八年级英语牛津版8BUnit4AgoodreadGrammar课件.ppt

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1、Unit 4 A good readGrammarGrammarWords and phrases reviewvi. 交；递，给交；递，给上交，递交上交，递交等等等等n. 评论评论vt. 归还归还准时准时vt. 续借；更新；重新开始续借；更新；重新开始handhand inand so onreviewreturnon timerenewTo learn to use question words + to-infinitivesTo learn to use must and have to 语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可能多的呈现一

2、些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。法规律。Look at the following sentences.1. Some dogs just dont know how to have fun. (七年级上册七年级上册 U4)2. Im thinking about what to wear. (七年级上册七年级上册 U8)3. I was just wondering how to spend the morning (新概念新概念2 L

3、68)4. I must go to the greengrocers. (新概念新概念1 L79)5. He has a bad cold, Mr. Williams, so he must stay in bed for a week. (新概念新概念1 L61)6. Eddie, I think we have to go up again. (七年级下册七年级下册 U4)7. We dont have to feed her much. (七年级下册七年级下册 U8)8. Do you have to water it now? (新概念新概念1 L125)9. Have you de

4、cided what to do with these books, Hobo? (P48) 10. I have to use them to reach the box on the fridge. (P48) 11. I did not know what to say either. (P51)12. “I must run away from them,” I thought, but I did not know how to get away. (P51)to test your sense of observationto test your ability of short-

5、term memory to test your ability to highlight the language pointsGuessFill in the blanks.1. Some dogs just dont know _ fun. 2. Im thinking about _. 3. I was just wondering _ the morning 4. I _ go to the greengrocers.5. He has a bad cold, Mr. Williams, so he _ stay in bed for a week. 6. Eddie, I thin

6、k we _ go up again. how to havewhat to wearhow to spendmustmusthave to7. We dont _ feed her much. 8. Do you _ water it now? 9. Have you decided _ with these books, Hobo? 10. I _ use them to reach the box on the fridge. 11. I did not know _ either. 12. “I must run away from them,” I thought, but I di

7、d not know _ away. have tohave towhat to dohave towhat to sayhow to getI dont know what _ next. A. will do B. doingC. do D. to do Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? Yes, you _.A. must B. canC. may D. need 以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习以上我们已经通过归纳总结和练习对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，对本课的语法内容有了一定的了解，下面就让我们根据下面就让我们根据之前

8、练习的考察情之前练习的考察情况进一步选择讲解况进一步选择讲解该语法项的重难点。该语法项的重难点。Using question words + to-infinitives我们可以用我们可以用“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构结构作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词作动词的宾语。疑问词包括疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词及疑问副词when, how, where等。常和等。常和“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构连结构连用的动词和动词短语有：用的动词和动词短语有：tell, show, think, learn, know, wonder, decide, r

9、emember, forget, understand, see, hear, ask, advise, explain, find out等。等。The young woman doesnt know what to do. 那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。那位年轻女子不知道怎么办。I dont know what to say. 我不知道说什么。我不知道说什么。 We must know how to operate the machine. 我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。我们必须弄懂如何操作这机器。We want to learn how to write plays. 我们想要学习如何写剧本。

10、我们想要学习如何写剧本。 The teacher told the students how to do the experiment. 老师告诉学生如何做实验。老师告诉学生如何做实验。Can you show me how to make a paper boat? 你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？你能给我演示怎样做一只纸船吗？ 有些动词，如有些动词，如advise, ask, show, teach, tell等，其后可以接双宾语。等，其后可以接双宾语。有些疑问词，如有些疑问词，如what, which, whose, how many, how much等，其后可以先接一个等，其后可以先接

11、一个名词，再接动词不定式。名词，再接动词不定式。I dont know which topic to choose. 我不知道选哪个题目。我不知道选哪个题目。在在“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构前，有结构前，有时也可以是如时也可以是如sure, clear等的形容词。等的形容词。I am not sure which way to take.我不确定走哪条路。我不确定走哪条路。 “疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”结构在句中结构在句中还还可以作主语和表语。可以作主语和表语。How to use the machine is a question. （作主语）（作主语）The

12、 question is when to go there. （作表语）（作表语）“疑问词疑问词 + 动词不定式动词不定式”作宾语时，相作宾语时，相当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。当于一个由该疑问词引导的宾语从句。Excuse me. Can you tell me how to get to the bookshop? = Excuse me. Can you tell me how I can get to the bookshop?注意：注意：所有疑问词中，只有所有疑问词中，只有why不可以与动词不不可以与动词不定式连用。定式连用。Using must and have to must

13、与与have to是两个常用的情态动词，是两个常用的情态动词，两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注两词后面都接动词原形。在使用时，应注意两词间的差别。意两词间的差别。must 表示主语表示主语“有义务有义务”的的“必须必须”做做某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于某事，强调说话人的主观看法，主要用于肯定句和疑问句；肯定句和疑问句；must 还可以表示肯定还可以表示肯定推测，意思是推测，意思是“一定一定”。have to 强调的是客观需要，意思是强调的是客观需要，意思是“不不得不得不”。have to 有人称和数的变化。有人称和数的变化。I must work hard at my lesson

14、s. 我必须努力学习功课。我必须努力学习功课。(主观意愿）主观意愿）I have to look after mother at home. For she is ill. 我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。我得在家照看妈妈，因为她病了。(客观客观需要）需要）It is getting dark. He has to go home now.天快黑了。他现在得回家了。天快黑了。他现在得回家了。(客观需要）客观需要）must的否定形式是的否定形式是must not，其缩写为，其缩写为mustnt，表示禁止，意思是，表示禁止，意思是“不能，不能，不许不许”。have to的否定形式是的否定形式是do

15、not have to，其，其缩写为缩写为dont have to。 You mustnt make any noise in class.上课时你们不许吵闹。上课时你们不许吵闹。You dont have to water the flowers. For it is going to rain.你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。你们不必浇花了，因为要下雨了。不定式可以和疑问代词不定式可以和疑问代词who, what, which及疑问副词及疑问副词when, how, where等连用，构等连用，构成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、成不定式短语，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。表语等。must

16、表示主观的义务和必要，意思是表示主观的义务和必要，意思是“必必须，得，要须，得，要”，否定形式是，否定形式是must not;must还可以表示肯定推测，意思是还可以表示肯定推测，意思是“一一定定”。have to表示一种客观的需要，意思是表示一种客观的需要，意思是“不不得不得不”，否定形式是，否定形式是do not have to。1. Im going on a field trip but I havent decided _. (2007河南河南) A. what to do B. to do what C. where to go D. to go where2. Excuse me

17、. Would you please tell me _ buy a digital camera? (2007安徽安徽) A. what to B. where to C. what I can D. where can I I. 单项选择。3. This physics problem is too difficult. Can you show me _, Wang Lin? Sure. (2008陕西陕西) A. what to work it out B. what to work out it C. how to work it out D. how to work out it

18、4. We need a new leader for our Helping Hands Club, but I dont know _. Why not Mary? She is always willing to help others. (2011江苏南通江苏南通) A. what to choose B. how to choose C. when to choose D. who to choose5. The math problem is so hard. I really dont know _. (2012甘肃鸡西甘肃鸡西) A. how to do it B. how t

19、o do C. what to do it6. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the nearest post office? Sorry, I am new here. (2013山东威海山东威海) A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can 7. Excuse me. Could you please tell me _ my car? Sure. Park it right here. Ill help you. (2013山东青岛山东青岛) A. how to stop B. wh

20、ere to park C. where to stop D. when to park8. _ I swim here? Im sorry. Children _ swim alone here. (2012广东广东) A. Must; cant B. May; must C. Can; mustnt D. Cant; can 9. Dad, must we wait until the light becomes green? Yes, Im afraid we _. Thats the traffic rule. (2013河南河南) A. can B. may C. have to D

21、. need10. Students in our school _ know shouting is not allowed in the library. (2013山东莱芜山东莱芜) A. can B. may C. must D. need1. When I go into the clothes shop, I always cant decide _ one to buy.2. My grandfather doesnt know _ to use a computer.3. - Will you please show me _ to drive a car? - Yes, of

22、 course. Now let me tell you _ to do first.4. I will tell Lucy _ and _ to meet.whichhowhowwhatwhenwhereII. 选用选用how, which, what, when, where填空。填空。 Andy doesnt know _.what to wearIII. 看图完成句子。看图完成句子。Millie cant decide _.which book to buyThey dont know _ to the station.how to goI dont know how _ from a

23、 library.to borrow books IV. 翻译下列句子。1. Have you decided _ _ (怎样度假怎样度假)?2. I dont know _ (在会上说什么在会上说什么).3. Can you tell me _ (在哪里能买到这本书在哪里能买到这本书)? your holidayhow to spendwhat to say at the meetingwhere to buy this book4. Drivers _ (必须系必须系 安全带安全带) while their cars are running on the road.5. _ (必须必须) I finish my homework now? No, _ (你没必要你没必要). Your work is over today. Mustyou dont have tomust wear seat beltsTo preview Integrated skills on Pages 57 and 58To learn to borrow books from a library1. Review the Grammar.2. Finish the exercises on Pages 55-56.Homework