2022届高考英语二轮复习：三步巧解七选五段中题 学案.docx

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1、高考英语备考：三步巧解七选五段中题七选五的段中题通常有34道，为帮助考生突破七选五的段中题，我们总结了以下三步，供参考。第一步，联系上下文，明确设空作用段中句一般有承上、启下、承上启下和体现文段结构四种作用。考生可快速浏览设空位置上下12句，理清上下文关系，明确此空在段中的作用。如：1.（2019年全国卷）Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question： “Should I jump？”This is what motivation or the lack of

2、it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. _ Like the child on the diving board， you will stay undecided.2.（2019年全国卷）Recently， people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）. _In these places patients can go to be near nature durin

3、g their recovery.3.（2021年新高考全国卷）My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. _ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard.4.（2013年全国卷）One is the establishment（制定）of broad basic policies with respect to production， sales， the purchase of

4、equipment， materials and supplies， and accounting. _ The third relates to the establishment of standards of word in all departments.分析第1题，上句提到“动机和目标设定是同一硬币的不同面”，这句话仅是二者关系分析的开始，并未说完，而下句转而呼应前文提到的事，故设空句与上句关系更紧密，起的是“承上”作用。第2题，上句是本段的总述，开启一个新话题：自然世界和治愈的关系。下句指出具体地方的治愈作用，故设空起的是引出下文的“啟下”作用。第3题，上句“作者与丈夫在巴黎度过了

5、一周”，营造在巴黎生活的大背景，下句列举到巴黎后做的第一件事，故设空用以将大背景与小事件联系起来，起“承上启下”的作用。第4题，上下两句分别以One和The third开头，故设空位置一定包含“二”“第二”或“其次”这样的字眼。此空体现“文段结构”的作用。从近五年真题来看，段中句承上启下作用的考查最为突出，考生不仅需要联系上文，还要参看下文。而文段结构的作用或因难度较低而未考查，但并不意味着未来不会出现。第二步，圈出关键词，锁定相关选项明确设空作用后，圈出关联句和选项中的关键词，以此锁定选项。选项确定一般参考代词指代、词语复现、语义场三种方法。（2021年新高考全国卷）My husband a

6、nd I just spent a week in Paris. 36 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway.The place wasnt entirely authentic， though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment， the plumbing

7、（水管）worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said，“Overture des porters，”in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered， and its a shame I dont have much use for it.Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in

8、 this paper a couple of weeks ago， they eat great food and never gain weight. 38 French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead， they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.39 On our first morning in Paris， I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bo

9、ught a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18！In France， quality of life is much more important than efficiency.You can tell this by cafs life. French cafs are always crowded. 40 Whe

10、n do these people work？ The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call.A. Not all the customers are tourists.B. The quality of life in Franc

11、e is equally excellent.C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.E. Thats not the only reason the French eat less than we do.F. Our aim was to see if we could live， in some way， like real Parisians.G. The food is so delicious that you d

12、ont need much of it to make you happy.分析：本題考查了4道段中题，分别为36、37、38和40题。第36题，F项中的Parisian与设空上句的Paris是同根词复现，且live和设空上句的spent a week及下句的apartment同属一个语义场。故36题初步锁定答案F项。第37题，C项中kitchen，bed和设空上句apartment，plumbing及下句的lift同属一个语义场;而nice，comfortable和下句的perfect属于同义词复现。故初步锁定37题选C项。第38题，设空上句eat，food在D，E，G三个选项中都有复现，且

13、great和D选项amazing及G选项so delicious属于同义词复现。再结合段中题承上启下的作用看，由于上下两句围绕“美味的法国食品”展开描述，因此D中local farmers和E中reason属于无关信息，可排除。故初步锁定38题选G项。第39题，前段讲“吃得好不胖”是因为“吃得少（不用吃太多）”，本段末句“但是它们要18美元”即东西贵，这是本段的重点，故本段是解释吃得少的另一个原因“东西贵”，与E项符合。（E项中that指代前句中的“味美不用吃太多”）第40题，A项中customers和设空上句French cafs同属一个语义场，且下句的these people恰好指代A选项

14、not all the customers，故初步锁定40题选A项。综上所述，在锁定选项时，要综合代词指代、词语复现、语义场三种方法，逐字逐句对选项和设空上下两句进行分析，有时还要结合设空作用和排除无关信息的方法确定答案。第三步，还原原文，核查答案初步确定答案后，还需将选项还原到原文中，思考选项与上下文是否存在合理的逻辑联系。这些逻辑联系一般包括顺承关系、转折关系、因果关系、解释关系四种。如：分析：上面的36题，将选项F代入原文后，既与上句形成了顺承关系，又与下句的so形成了因果关系。逻辑通顺，故确定答案为F项。同理，第37，38，40题，将选项C、G、A分别代入，都与上下句形成了合理的顺承关

15、系。又如：1.（2019年全国卷） Remember that goals are flexible. _ They also need to be measurable.（答案：E. They can change according to circumstances.）2.（2017年全国卷） I was， nevertheless， talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. _ Instead， we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.（答案：A. This time there was no tent.）分析：第1题，将选项E代入原文后，和下句一起对上句的goals进行了解释说明，构成解释关系。第2题，选项A的tent和下文的pop-up camper构成转折关系。考生在解答七选五段中题时，切不可心急，需对设空作用、选项与上下文的关键词、上下文的逻辑联系一步步进行分析。想要做好以上三步，平时除了广泛阅读外，要有意识地积累同义和同语义场的词汇，还要勤于思考语篇逻辑和句间联系，唯有这样才能在考场中快速准确地完成七选五。