2022届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句（1）（素材）.docx

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1、定语从句LOREM一、定义：在句中起定语作用，用于修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句，叫做定语从句。先行词：被定语从句修饰的词。（定语从句通常跟在先行词之后，由关系词引出）Eg: The girl who is singing is my younger sister. 先行词引导词（关系代词）二、定语从句的引导词（关系代词/关系副词）： 1、引导词的作用：引导定语从句；代替先行词；在从句中充当一定的成分（主语宾语、定语和状语等） 2、引导词的用法 关系代词： 关系副词：3、注意事项：若介词(of/for/with/about/in/on.)放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可

2、用who或that；指代物时用which，不能用that。eg: The girl with who/that you talked is my elder sister.(x) The girl with whom you talked is my elder sister. () The room in that we spent a night is very comfortable.(x) The room in which we spent a night is very comfortable. ()”介词+关系代词“前可有some, any, both, all, neither

3、, none, most, each, few等词。 eg: I love my grandparents deeply, both of whom are very kind to me. 三、 定语从句的分类（限制性定语从句/非限制性定语从句）1、 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约的作用，说明先行词的性质、特征、身份和状况等，使该词的含义更加具体明确。因此，限制性定语从句不能被省略，否则句意不完整。Eg: A doctor is a person who cures patients. This is the book which I borrowed from my

4、 friend yesterday.注意事项：关系代词一般只用that的情况 若先行词是anything, something, nothing, everything, all, few, little, none, some, every, any, no, much, each等不定代词时，关系代词一般只用that。（但something, everything和anything,后面偶尔也用which ; 若是指代人的不定代词或指示代词如one, anyone, no one, all, nobody, anybody, none, those时，先行词用who, 不用that） eg

5、: Thats all (that) I could do at that time. 当先行词前面有who,which时，只用that。eg: Who is the man that is standing there? 当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰的时候，只能用that。eg:This is the best film that I have seen. 当先行词被very,only修饰时，只能用that。(若先行词指代人，偶尔也会用who)Eg: This is the very teddy bear that I want to buy. 当先行词被序数词修饰时，只能用that。Eg:

6、 The first place that they visited in China was Beijing. 当先行词中既有人，也有物时，只能用that。Eg: The writer and his works that you told me about are admired by us all.2、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句与只是对先行词做一些附加说明，不起限定制约的作用。若将非限制定语从句省去，主句的意义依然完整。Eg:She didnt pass the exam, which disappointed her mother.3、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别名称意义结构要求功能引导词限制性定语从句对被修饰的先行词有限定制约的作用，指特定的人或者事，不能被省略，否则句意不完整。紧跟先行词，同先行词间一般不加逗号。修饰先行词关系代词、关系副词或that(作宾语时可省略)非限制性定语从句只是对先行词做一些附加说明，若将非限制定语从句省去，主句的意义依然完整。用逗号与主句隔开。修饰先行词或者整句话。只用关系代词或关系副词，不用that