boat and ship , container special use crane function escalation , ceaseless rise of function , adaptability. The Germany Damage company has developed out one kind of aircraft keeping the special use crane taking good care of in

9、 repair, has opened up sale in international market. The span is big, batch, the altitude is big, but the fault strides over, the accuracy parking is taller than on this crane being installed in building structure. Installation has many festivals to stretch out and draw back a conduit pipe below lif

10、ting handcart, the platform being maintained with the aircraft is linked together, may do 360 degree of revolution together. Displacement , conduit pipe promotion and demotion and revolution by the cart and the handcart may make the platform being maintained get to any aircraft location , the sum ca

11、rrying out the aircraft upkeep is mend , extremely rapid convenient.Use modularization to design the complete machine design procedures replace tradition, the identical with upper crane function basic component , component and part are made from having various use, have the identical linkup key elem

12、ent to compose in reply a standard module interchangeable, mutuality by being unlike a module constitutes, form the crane being unlike the type and specification. Be in progress to the crane improvement, need specifically for some several modules. The module designing the new model crane, needing se

13、lecting and using diversity carries out combination again. The module changing Cheng having batches suitable produces the crane may make a stick mass-produce for a short time, high efficiency specialization of different parts of production, the enterprise childbirth organize realization also may bec

14、ome module administration from management of product. Reach the improvement complete machine function , reduce cost of manufacture , improve be applied or used universally degree, uses be composed of many breeds , many specification series of products of less specification numbers component and part

15、, to satisfy the consumer need sufficiently.At present, Germany , United Kingdom , France , USA and Japanese famous crane company have adopt crane modularization design all already , have got and notable beneficial result. The standard of Germany Damage company crane series switches over to use modu

16、larization to design the day after tomorrow is 12% lower compared with the design cost that the stick designs, cost of production comes down 45%, the economic effect is very considerable. One kind of KBK flexibility combination style the Germany Damage company has been developed flies a crane , the

17、crane steel structure is composed of cold rolling type track , the crane runs a circuit but strides over , is changed into gauge along producing a process flow having arbitrarily, arranged a fork to make turn , but had. All components all may realize mass production, the route need and concrete mate

18、rial still different according to the consumer are carried becomes various component combination collocation namely within short time. . This crane compositionality is very good, operation can fully utilize conveniently, space, working cost are low. Have hand movement , the voluntarily various form

19、, can be composed of suspension system , Shan flying the crane , pair of beams fly the crane , cantilever crane , light portal crane and hand movement stacking crane , can be composed of large-scale automation material carrying system even.The batches cranes are that usage, the job are not very stre

20、nuous in the occasion being applied or used universally. This kind of crane batches big , are widely used, think that the heddle agrees well with beneficial result considerably , require that the crane reduces external form to the full facilitating structure highly, diminish the self-respect and whe

21、el-pressure , also, may make the entire building come down highly , build structure light , reduce cost of construction. The therefore electric bottle gourd bridge crane and the dyadic beam lifting chance have quicker development, small tonnage in major part being replaced together sort use bridge c

22、rane. The Germany Damage company several tens years of exploitation and FOAK passes, series having already formed a light dyadic combination standard crane. Get weight for the rank working 1-63 tons, is A1-A7, pair of beams wait for the entire series to be breed composition more by I-shaped and box

23、type Shan , suspension box shape Shan , angle-type handcart box shape Shan and box shape. The main beam and the end beam connect with as well as lifting handcart arrangement has the various pattern, may be suitable to the request being unlike a building and being unlike sling height. According to co

24、nsumer need, every kind of specification crane has three kinds Shan speed and provides the speed regulation choosing arbitrarily, being able to select and use frequency conversion three kinds of pair quickly. Control way having floor door proper motion displacement, door to follow handcart displacem

25、ent, door fixed, wireless remote control, drivers cage fixation , drivers cage to follow seven kinds such as handcart displacement , drivers cage proper motion displacement to choose. The cart and the handcart current supply have the cable handcart to conduct electricity, DVS system grows way. Choos

26、ing an item much like this, may arrange hundreds and thousands of kind of crane in groups, satisfy different need of consumer sufficiently by different combination. This crane another maximal merit is light, the self-respect is light, wheel-pressure is light, external form the dimension is highly sm

27、all , may reduce workshop building construction cost greatly , may diminish the crane operation power and run cost at the same time also. Start to compare, weight with the general goods being 10 t , spans 22.5 ms, the pair of dyadic beam bridge cranes self-respect being applied or used universally i

28、s 24 t, above crane track face highly 1876 mms , crane width 5980 mms; Damage crane self-respect has only had 8.7 t , weight has made light of 176%, the crane has reduced 104% highly above track face for 920 mms, crane has been 2980 mms in width, external form the dimension decreases by 100%.Crane r

29、enewal and development, depend on electric drive and the improvement controlling to a great extent. The machinery technology and the electron technology is looked at and appraised being tied in wedlock, drive and applying advanced computer art , microelectronics technology , electric power electron

30、technology , optical cable technology , hydraulic pressure technology , blurred control technique to machinery, realize the crane automation and intellectualized. The new large-scale high-effect crane generation electric control device already develops for entire electron digitization. Be composed o

31、f entire digitization equipment such as controlling a driving device, may weave the program controller , malfunction diagnose and data management system , digitize controlling given detecting mainly. Data communication , the malfunction control varying voltage frequency conversion speed regulation ,

32、 radio frequency from examining supervisory control , slings for lifting loads guarding against mixing up swaying , laser seeks the centre of gravity craning a thing , near field induction guards against the collision technology , the scene highway , carrier wave communication and controlling , ther

33、e being no the contact current supply and three-dimensional bar code technology and so on will be applied broadly. Make a crane have higher flexibility, level producing a pattern , improving the automation of single with the flexibility being suitable to much little batch batches. Priority develops

34、the high-performance centering on microprocessor electric drive device , make a crane have good speed regulation county moving characteristic property , may carry out auto control , automation display and precis writer handling, working crane automation protection and automation detecting, remote pe

35、culiar occasion remote control waits, to adapt to the automatic production need.Adopt laser aid to seek the centre-of-gravity position craning a things for instance, the device jacket has an ultrasonic sensor to lead to fetch the thing device grabbing a goods voluntarily in fetching a thing. The aut

36、omation guards against slings for lifting loads swaying system can 200 mmin , acceleration make the thing craning sway amplitude cutting till several millimeters very quickly in running speed under condition. The crane may fix position by the fact that the magnetic field converter or laser reaches h

37、igh-accuracy. Assemble near field induced system on the crane, mutuality between may avoid a crane crashes. Have assembled certainly diagnose PC supervisory control system on the crane , have been systems turn to be able to provide most routine defending examination content, if gear case paints the

38、temperature , oil level , the carriage wheel axle bearing temperature, and crane loading , strain shaking condition, arrester friction lining life-span and temperature situation etc.Machinery is composed of a material on basis automating in crane single, by the fact that the computer transports vari

39、ous lifting carrying integrated system, controlling by the central control room, production facility is organically combined and , the childbirth system harmonizes and composition. This kind of crane automation degree high , has the information processing function, the various information may a sens

40、or be checked coming out puts memory , arithmetic, logic treatment treating such as judging , varying into practice , issue a control command then to actuating mechanism. This kind of crane has the fairly good information entering, output interface, realizes all, accurate , reliable transmission in

41、carrying integrated system in entire material of information. The crane passes system integration, can form the best match and combination that be unlike machine grows, adopt strong points while overcoming ones weak points , bring the best efficacy into play. Priority develops at present have a fact

42、ory to give birth to a child carrying automatic system, flexibility processes fabrication system , the commerce goods distribution collects and distributes system , the container loads and unloads doing the automation sorting wrapping up a goods and carrying system and so on carrying system , traffi

43、c and post and telecommunications branch.System the automation producing the engineering machinery USA Carter Pile company metal structures plant for instance having bought a material giving first place to the bridge crane is carried, gushing being used for steel plate handles, cutting and the autom

44、ation being put in storage load and unload the availability carrying school assignment, adopt single operation than former to have improved 65%. The Japan small river Kawasaki factory uses the material that the full-automatic bridge crane is composed of to transport the working procedure or storehou

45、se coming to carry flexibility processing upper line clamp and work piece system , being that the machine tool conveys a blank or the good with treating part delivers to time as soon as. That the system these crane moving in space is carried has replace the automatic guide be put into use generally

46、in the past to carry vehicle, makes workshops floor area be fully utilized. Structure aspect adopt thin-wall the section bar and steel, cut down the architectural montage brazing seam, rise resist weary function. Adopt various high strength low-alloy steel new materials, improve load support capabil

47、ity, improve accepting force condition, the external form lightening a self-respect and increasing by is beautiful. The bridge crane span structure pattern adopt box shape four beams structure mostly, the main beam and the end beam adopt high-strength bolt link up, is easy to transport and assemble.

48、起重机 有物料搬运成了人类生产活动的重要组成部分，距今已有五千多年的发展历史。随着生产规模的扩大，自动化程度的提高，作为物料搬运重要设备的起重机在现代化生产过程中应用越来越广，作用愈来愈大，对起重机的要求也越来越高。起重机正经历着一场巨大的变 革。 由于工业生产规模的不断扩大，生产效率日益提高，以及产品生产过程中物料装卸搬运费用所占比例逐渐增加，促使大型或高速起重机的需求量不断增长。起重量越来越大，工作速度越来越高，并对能耗和可靠性提出更高的要求。起重机已成为自动化生产流程中的重要环节。起重机不但要容易操作，容易维护，而且安全性要好，可靠性要高，要求具有优异的耐久性、无故障性、维修性和使用经济

49、性。目前世界上最大的浮游起重机起重量达6，500t，最大的履带起重机起重量达3，000t，最大的桥式起重机起重量为1，200t，集装箱岸边装卸桥小车的最大运行速度已达350m/min，堆垛起重机最大运行速度是240m/min，垃圾处理用起重机的起升速度达100m/min 。 工业生产方式和用户需求的多样性，使专用起重机的市场不断扩大，品种也不断更新，以特有的功能满足特殊的需要，发挥出最佳的效用。例如冶金、核电、造纸、垃圾处理的专用起重机，防爆、防腐、绝缘起重机和铁路、船舶、集装箱专用起重机的功能不断增加，性能不断提高，适应性比以往更强。德国德马格公司研制出一种飞机维修保养的专用起重机，在国际市场打开了销路。这种起重机安装在房屋结构上，跨度大、起升高度大、可过跨、停车精度高。在起重小车下面安装有多节伸缩导管，与飞机维修平台相连，并可作360度旋转。通过大车和小车的位移、导管的升降与旋转可使维修平台到达飞机的任一部位，进行飞机的维护和修理，极为快捷方便。 用模块化设计代替传统的整机设计方法，将起重机上功能基本相同的构件、部件和零件制成有多种用途，有相同联接要素和可互换的标准模块，通过不同模块的相互组