人教版英语八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room讲义.docx

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1、Could you please clean your room?Part 1Grammar 1情态动词could的用法：1. 表示“能力”或“可能性”，作为can的过去形式。Could you speak English then？那时你能讲英语吗？He said he couldnt follow me. 他说他跟不上我。2.表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等情绪。Who could have taken them？谁会把它们拿走了呢？She couldnt have left so soon.她不可能这么快就走了。注意：在这种情况下，could和can是可以换用的，用could时口气较缓和，用ca

2、n时不相信的程度更强一些，两者在时间上没有差别。3. 比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法Could you let me have your passport? 看看你的护照好吗？Yes, here it is. 行，这就是。I could come earlier, if necessary.如果必要我可以早点来。 这时could和can没有时间上的差别。4.在以Could引导的表示委婉语气的疑问句，常用来表示请求别人帮助或对长辈的请求的。Could you come to my party on Saturday afternoon?周日下午，你能参加我的聚会吗？注意：这里不是情态动词的用法

3、。回答为：肯定回答：Yes, I can./Sure./Certainly. 否定回答：Sorry, I am afraid not.(在作否定回答时，要注意：在拒绝长辈的请求时，不能用can not，这样显得语气太过生硬，不礼貌。但是在长辈拒绝晚辈的请求是可以用can not的。) Practice（ ）1. Could I go out with my friend on Sunday? _.A. No, you dont B. Yes, you could C. Yes, you can D. Yes, you do【难度】：（ ）2. Could you please _ in the

4、 room? Oh, Im sorry.A. not smoking B. not smoke C. not to smoke D. dont smoke【难度】：（ ）3. Could you please _ the door?A. to openB. opensC. open D. opening【难度】：（ ）4. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you _.A. could B. will C. can D. might【难度】：（ ）5. Could you please help me open the windows

5、? Yes, I _.A. must B. can C. could D. will【难度】：（ ）6. Mom, could I go shopping with you?Yes, you _. But you must finish your homework first.A. could B. can C. cant D. couldnt【难度】：（ ）7. I have a cold. You are near the window. _ please close it? OK. You should look after yourself. A. Could I B. Can I C

6、. Could you D. Do you 【难度】：（ ）8. He _ speak three languages when he was ten years old. What a clever boy! A. can B. could C. may D. might 【难度】：Grammar 2一、倒装句的句型结构：1.“So/Nor/Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”该句型表示“也是”Nor/Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”该句型表示“也不是”助动词：do,did,does,will,have,has.例句：She did her homework

7、yesterday. So did I.She didnt her homework yesterday.Neither/Nor did I.be动词: am,is ,are ,was ,were.例句：I am a student, So is he.情态动词：can,could,may,should,must,.例句： I can play the piano，So can she.2. neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语“某人（主语）也不”例如：For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的

8、时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。3. neither两者都不(1) neither nor既不也不,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定 Neither Tom nor Jim is a student.Tom和Jim都不是学生。表达“也不”则用“Neither /Nor + be / V助/ V情+主”The first one wasnt bad. Neither was the second. Practice单项选择（ ）1. I haveneverbeen there. _he.A. Neither haveB. Nor hasC. So have D. So has【难度】：

9、（ ）2. He has been to Beijing. _I. A. So can B. Neither canC. Nor canD. So have【难度】：（ ）3. Lucy can speak a little Japanese. _I. A. So can B. Neither haveC. Nor canD. So have【难度】：（ ）4.Bod did well in English last term. _Lily. A. So can B. Neither haveC. Nor canD. So did【难度】：按要求改写下列句子。1. You arent allo

10、wed to smoke here._.（他们也是）2. Jane has not certainly been working hard. _（Lily也是）3. Mike knows a lot about the Internet. And _.（我也是）4. Bob is very hardworking. _.（我也是）5. Lily不是老师，Mary也不是。 Lily isnt a teacher. _ Mary. 【难度】：New Words英文中文英文中文fewadj.很少的finishv. 完成enoughadv. 足够地rubbish n.垃圾fold v. 折叠mess

11、n. 混乱at least至少prettyadj. 漂亮的be back回来tidyadj. 整齐的help out with 帮助解决课本原句再现I do not mind doing them. 我不介意做它们。 【解析】：mind doing sth 介意做某事 Would you mind turning down the TV? 你介意把电视调低吗？与mind相关的必备短语1. make up ones mind 某人下定决心2. never mind 没有关系，不要记在心上3. would you mind doing sth? 你介意吗?4. keep in mind 记住Pra

12、ctice（ ）1. How long will it take to finish _ basketball?A. play B. plays C. played D. playing【难度】：（ ）2. Lily made up her mind to finish _ homework.A. do B. does C. doingD. did【难度】：（ ）3. Would you mind _ down the music？A. turn B. turns C. turned D. turning【难度】：（ ）4. Lily made up her _ to play the pia

13、no.A. head B. lip C. mind D. decision【难度】：用所给词适当形式填空1. Can you finish _ (read) these books before 10 oclock?2. Could I finish _ (watch) this show? 3. He didnt mind _ (clean) the room. 4. Would you mind _(open) the door for me?【难度】：Grammar 3few , a few和 little ，a little辨析few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义

14、，没有，几乎没有；He has few friends here, he feels lonely.他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。a few表示有肯定意思， 有几个。 例如：There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。 例如：There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me alittle ink?我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？Practice（ ）1. M

15、y father has many books, but he has_ English books.A. little B. a little C. few D. a few Answer【难度】：（ ）2. The twins can speak only _ French.A. a few B. few C. little D. a little 【难度】：（ ）3. Theres only _ juice in the fridge. Would you like to buy _ bottles?A. a little; a few B. a few; a little C. few

16、; little D. little; few【难度】：（ ）4. He knows _ English but he has _ English friends.A. few; little B. little; few C. little; a few D. a few; little【难度】：（ ）5. Rest for _ hours and drink _ water, and youll get well soon.A. few; a little B. a few; a little C. little; few D. a little; a few【难度】：（ ）6. Bruc

17、e has read _ science books, but Im sorry to say he has learned _ from them.A. few; a little B. a few; little C. few; little D. a few; a little【难度】：根据句意，用little、few、a little、a few填空。 1.There are _ new words in this article, so its not difficult for us.2. You can put _ honey in the milk. It will taste

18、 better.3. There are _ classrooms on the ground floor. One of them is ours.4. We have _ milk to drink. I have to get some.【难度】：Part 2New Words英文中文英文中文wantvt. 需要,想要tiredadj. 疲倦的take vt. 拿，取walkv. 走，步行；reply vi. 回答angrily adv. 愤怒地understand vt. 理解；懂need v. 必须，需要threw down 扔下living room客厅，起居室clean and

19、tidy干净整洁need to do sth需要做某事shout back 大声回应walk away走开；离去sit down坐下；扎营in front of在.前面come over过来；顺便来访all the time始终，一直let sb do让某人做某事a waste of浪费spend on花费 in order to为了，目的是depend on依靠too much太多look after 照顾，照看live in居住take care of照顾，照看As a result结果Enough(1) enough adj.足够的,修饰名词,可以之前与之后;She asked from

20、 her mother enough money to buy the skirt.她向她母亲要了足够的钱来买这条裙子。(2) have enough time to do sth 有足够的时间做某事; I have enough food to eat.有足够的吃(3) enough adv.足够地,修饰形容词、副词、动词,并放在其后。interesting enough 足够有趣This story is interesting enough.我有足够的食物吃。Practice（ ）1. Mr.Liu wants to buy an expensive car. he has .A. en

21、ough money B. money enough C. too money D. money 【难度】：（ ）2. In the old days, lots of people didnt have to eat.A. enough money B. enough book C. enough food D. enough big【难度】：（ ）3. How do you like the talk show? I think its _ but some people think its so _.A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderf

22、ul; boring C. wonderful enough; boring D. enough wonderful; bored【难度】：（ ）4. The students need _their room by themselves.A. to cleanB. cleanedC. cleans D. to cleans【难度】：（ ）5. Last year I _ drive. I used to take the bus.A. couldB. couldntC. should D. shouldnt【难度】：（ ）6. _ exercise you take, _ you are.A

23、. The more; the more B. The more; the strongerC. The more; the better D. The more; the bigger【难度】：（ ）7. I make money to_a big house _my parents. A. provide; on B. provide; of C. provide; for D. provide; with【难度】：（ ）8. Students have _ homework to do every day.A. so manyB. such manyC. so much D. too m

24、any【难度】：（ ）9. The old men are playing chess. Would you mind _? A. turning downB. turn downC. turns downD. turned down【难度】：Grammarspend/pay/cost/take花费(1) spendspentspent v花费,主语是人sb.+spend+时间/钱+on sthHe spends too much time on the computer game. sb.+spend+时间/钱+（in）doing sth He spends too much time pl

25、aying the computer game.(2) pay paid paid v支付，主语是人sb.+ pay +钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.(3) cost cost cost v花费，主语是某物或某事sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱 A new computer costs me a lot of money.(4)taketook taken v花费It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes him 3 hours to do his home

26、work.Practice单项选择（ ）1. How much time you _ these tasks？ A. spentB. spend onC. costD. pay【难度】：（ ）2. She asked from her mother _ to buy the skirt. A. enough money B. enough C. as D. because of【难度】：（ ）3. I _ two hours on this maths problem yesterday. A. took B. costC. paidD. spent【难度】：（ ）4. They spend

27、too much time _ the report.A. WritingB. to write C. on writing D. write【难度】：（ ）5. What beautiful shoes youre wearing! They must be expensive. No, they only _ 30 yuan.A. spentB. took C. paid D. cost【难度】：（ ）6. It will _ me too much time to read this foreign book.A. take B. costC. spend D. pay【难度】：（ ）7

28、. This science book _ me a lot of money.A . took B. cost C. used D. spent【难度】：（ ）8. I have to _ them 20 pounds for this room each month.A. pay B. pays C. cost D. took【难度】：按要求改写句子1. It takes him 3 hours to do his homework. (改为同义句) He_3 hours _ his homework. 2. Tom often lends books to me. (改为同义句) I o

29、ften _ books_ Tom. 3. Sandy is the same age as Amy. (改为同义句) Sandy is as _ as Amy. 【难度】：Part 3Grammar课本原句再现It is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 对孩子来说，学习如何做家务和帮助父母做家务是很重要的。1. 形式主语结构It be +形容词 （for sb）to do sth(对某人来说)做某事是.在此句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式

30、。例句：It is very important for us to learn English.对于我们来说学习英语是重要的。其中to learn English是真正的主语，it是形式主语。It is so happy to see movies with you.很高兴和你一起看电影。其中to see movies with you是真正的主语，it是形式主语。2. It is+adj.+of sb. +to do sth中的adj.跟sb.有关，这个adj.是用来形容sb.的。表示某人这么做真是太adj.了。这个句型中你把sb.和adj.提出来可以造个句sb. is(are) adj.

31、如Its very kind of you to help me.把里面的sb.和adj.提出来可以发现you are kind是说得通的。3. It is +adj.+for sb.+to do sth表示做某事对某人来说很adj.这里的adj.是do sth.的属性里面的sb.跟adj.没有直接联系如Its difficult for you to deal with the problem. 不能说you are difficult4. 若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，fool

32、ish等，用of sb.。Its very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我，真好。Its clever of you to work out the maths problem.你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。Practice单项选择（ ）1. It is _ for children to learn how to do chores A.importantly B.important C.importance D. importanted【难度】：（ ）2. It is not easy _ us _ a foreign language.A.to, to learn

33、 B. for, learningC.for , to learn D.to, learn【难度】：（ ）3. Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A.this B.that C.it D.he【难度】：（ ）4. _ is possible to master a foreign language without much memory work. A.this B.that C.it D.he【难度】：（ ）5. Its clever _ you _ so many toy ships. A. of; mak

34、ing B. of; to makeC. for; to make D. for; making 【难度】：（ ）6. It is important _ people _ learn team spirit.A. of; of B. of; to C. for; to D. to;to【难度】：（ ）7. It is fun _ Tom _ teach us.A. of; of B. of; to C. for; to D. to;to【难度】：（ ）8. It is easy _ me to follow the Australian guests because I am good at

35、 English.A. of B. to C. for D. with【难度】：Quiz单项选择（ ）1. He helps his mother _ after every meal.A. does the dishes B. do the dish C. do the dishes D. does the dish【难度】：（ ）2. Now all of us exercise at _ least _ hour a day and outside school.A. the; a B. a; an C. 不填；a D. 不填；an【难度】：（ ）3. Which magazine do

36、 you like better, Crazy Reading or Teens space? I like _of them. They are useful for English lessons. A. none B. neither C. all D. both 【难度】：（ ）4. Could you please _ me where the bus station is? A. told B. telling C. to tell D. tell【难度】：（ ）5. Could you please provide us _ some information about the

37、students health? Of course, its my pleasure.A. to B. of C. from D. with【难度】：（ ）6. May I _ your bike? Certainly, but you cant _it to other. A. lend; lend B. borrow; lend C. borrow; borrow D. lend; borrow 【难度】：（ ）7. You are not _ to take part in the match. Please work hard and try to improve yourself.

38、A. good enough B. enough good C. well enough D. enough well【难度】：完成下面句子1.你能告诉我这个消息，真好。Its very kind _ you _ tell me the news. 2.对于他来说学习两种语言是困难的。 Its very hard _ him _ study two languages.3.你笑得越多，你就会感觉到快乐。_ you smile,_ you will feel. 【难度】：Self-checking根据提示填空，单词个数不限1. For one week, she did not do any h

39、ousework and neither _ I (我也没 做完).2. He always gets to school _time (按时).3. Peter, could you please _(open) the window?4. He spends too much time_ (填介词) the computer games.5. The Internet _(provide) us with a lot of information we need.6. The _(early) kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.7. He often _(借) money to his brother.8. Its very hard for him _(study) two languages.9. Could I finish _(wat