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1、如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流初中英语名词单复数教案【精品文档】第 5 页名词单复数教案名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词可数名词:可以用来计数的名词,有单数和复数形式,如:desk-desks, apple-apples等不可数名词:不可以直接用来计数的名词,没有复数形式,只有单数形式,如:some bread, a little milk等一、可数名词1. 可数名词复数的规则变化1)一般名词变复数在其后面加s,如mapmaps (地图)2)以s,x,sh,ch等结尾的词加es,如busbuses(公共汽车), watchwatches(手表),boxboxes,dishdishes(
2、盘子)3)A.以辅音字母y结尾的词,变y为i,再加es,如babybabies(婴儿)B.以元音字母y结尾的词,直接加s,如monkeymonkeys(猴), holidayholidays(假期), storeystoreys(楼层); 注意:以y结尾的专有名词变复数时,直接加s,如:two Marys, the Henrys4)以o 结尾的名词变复数时: A. 表示无生命的加s, 如photophotos(照片),pianopianos(钢琴), radioradios(收音机), zoozoos(动物园)B. 表示有生命的加es,如heroheroes(英雄),potatopotatoe
3、s(土豆), tomatotomatoes(西红柿) 巧记:英雄爱吃土豆炖西红柿。特殊:zerozeros / zeroes。5)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时: A. 变f,fe 为v,再加es,如 halfhalves(一半), knifeknives(刀子) ,wifewives(妻子) ,lifelives (生命) 巧记:小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用刀子(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)劈成两半(half)。B. 加s的名词有: beliefbeliefs(信念), roofroofs (屋顶)特殊:如handkerchiefhandkerchiefs / ha
4、ndkerchieves。Practice:1. They come from different _A. country B. countries C. a country D. countrys2. How many _ do you see in the picture? A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomato D. the tomato3. There are some _ in these _. A.knifespencil-boxes B.knivespencils-box C.knivespencil-box D.knivespencils-boxes4
5、. _ are good for our health.A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato5. I like to eat cake with _.A. cherries B. cherry C.cherrys6. _ and _ are not friends.A. Foxswolfs B. Foxeswolfs C. Foxeswolves2.可数名词复数的不规则变化1)child-children foot-feet tooth-teethmouse-mice man-men woman-women goose-geese(鹅)注意:1)由一个词加 man
6、或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen,因为German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;由man 或 woman构成的复合名词变复数时,两个名词需要同时变为复数形式,如 woman teacher-wowen teachers, man doctor-men doctors2)单复同形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,jin,yuan,mu等。除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑等都有复数形式。如:two dollars, two pounds。3)表示“某国人”
7、的复数变化规则巧记:中日瑞士都不变,英法变,其他后面加s.ChineseChinese, JapaneseJapanese,SwissSwiss;EnglishmanEnglishmen,FrenchmanFrenchmen;GermanGermans,CanadianCanadians4)“数词+名词”作定语时,这个名词保留单数形式, 要用连字符连接,例如:two-dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.一个五年计划Practice:1. They are_. A . woman t
8、eachers B. women teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher2. Would you like _ ,please? A. two glass of water B. two glasses of water C. two glass of waters D. two glasses of waters3. Most of _ live in _. A. Germans, German B. German, Germen C. Germen, Germany D. Germans, Germany4. These are the _ o
9、f our national _.A. photos heroes B. photoes heroes C. photos heros 5. The _ are running on the _.A. deer grasses B. deers grass C. deer grass6. I was so hungry and I ate two _. A. bowls of noodle B. bowls of noodles C. bowl of noodles 要注意的问题:1)以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如:a. maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,
10、为单数。b. news 为不可数名词。c. the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数。2)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:people,police,cattle 等本身就是复数,后面谓语动词用复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle3)只有复数形式的名词 trousers裤子,pants裤子,shorts短裤 glasses眼镜,compasses圆规,scales天平,pliers钳子,clips剪子。traffic ligh
11、ts交通灯(一般有三盏,这样理解)sports(运动),做主语时,谓语动词用复数4)the+ 姓氏复数表示一家人,如: The Greens like playing tennis.5)另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼。6)名词所有格 1)一般情况下,单数名词的所有格是在词尾直接加s,如the boys bag 男孩的书包;复数名词词尾没有s,也要加s,如mens room 男厕所;若名词已有复数词尾-s ,只加 ,如:the workers desks工人的桌子。2)表示两人或多人共同拥有某物时,只需在最后一个名词词
12、尾加s;表示两人或多人分别拥有时,各个名词词尾都需加sJohns and Marys rooms(两间)John and Marys room(一间)3) 表示时间,距离,国家,团体等无生命的东西的名词,也可+s ,如,nine hours walk yesterdays work4) 有些名词所有格表示诊所,家,店铺如,at the doctors at Marys at the barbers5) 无生命的名词所有格一般用of构成如,a map of China the name of the cityPractice:1. _ like _ by air. A. Greens, trav
13、elling B. The Green, traveling C. The Greens, travel D. The Greens, traveling2. I wonder why _ are interested in action films(武打片). A. the people B. people C. peoples D. the peoples3. There is no _ in the plate.A. apples B. oranges C. rice D. eggs二、不可数名词1)常见的不可数名词:advice, hair, homework, work,inform
14、ation, knowledge, money, news, progress,health,time,baggage(行李), change(零钱), furniture(家具)2)不可数名词如何表示数量:通常用数词+单位词+of来表示。如: a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。a piece of bread(paper(纸), cloth(布), news(新闻), advice(意见), information(信息), , meat(肉) )a cake of soap 一块肥皂 a tube of tooth paste 一条牙膏 a
15、bottle of ink 一瓶墨水 当单位词可数,且前面的数词大于一时,单位词需要用复数形式,如two bottles of water 两瓶水 two pieces of paper 两张纸 3)有些物质名词单复数形式表示不同含义, 如,fruit 水果- fruits各种各样的水果,glass 玻璃- glasses眼镜,玻璃杯,paper 纸-papers 报纸;论文;试卷(a daily paper 日报),coffee 咖啡 -four coffees四杯咖啡可数名词和不可数名词的主谓一致问题:1)可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如:These pictures are very beautiful. 这些画很美。2)不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式,但是不可数名词前有复数单位词时,谓语动词要用复数形式。如:Two cups of tea are on the table. 桌上有两杯茶。真题重现:
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