英语B级考试阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析.doc

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1、如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流英语B级考试阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析【精品文档】第 39 页2011年上半年就要开考了，阅读理解在考试中占了很大的比重，为了帮助大家拿到阅读的高分，下面给大家整理了阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析，供大家参考。When one looks back upon the fifteen hundred years that are the life span of the English language, he should be able to notice a number of significant truths. The history of o

2、ur been a history of constant changeat times a slow, almost imperceptible change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. Our been a living growing organism, it has never been static. Another significant truth that emerges from such a study is that language at all times has been th

3、e possession not of one class or group but of many. At one extreme it has been the property of the common, ignorant folk, who have used it in the daily business of their living, much as they have used their animals or the kitchen pots and pans. At the other extreme it has been the treasure of those

4、who have respected it as an instrument and a sign of civilization, and who have struggled by writing it down to give it some permanence, order, dignity, and if possible, a little beauty.As we consider our changing language, we should note here two developments that are of special and immediate impor

5、tance to us. One is that since the time of the Anglo-Saxons there has been an almost complete reversal of the different relationship of words in a sentence. Anglo-Saxon (old English) was a language of many inflections. Modern English has few inflections. We must now depend largely on word order and

6、function words to convey the meanings that the older language did by means of changes in the forms of words. Function words, you should understand, are words such as prepositions, conjunctions, and a few others that are used primarily to show relationships among other words. A few inflections, howev

7、er, have survived. And when some word inflections come into conflict with word order, there may be trouble for the users of the language, as we shall see later when we turn our attention to such maters as WHO or WHOM and ME or I. The second fact we must consider is that as language itself changes, o

8、ur attitudes toward language forms change also. The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tendency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of t

9、he ways in which people speak and write. 1.In contrast to the earlier linguists, modern linguists tend to .A. attempt to continue the standardization of the languageB. evaluate language practices in terms of current speech rather than standards or proper patternsC. be more concerned about language t

10、han its analysis or historyD. be more aware of the rules of the language usage2.Choose the appropriate meaning for the word “inflection” used in line 4 of paragraph 2.A. Changes in the forms of words.B. Changes in sentence structures.C. Changes in spelling rules.D. Words that have similar meanings.3

11、.Which of the following statements is not mentioned in the passage?A. It is generally believed that the year 1500 can be set as the beginning of the modern English language.B. Some other languages had great influence on the English language at some stages of its development.C. The English language h

12、as been and still in a state of relatively constant change.D. Many classes or groups have contributed to the development of the English language.4. The author of these paragraphs is probably a(an) .A. historianB. philosopherC. anthropologistD. linguist5.Which of the following can be best used as the

13、 title of the passage?A. The history of the English language.B. Our changing attitude towards the English language.C. Our changing language.D. Some characteristics of modern English.Vocabulary1.span n. 跨度，范围，一段时间，期间2.imperceptible adj. 感觉不到的，觉察不到的，极细微的3.organism n. 生物体，有机体4.possession n. 拥有，占有，领土，领地

14、5.ignorant adj. 无知的6.folk n. 人们，民族7.permanence n. 永久，持久8.Anglo-Saxons n. 盎格鲁撒克逊语，盎格鲁撒克逊人，地道的英国人9.reversal n. 颠倒，反向，逆转10.inflection n. 词尾变化11.preposition n. 前置词，介词12.conjunction n. 联合，关联，连接词13.in terms of 根据，按照，用的话，在方面长难句解析【解析】“who”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰“the common, ignorant folk”。“much as”引导状语从句。“kitchen pot

15、s and pans”意为“锅碗瓢盆”。【译文】一方面它是那些普通人甚至无知民众的财产，他们每天都像使唤他们的牲畜和锅碗瓢盆一样用着语言。【解析】 此句为一个复合倒装句。“until”引导一个并列句，前一句的主语是“a tendency”，“to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew”作“tendency”的定语，第二句的主语也是“a tendency”，“to”后面的句子作“tendency”的定语，“in which”引导的定语从句修饰“ways”。【译文】例如在18世纪一种产生于各种在一个不常使用和不利于语言发

16、展的模式中，而到了当今，主流是要反复研究、评价人们说话、写作中的语言实践。答案与详解【短文大意】本文主要讲述英语演变过程的一些特点，指出了古英语与现代英语的不同，以及语言学家对待语言形式的态度的变化。1.B细节题。根据题干回原文中定位，阅读文章时注意首末段及各段开头的句子，这往往都是考点所在。这篇文章讲的主要是英语语言演变的一些特 点，指出了古英语与现代英语的不同，以及语言学家态度的转变。本题问的正是现代语言学家与早期语言学家不同的倾向。根据文章末尾The eighteenth century, for example, produced from various sources a tend

17、ency to fix the language into patterns not always set in and grew, until at the present time there is a strong tendency to restudy and re-evaluate language practices in terms of the ways in which people speak and write. 现代们说和写的方式评价语言实践，而不是像早期的语言学家根据一定的模式评价语言。选项B符合文章的意思。2.A词汇题。要根据上下文的信息判断单词的意思。文章在第二段

18、中间再次提到inflection时说，A few inflections, however, have survived. 后面文章又举了WHO/WHOM和ME/I为例说明inflection，这是一篇关于语言学的文章，从例子可以看出inflection的意思应该是 “单词的变形”，选项A正确。3.A细节题。根据文章的内容，选项A“普遍认为1500年是现代英语的起点”在文章中没有提及，故为正确答案。文章第二句说The history of our been a history of constant change - at times a slow, almost imperceptible

19、change, at other times a violent collision between two languages. 我们语言的历史是一个不断变化的历史在一些时间里缓慢得几乎难以察觉，在另一些时间里则是两种语言的激烈碰撞。由此可以推断一些其他的语言对英语的发 展有重大影响，选项B符合文章的意思。4.D词汇题。此题考查考生的推测能力和词汇量，文章的具体细节，最适当的答案应该是D。作者很可能是一位语言学家。A答案(历史学家)和C答案(人类学家)也可以有点迷惑性。B答案(哲学家)是最不符合的。5.C主旨题。本文从各个方面谈及英语作为一种语言的发展变化，但并不是讲述英语的历史。所以选项A

20、不对，选项C作为文章的题目最为贴切。选项B只是文章阐述的一个方面，不够全面。文章是在谈到英语的不断变化的时候谈到了现代英语的一些特点，所以选项D也失之于片面。英语B级考试阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析（2）来源：考试百科 更新时间：2011-4-20 11:02:35 【摘要】2011年上半年英语B及考试就要开考了，阅读理解在考试中占了很大的比重，为了帮助大家拿到阅读的高分，下面给大家整理了阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析，供大家参考。Cultureisoneofthe 2011年上半年就要开考了，阅读理解在考试中占了很大的比重，为了帮助大家拿到阅读的高分，下面给大家整理了阅读理解专项练习题及答案解

21、析，供大家参考。Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education

22、, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural en

23、vironment stem from the fact that one cannot learn cultureone has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonalds. In some cases, globalization is a fa

24、ct of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around a

25、cceptance or rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness.Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or overseas. The internationally successful comp

26、anies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer. 1. According to the passage, true

27、?A. All international managers can learn culture.B. Business diversity is not necessary.C. Views differ on how to treat culture in business world. Most people do not know foreign culture well.2. According to the author, the model of Pepsi . is in line with the theories of the school advocating the b

28、usiness is business the world around. is different from the model of McDonalds. shows the reverse of globalization. has converged cultural differences3. The two schools of thought . both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures. both advocate that different pol

29、icies be set up in different countries. admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world. Both and 4. This article is supposed to be most useful for those .A. who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversityB. who have connections to more than one type of cultureC. who wa

30、nt to travel abroadD. who want to run business on International Scale5. According to Fortune, successful international companies . earn 20 percent or overseas. all have the quality of patience. will follow the overseas local cultures. adopt the policy of internationalization英语B级考试阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析（2）来源

31、：考试百科 更新时间：2011-4-20 11:02:35 【摘要】2011年上半年英语B及考试就要开考了，阅读理解在考试中占了很大的比重，为了帮助大家拿到阅读的高分，下面给大家整理了阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析，供大家参考。CultureisoneoftheVocabulary1. dynamic adj. 动态的2. variable n. 变量3. aesthetics n. 美学4. factual adj. 事实的5. interpretative adj. 解释的6. converge v. 聚合7. transplant v. 移植8. myopia n. 近视9. advers

32、ary n. 对手长难句解析【解析】此句虽然很长，但考生只要认清它的主干，就很容易了解本句的意思。这个句子为一个简单句，主语为：“this system”，谓语为“is shaped”。【译文】特定社会成员特点构成的行为方式体系不断地被一系列动态变量所左右：如语言、信仰、价值与态度、礼仪与风俗、审美、技术、教育及社会体制。答案与详解【短文大意】本文主要作的影响，文中列举了商界中存在的对于文化多样性的两种观点。1. C推断题。意为“对在商业中怎样对待文化有着不同意见”。 文化在商业中是一个很具挑战性的因素。不同的国家与地区可能会有不同的文化体系。在商业中，应该怎样对待不同的文化，商业界存在着不同

33、的看法。2. 细节题。意为“与同意世界商业一体化的派别的主张是一致的”。 Pepsi采纳的是国际化的商业风格，这与那些主张国际化的派别的意见是相一致的。3. C推断题。意为“承认商业世界中文化的多元性”。两个派别都承认商业世界中文化的多元性。他们的不同在于，应该对待不同的文化，应该搞国际化还是对不同的文化采取不同的策略。4. D主旨题。由文中的例子可以知道，研究多种文化形态，而是文化背景对商业运作的影响。所以D是正确答案。5. 细节题。意为“都具有耐心这一素质”。司的海外收入都占总收入的20%或以上。它们也不一定全都接纳海外的当地文化，或是采纳国际化策略。英语B级考试阅读理解专项练习题及答案解

34、析（3）来源：考试百科 更新时间：2011-4-20 11:02:35 【摘要】2011年上半年英语B及考试就要开考了，阅读理解在考试中占了很大的比重，为了帮助大家拿到阅读的高分，下面给大家整理了阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析，供大家参考。Amongthemorecolorf 2011年上半年就要开考了，阅读理解在考试中占了很大的比重，为了帮助大家拿到阅读的高分，下面给大家整理了阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析，供大家参考。Among the more colorful characters of Leadvilles golden age were H.A.W.Tabor and his seco

35、nd wife,Elizabeth McCourt,better known as “Baby Doe”.Their history is fast becoming one of the legends of the Old West.Horace Austin school teacher in Vermont.With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas.Perhaps he did not find farming to his l

36、iking,or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines.At any rate,a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch,which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found h

37、ere.”he said.As it turned out,it was silver,not lead,that was to make Leadvilles fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself,so he opened a general store,which sold everything from boots to salt,flour,and tobacco.It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners,in other words,to su

38、pply them with food and supplies,or “grub”, while they looked for ore,in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.He did this for a number of years,but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.Finally one day in the year 1878,so the story goes,two miners came

39、in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit supplying it because he had lost too much money that way.These were persistent, however,and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself.One more time wont make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats to other custome

40、rs.the two miners took $17 worth of supplies,in gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings.They picked a barren place on the mountainside and began to dig.After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver.Tabor bought the shares of the other two men,and so the mine belonged to him alone.This

41、mine,known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment. Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117 000.This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh,yielding $35 000 worth of silver per day at

42、 one time.Leadville grew.Tabor became its first mayor,and later became lieutenant governor of the state.1.Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT.A.because citizenB.because great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC.because it could bring good fortune to TaborD.because it

43、was renamed2.The word “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means.A.to supply miners with food and suppliesB.to open a general storeC.to do ones contribution to the development of the mineD.to supply miners with food and supplies and in return get a share in the mine,if one was discovered3.Tabor made his first

44、 fortune.A.by supplying two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findingsB.because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit supplyingC.by buying the shares of the otherD.as a land speculator4. The underlying reason for Tabors life career is.A. purely accidentalB. ba

45、sed on the analysis of miners being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining siteC. through the help from his second wifeD. he planned well and accomplished targets step by step5.If this passage is the first part of an article,who might be introduced in the following part?A.T

46、abors life.B.Tabors second wife,Elizabeth McCourt.C.Other colorful characters.D.Tabors other careers.英语B级考试阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析（3）来源：考试百科 更新时间：2011-4-20 11:02:35 【摘要】2011年上半年英语B及考试就要开考了，阅读理解在考试中占了很大的比重，为了帮助大家拿到阅读的高分，下面给大家整理了阅读理解专项练习题及答案解析，供大家参考。AmongthemorecolorfVocabulary1.barren adj. 贫瘠的2.fabulous adj.

47、神话般的，难以置信的3.lure vt.诱惑，引诱4.deposit n.沉淀，储蓄5.grubstake v.下注长难句解析【解析】“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是“to”后面的句子，“while”引导时间状语从句。 【译文】他的人“下注”，说得更明确一点就是泰勃供给这些人食品、用品等物品，作为回报，当他们采到矿后就会分给他一部分股份。答案与详解【短文大意】本文主要讲述霍塞斯奥斯汀沃纳泰勃发家的故事。1. C细节题。因为Leadville可以为Tabor带来巨富。这一点不是Leadville得名的原因，因为在文章第二段中，讲到这一点时，提及三个原 因：A.因为Tabor成为当地的居民代表人物，B.因为在Leadville有丰富的铅的储藏量。D.因为Leadville是因为Tabor重要而起 的名，唯独C没有，因为到后来发现是银矿才给他带来巨富。2. D词汇题。第二段中grubstake的词义与D所述内容是相同的，即“供给探矿者资金，衣物，食品以及其他物品”。(可参阅英华大辞典修订第二版64页)但此处还补充地讲