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1、如有侵权,请联系网站删除,仅供学习与交流动词过去式及过去分词变化规则【精品文档】第 3 页 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则 动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 .规则变化: 1.一般情况直接加ed,如askasked,workworked 2.以不发音的e结尾,只加d,如loveloved,dancedanced 3.以辅音字母加y结尾,把y变为i,再加ed,如trytried,studystudied 4.以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结 尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stopstopped,permi
2、tpermitted注:A.以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如controlcontrolled;尾音节不重读时, 双不双写都可以,如traveltraveled(美)/travelled(英)。 B.特例:picnicpicnickedpicnicked(去野餐),traffictraffickedtrafficked (交易,在通行) 另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后) C.读音与说明: .-ed在清辅音音素后发音为t:helped,liked,finished,fetched,stopped,clapped .-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为d:
3、believed,changed,planned,preferred,followed,stayed .-ed在t、d后发音为id:wanted,needed,admitted,permitted II. 不规则动词表:(1) AAA型(动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形) cost(花费) cost cost shut shut shut cut(割) cut cut spit spit/spat spit/ spat(英) hit(打) hit hit hurt 伤害) hurt hurt let(让) let let put(放) put put read (读) read read (2)
4、 AAB型(动词原形与过去式同形) beat(跳动) beat beaten(3) ABA型(动词原形与过去分词同形) become(变成) became become awake awoke awoken come(来) came come run(跑) ran run(4) ABB型(过去式与过去分词同形)dig(挖) dug dug build built builtget(得到) got got/gotten catch caught caught hang(吊死) hanged hanged deal dealt dealt hang(悬挂) hung hung feed fed f
5、ed hold(抓住) held held find found found shine(照耀) shone shone forbid forbade/forbad forbidden sit(坐) sat sat pay paid paid win (赢) won won send sent sent meet(遇见) met met shoot shot shot keep (保持) kept kept tell told toldsleep(睡) slept slept win won wonsweep(扫) swept swept feel(感觉) felt feltsmell(闻)
6、smelt/smelled smelt/ smelled leave(离开) left left build(建设) built builtlend(借出) lent lent send (传送) sent sentspend(花费) spent spent lose (丢失) lost lostburn (燃烧) burnt burnt learn(学习) learnt learnt mean(意思是) meant meant catch(抓住) caught caught teach(教) taught taught bring(带来) brought brought fight (战斗)
7、 fought fought buy(买) bought boughtthink(想) thought thought hear (听见) heard heardsell(卖) sold sold tell(告诉) told toldsay(说) said said find(找到) found found have/has(有) had had make(制造) made madestand(站) stood stood understand明白understood understood(5) ABC型(动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形) begin(开始) began begun ta
8、ke(取) took taken drink(喝) drank drunk mistake(弄错) mistook mistaken ring(铃响) rang rung ride(骑) rode ridden sing (唱) sang sung do(做) did done swim(游泳) swam swum write(写) wrote written blow(吹) blew blown go(去)went gone draw (画) drew drawn lie(平躺) lay lain fly(飞) flew flown see(看见) saw seen grow(生长) gre
9、w grown wear (穿) wore worn know(知道) knew known be ( am, is, are )(是)was, were been throw(投掷) threw thrown show(出示) showed shownbreak(打破) broke broken choose(选择) chose chosenforget(忘记) forgot forgotten (forgot) bear bore borne/bornspeak(说,讲) spoke spoken draw drew drawnwake(醒) woke woken dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreameddrive(驾驶) drove driven hide hid hiddeneat(吃) ate eaten lay laid laid 放置fall(落下) fell fallen lie lied lied 撒谎give(给) gave given lie lay lain 躺rise(升高) rose risen see saw seen shake shook shaken steal stole stolen can-could may-might will-would shall-shouldmust-must
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