论《傲慢与偏见》中伊丽莎白的性格特征.doc

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1、_毕业论文题目：论傲慢与偏见中伊丽莎白的性格特征构建和谐社会Title: Elizabeths Characteristics in Pride and PrejudiceBuilding the Harmonious society学 生 姓 名： 马芬 学号：060573031201学 部 （系）： 外语学部应用英语系 专 业 年 级： 06级英语专科 指 导 老 师： 程颖 职称或学位：助教 2009年5月20 日AcknowledgementsFirst of all, I am very appreciated to my affectionate parents, and the

2、rest of my family.During the development of this paper, they always give me continuous support, encouragement and understanding that are important for me, and that encourage me to pursue progress all the time.I will also thank to all my teachers who gave me lectures during the past three academic ye

3、ars. I have learnt so much not only from their courses and lectures but also from their constant encouragement and support.Finally, I appreciate and respectto my supervisor, Cheng Ying, becauseshegives meconstant encouragement, critical instructions, her great care and precious advice and suggestion

4、s that this paper appears in the present form. Thanks a million.iAbstractThe paper mainly reports that Pride and Prejudice reflects the upper class exploiting the lower class through the analysis that Elizabeth shows her prejudice on Mr. Darcy.The paper firstly gives some examples to introduce Eliza

5、beths characteristics. In general, she is intelligent, polite, kind, brave and unyielding. And then it stands out her prejudice and discusses how her prejudice gets the peak. Later, the paper gives two reasons why Elizabeth has prejudice against Mr. Darcy. One is the background of her family. The ot

6、her is what background of the society she lives. Next, the paper tells the purpose of the book written by the author. The purpose is that the upper class exploits the lower class. The last, the main solution of the paper, is that setting up the Harmonious Society resolves conflicts among classes, de

7、creases the gap of the rich and the poor, and protects workers rights. So the government needs to establish and perfect the Social Security System and Democracy and Legal System Operating Mechanism.Key words: prejudice；background；solutionii摘要通过对伊丽莎白偏见这一性格特征的分析，傲慢与偏见反映了上流社会对下层社会的剥削，这是本篇论文主要论述的观点。这篇文章

8、首先通过实例来分析伊丽莎白的性格，总的来说伊丽莎白是一个聪明，懂礼貌，热心，勇敢，不畏强权的女孩。接着重点描述她的性格中的缺陷偏见。并讨论他这一偏见如何形成并到达顶峰的。而后介绍了伊丽莎白为何对达西先生存有偏见的原因，主要有两点。一是家庭背景，二是她所处的社会背景。然后介绍了作者的写作目的，揭露上流社会对下层社会的剥削。最后是本文的主要解决方法。通过构建和谐社会来解决个阶层之间的矛盾，缩小贫富差距，保护工人权利。所以政府要建立和完善社会保障制度和民主法制运行机制。关键词：偏见;背景;解决方法iiiContentsIntroduction.1I. Elizabeths characteristi

9、cs .31.1 Elizabeths good merits31.2 Shortcomings, especially Elizabeths prejudice. 5II. Reasons for her characteristics.6 2.1 The background of her family.6 2.2 The background of the society.7 2.3 The purpose written by the author9III. Solutionsthe Harmonious Society.11 3.1 Building a sound social s

10、ecurity system.11 3.2 Setting up Democracy and Legal System Operating Mechanism.12Conclusion.13Bibliography14ivIntroductionPride and prejudice has been very popular with people since it was published. And many people are attracted by Elizabeths characteristics. As we know, Elizabeth is beautiful, wi

11、se, polite, kind, brave and unyielding. This paper mainly describes that the upper class deprive of the lower class. First, it introduces the chrematistics, concluded merits and shortcoming. And, this paper mainly stands out her prejudice among these characteristics. When Mr. Darcy hurt her esteem,

12、she had prejudice against him. Later her prejudice became deeper, so when Wickham spoke badly of Mr. Darcy, Elizabeth believed Wickham with no doubt. Even she refused Mr. Darcys proposal. At this time, her prejudice reached the peak. Second, it describes what decides her prejudice against Mr. Darcy.

13、 It is not just only Darcys pride but also her background. The first reason is the background of her family. Elizabeth was born in a middle class family. Her father was a gentleman. And she completed secondary education. But her family was lower than the upper class. Even worse her relatives and fri

14、ends were rude. These can lay the foundation of her prejudice. Then, the second reason is the background of the society. Pride and Prejudice reflects the life of the county in England between the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century. At that time, the county in England was C

15、onservative and implosive. At that time, money is more important than mankind. What is more, relationship among people is money. Money is the master of the world. In addition, with the development of industry revolution, the upper class deprived the lower class of surplus value as soon as possible,

16、so the lower class lived more poorly than before. What is more, French Revolution has an effluence on England. After the Napoleonic War, the English people suffered severe economic depressions. If the lower class wanted to get rid of the poor or live better, they had to bow and scrap the upper class

17、 by hook or by crook. Therefore at that time, the marriage was based on 1money. And the author wrote this book in order to reflect the reality in the 19th century of Britain. You can see that the upper class lived luxuriously. They always held a grand party. But the lower class lived poorly. This wa

18、s unfair, because the upper class deprived the lower class. Now, in the world, there are no class fighting. But there are still class conflicts, and the gap of the wealth and poor become more and large. What is more, there are many unfair affairs, such as a boss delay workers money, or does not give

19、 their salaries, so I think that governments should make sure of workers rights. And some times they need to take measures to deal with these cases. Setting up the Harmonious Society can resolve these ca2I. Elizabeths characteristics1.1 Elizabeths good meritsThe moment referring to English female wr

20、iter Jane Austin, most people are reminded of her famous book！Pride and Prejudice. Why is the book famous? There are some reasons. But now, this paper just talks about oneElizabeths characteristics. Most people are attracted by her characteristics.At the beginning of this book and from her parents d

21、ialogues, her father appreciated her. “They have none of them much to recommend them.” 1replied he, “They are all silly and ignorant like other girls；but Lizzy has something more of quickness than her sisters.” 1These words tell us that Elizabeth is intelligent. And we also can learn from other plac

22、es, for instance, “Miss Eliza Bennet,” said Miss Bingley, “despise cards, she is a great reader and has no pleasure in anything else.” 1“I deserve neither such praise nor such censure,” cried Elizabeth, “I am not a great reader, and I have pleasure in many things.” 1Regarding Miss Bingleys sneering,

23、 Elizabeth replied wisely and politely.Not only that, she also has some other good characteristics, such as she is very kind. When her old sister Jane was ill, she showed her love to Jane. Though the road was wet and muddy, and the carriage was not to be had, she did not care about them. She just wa

24、nted to see Jane, and she decided to walk there. Besides, even though she did not like her youngest sister Lydia, she also cared bout her. When Lydia left home, Elizabeth was afraid that she would make silly things and would lose her face in public. Therefore she talked to her father in privacy. Lat

25、er, Lydia eloped with Wickham, Elizabeth worried her very much, so she came back home at once.What is more, she has never flattered the upper class, from her refusing Lady Catherines request to leave Mr. Darcy. Now trace back to see what a person Lady Catherine is.3“When ladies returned to the drawi

26、ng room, there was little to be done but to hear Lady Catherine talk, which she did without any opinion on every subject in so decisive a manner as proved that she was not used to have her judgment controverter. She enquired into Charlottes domestic concerns familiarly and minutely, and gave her a g

27、reat deal of advices as to the management of them all; told her how every thing ought to the care of her cows and poultry. Elizabeth found that nothing was beneath this great ladys attention, which could furnish her with an occasion of dictation to others.” 1Though Lady Catherine was not in the comm

28、ission of the peace for the county, she was a most active magistrate in her own parish, the minutest concerns of which were carried to her by Mr. Collins; and whenever any of the cottagers were disposed to be quarrelsome, discontented or too poor, she sailed forth into the village to settle their di

29、fferences, silence their complaints, and scold them into harmony and plenty. Lady Catherine was not easy to deal with. But Elizabeth was not afraid of her. She answered her as flow. And she said to her “I do not pretend to possess equal frankness with your ladyship. You may ask questions which I sha

30、ll not choose to answer.” And we also can lean from here.“But you are not entitled to know mine; nor will such behavior as this, ever induce me to be explicit.” 1To face Lady Catherine who had a lot of money and authority, many people had to abbey to her and flattered to her. No one could go against

31、 her except Elizabeth. She dared to say what she wanted to say, no matter who she was. There is another example. “Yes, and I had heard it before. But what is that to me? If there is no other objection to my marrying your nephew, I shall certainly not be accepted from it by knowing that his mother an

32、d aunt wished him to marry Miss De Bourgh. You both did as much as you could in planning the marriage. Its completion depended on others. If Mr. Darcy is neither by honor nor inclination confined to his cousin, why is not he to make another choice? And if I am that choice, why may not I accept him?”

33、 14From those dialogues, Elizabeth is brave, wise and unyielding; she can go against Lady Catherine.In general, Elizabeth is intelligent, polite, kind, brave and unyielding.1.2 Shortcomings, especially Elizabeths prejudice Elizabeth is wise and intelligent, so she will not be affected to appreciate

34、someone by her feelings. However, she had prejudice against Mr. Darcy. From this book, Elizabeth firstly met Mr. Darcy at a ball. At that time, Elizabeth seated alone, and she did not dance with anybody, so did Mr., Darcy. Mr. Bingley suggested Mr. Darcy to dance with her, but he refused, even said

35、that “She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to temp me; and I am in no humor at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other man. You had better return to your partner and enjoy her smiles for you are waiting your time with me.” 1 These words hurt Elizabeths self esteem,

36、 so she had prejudice against Mr. Darcy.Even when her mother said to Elizabeth if she were Elizabeth and had another time, she would not dance with him. Elizabeth replied:“I believe Maam; I may safely promise you never to be dance with him.” 1Her words reflect her prejudice, even though she is alive

37、, and liking talking jokes. So latter, when Mr. Darcy invited her to dance with him, she refused him at once.In our life, if a person has a good feeling to the one, but he does not know her so much, he will observe her from her words and action, and will see what person she talks to. Mr. Darcy took

38、this method to know her. But Elizabeth thought his purpose was that he wanted to find some weakness to mock at her and to damage her image in public. In common sense, Mr. Darcy liked her, but she did not think so. From this we can see that her prejudice is deep.5e6If a person is given a bad impressi

39、on on someone, the person always thinks that the one is bad in all directions. Sometimes, the person adds some other characteristics to ones own characteristics, so does Elizabeth. During Elizabeth looking after her sister Jane, they had many disputes, for example, the standard of ladies accomplishe

40、d and humans character. Every time, Elizabeth was targeted at Mr. Darcy in order to go against him. From those, her prejudice is hard.And then, Wickham appeared her life, she fell love with him. In addition, she had prejudice against Mr. Darcy. Therefore, she believed what he said. When Wickham said

41、 bad words against Mr. Darcy, she never doubted him, even though his word has many leaks and cracks. 2 We can learn from “I can much more easily believe Mr. Bingleys being imposed on, than that Mr. Wickham should invent such a history of himself as he gave me last night; names, facts, every thing me

42、ntioned without ceremonyif it be not so, let Mr. Darcy contradict it. Besides, there was truth in his look.” 1Even Mr. Wickham leaves her for money and his wish of independence. Elizabeth still thought that it cost him a few struggles to relinquish her, so she forgave him and wished him happy.Last,

43、she knew that Mr. Darcy damaged her sister happiness from Colonel Fitzwilliam, so she hated him and refused his proposal. What is more, she said bad words to insult him, for example, “I had not know you a month before I felt that you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be prevailed on t

44、o marry.” 1At this time, her prejudice reach the peak.II. Reasons for her characteristics 2.1 The background of her familyWhy does Elizabeth have prejudice against Mr. Darcy? It is not just because Mr. Darcy hurt her self esteem. 2 There are some reasons. The first reason is the background of her fa

45、mily. Her father is a gentleman, but her mother has never educated. She is born in the 6middle class, and received the middle education. But compared with noble, the position of her family is lower. What is more, her relatives and friends are impolite, and they always lose face in public. Elizabeth

46、always feels shameful about their action, for example.“In vain did Elizabeth endeavor to check the rapidity of her mothers words, or persuade her to describe her felicity in a less audible whisper; for to her inexpressible vexation, she could perceive that the chief of it was overheard by Mr. Darcy,

47、 who sat opposite to them. Her mother only scolded her for being nonsensical.” 1 And her sister Mary was affected by her mother and Lydia, liking exhibiting, for example:“When supper was over, singing was talked of, and she had the mortification of seeing Mary, after very little entreaty, preparing

48、to oblige the company, By many significant looks and silent entreaties, did she endeavor to prevent such a proof of complain some, but in vain; Mary would not understand them; such an opportunity of exhibiting was delightful to her, and she began her song. Elizabeths eyes were fixed on her with most painful sensations; and she wasted her progress though the