Unit2-Cloning词汇课件-新人教版选修8.ppt

《Unit2-Cloning词汇课件-新人教版选修8.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Unit2-Cloning词汇课件-新人教版选修8.ppt（33页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、 假设你班就科学家是否应该克隆人进行了讨论，假设你班就科学家是否应该克隆人进行了讨论，20的的同学赞成，认为其一：有利于促进该科学领域取得突破；同学赞成，认为其一：有利于促进该科学领域取得突破；其二：克隆智力过人的伟大科学家，人类将拥有更多有非其二：克隆智力过人的伟大科学家，人类将拥有更多有非凡贡献的人。凡贡献的人。80的同学反对，因为这样违背社会道义，的同学反对，因为这样违背社会道义，克隆人没有父母，无法像正常人一样生活，试谈谈你的看克隆人没有父母，无法像正常人一样生活，试谈谈你的看法。词数法。词数120字左右。字左右。范文背诵范文背诵 Did you ever imagine having

2、 a child that is the exact replica（复（复制品）制品） of you? Did you ever imagine of having the cure for heart disease or cancer? Well, these fantasies are not far from reach. The way we could reach these fantasies is through a process called cloning. Cloning is the replication of an exact genetic copy of a

3、n organism by use of a somatic tissue (or cell) from the donor organism. Cloning can be used in humans, human organs, or even animals. There are many advantages and disadvantages of cloning. A benefit of cloning is cloning human organs or body parts. If a person has a dysfunctional（变形）（变形） liver or

4、heart then they could get it cloned and get a brand new one. These are some of thebenefits of cloning. Even though there are a lot of benefits to cloning, there are also a lot of disadvantages of cloning. One disadvantage is whether cloning is ethical. Cloning will bring up a great controversy on wh

5、ether cloning is the “right” thing to do or not. This controversy is currently going on right now and will be even a greater controversy if the government allows cloning. Many people think that nature should just take its course. Other people think that cloning will be a very good thing to society.句

6、型背诵句型背诵 The way we could reach these fantasies is through a process called cloning. A benefit of cloning is cloning human organs or body parts Even though there are a lot of benefits to cloning, there are also a lot of disadvantages of cloning.1. _ vi.不同；相异不同；相异 _ adj.不同的不同的 _ n.不同不同;不同之处不同之处2. _ ad

7、j.精确的精确的;准确的准确的 _ adv.精确地，准确地精确地，准确地3. _ adj.商业的；贸易的商业的；贸易的 _ n.商业；贸易商业；贸易4. _ adj.简单的简单的;直接的直接的;坦率的坦率的5. _ n.程序程序;手续手续;步骤步骤6. _ v.着手着手;从事从事;承担承担7. _ v. 反对；不赞成反对；不赞成 _ n. 不赞成；反对；异议不赞成；反对；异议8. _ adj.道德（上）的道德（上）的;伦理的伦理的 _ adv.道德上地道德上地;伦理上地伦理上地9. _ vt.&vi.积累积累;聚积聚积 _ n.积累积累;聚积聚积10. _ vi.退休退休;离开离开 _ n.退

8、休退休11. _ vt.打扰；打扰；vi.操心操心;n.烦扰烦扰12. _ n.假定；设想假定；设想 _ v.以为；设想；承担；呈现以为；设想；承担；呈现13. _ n.规则，规章规则，规章;法规法规 _ v.规范；调节规范；调节 _ adj.定期的，有规律的定期的，有规律的;正规的正规的14. _ vt.抵抗，对抗抵抗，对抗 _ n.抵抗，反抗；抵抗力抵抗，反抗；抵抗力 _ adj.有抵抗力的有抵抗力的15. _ adv.仅；只；不过仅；只；不过 _ adj.仅仅的仅仅的答案：答案：1. differ;different; difference 2. exact；exactly3. comm

9、ercial; commerce 4. straightforward 5. procedure6. undertake 7. object; objection 8. moral; morally9. accumulate;accumulation 10. retire；retirement 11. bother12. assumption；assume 13. regulation; regulate; regular14. resist; resistance; resistant 15. merely; mere1. pay _ 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清得到好结果；取得成功；偿清2.

10、 _ down 沮丧；不愉快沮丧；不愉快3. _ to 反对；不赞成反对；不赞成4. in _ of 支持；赞成支持；赞成5. be _ to do. 一定或注定（做）一定或注定（做）6. _ .into ones heart 使使刻骨铭心刻骨铭心7. from _ to time 不时；偶尔不时；偶尔8. bring _ to life 使复生；使复活使复生；使复活9. in _ 白费力气；枉费心机白费力气；枉费心机10. in good/poor _ 状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）状况很好（坏）；情况很好（坏）答案：答案：1. off 2. cast 3. object 4. favour

11、 5. bound6. strike 7. time 8. back 9. vain 10. conditionThe fact _ she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 多莉看来是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。多莉看来是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。答案：答案：that1. undertake vt.着手着手;从事从事;承担；承诺，答应承担；承诺，答应The scientist undertakes the experiment.科学家从事这项实验。科学家从事这项实验。I can undertake the responsi

12、bility for the changes.我愿意承担这些变革的责任。我愿意承担这些变革的责任。He undertook to finish the job by Friday.他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。他答应星期五之前完成这项工作。常用结构：常用结构：undertake sth. 着手着手/从事从事/承担某事承担某事undertake to do sth. 保证保证/答应做某事答应做某事undertake that . 保证保证【即学即练】【即学即练】 完成句子完成句子他欣然承担那项艰难的任务。他欣然承担那项艰难的任务。He _ the difficult task willingly

13、.他许诺当我们的向导。他许诺当我们的向导。He _ _ _ our guide.答案：答案：undertookundertook to be单项填空单项填空He _ to improve the working conditions and the workers were expecting it.A. undertook B. allowedC. answered D. admitted解析：选解析：选A。考查动词辨析。考查动词辨析。undertake此处意为此处意为“答应答应”相当于相当于promise。温馨提示温馨提示：其过去式为：其过去式为：undertook;过去分词为：过去分词为

14、：undertaken。2. objection n. 不赞成；反对；异议不赞成；反对；异议Nobody raised any objection to my doing it right now. 没人反对没人反对,我现在就做这件事。我现在就做这件事。The chief objection to the essay is its inappropriate use of special jargons. 这篇文章的主要缺点是专业术语用得不当。这篇文章的主要缺点是专业术语用得不当。【联想拓展】【联想拓展】object表示表示“反对反对”，为不及物动词，后接宾语时需要加介词，为不及物动词，后接宾

15、语时需要加介词to。oppose表示表示“反对反对”，为及物动词，接宾语时不加介词，为及物动词，接宾语时不加介词to。但是。但是在在be opposed to中需要加介词中需要加介词to，表示，表示“反对反对，与，与相相反反”。object to sb./sth. 不赞成某人不赞成某人/某事某事(to为介词为介词)object to （sb.）doing sth. 反对反对(某人某人)做某事做某事object that .反对反对It was objected that .有人反对有人反对常用结构：常用结构：have/make an objection to （doing）sth. 对对表示反

16、对表示反对【即学即练】【即学即练】 完成句子完成句子我们反对受到这样的待遇。我们反对受到这样的待遇。We _ _ _ treated like this.母亲反对说，吉米身体太虚弱，不能承担那份工作。母亲反对说，吉米身体太虚弱，不能承担那份工作。Mother _ _ Jimmy was too weak to take up the job.答案：答案：object to being objected that3. obtain vt. 获得；赢得获得；赢得I havent been able to obtain that record anywhere.我到处都没买到那张唱片。我到处都没买到

17、那张唱片。He said that the police had obtained this information by illegal means.他说警方是靠非法手段获得这一资料的。他说警方是靠非法手段获得这一资料的。常用结构：常用结构：obtain sth. from sb./sth. 从从获得某物获得某物obtain sth. by doing sth. 通过做某事获得某物通过做某事获得某物 【易混辨析】【易混辨析】obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieveobtain 意为意为“获得，买到获得，买到”。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有

18、满足要求或达到目的的意味，属正式用语。满足要求或达到目的的意味，属正式用语。acquire 意为意为“经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等经过努力逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等”，也可，也可用于对财物等的用于对财物等的“获得获得”，强调，强调“一经获得就会长期持有一经获得就会长期持有”的的含义。含义。gain 意为意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处”；亦可指军事；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等。上的武力夺取等。earn 意为意为“挣得，赢得挣得，赢得”。指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。achieve 意为意为“得到；获得得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、

19、幸福的取得。，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。 【即学即练】【即学即练】选词填空选词填空(obtain/acquire/gain/earn/achieve）I finally managed to _ a copy of the report.It is through learning that the individual _ many habitual ways of reacting to situations.An investor _ by buying stocks that go up in value.How much do you _ a week?The movie star

20、 _ success and wealth.答案：答案：obtain acquires gains earn achieved4. owe vt. 欠（账，钱，人情等）；归功于欠（账，钱，人情等）；归功于He owes his father 50. =He owes 50 to his father.他欠他父亲他欠他父亲50英镑。英镑。We owe this discovery to Newton.我们把这一发现归功于牛顿。我们把这一发现归功于牛顿。常用结构：常用结构：owe . to. 欠欠；把；把归功于；应感激归功于；应感激owe . to.for. 因因欠欠owe sb. sth. =

21、owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物欠某人某物owing to 因为，由于因为，由于【联想拓展】【联想拓展】owing adj. 欠的，未付的欠的，未付的【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子他把自己的成功归功于他的父母！他把自己的成功归功于他的父母！He _ his success_ his parents!我们全靠牛顿才知道引力的原理。我们全靠牛顿才知道引力的原理。 We _ the principle of gravitation _ Newton.答案：答案：owed; to owed;to5. resist vt.抵抗；对抗抵抗；对抗They were powerless t

22、o resist.他们无力反抗。他们无力反抗。Many young people could not resist the spiritual pollution.很多年轻人不能抵制精神污染。很多年轻人不能抵制精神污染。I cant resist the temptation.我不能抵挡诱惑。我不能抵挡诱惑。常用结构：常用结构：resist sth. 抵制；阻挡某事抵制；阻挡某事resist doing sth. 反对做某事反对做某事cant resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事忍不住做某事be resistant to sb./sth. 对某人对某人/某事有抵抗力某事有抵抗力用法

23、点拨：用法点拨：resist表示表示“忍得住忍得住”，常与，常与cant/couldnt连用，后面连用，后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子她忍不住要笑。她忍不住要笑。She _ hardly _ _ .我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。我顶不住烤苹果的诱惑。I _ _ baked apples.答案：答案：could;resist laughing cant resist单项填空单项填空She is overweight, but she cant _ the temptation to eat more delicious food. A

24、. forbid B. attach C. allow D. resist解析：选解析：选D。考查动词词义辨析。考查动词词义辨析。resist抵制；抵制；forbid禁止；禁止；attach吸引，粘上；吸引，粘上；allow允许。由句意可知，应选允许。由句意可知，应选D。6. pay off 得到好结果，取得成功得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动语态常用主动语态)；偿清；解雇；偿清；解雇We will have more money to spend after we pay off our mortgage. 在付清贷款后在付清贷款后,我们会有更多钱花。我们会有更多钱花。The company

25、has paid off some redundant employees. 公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。 【联想拓展】【联想拓展】pay for 付付的钱；为的钱；为而付出代价而付出代价pay back sth. (=pay sb. back sth.) 偿还；报复偿还；报复pay sb. for sth.=pay sth. to sb. for sth.付钱给某人作为付钱给某人作为的费用的费用【即学即练】【即学即练】 单项填空单项填空If you go for a long ride in a friends car, its the cus

26、tom to offer to _ some of the expenses. A. pay B. pay off C. pay for D. pay back解析：选解析：选C。此处表达偿付一部分费用。此处表达偿付一部分费用。pay for 付付的钱。的钱。用与用与pay相关的词组填空相关的词组填空After ten years of hard working she finally _ _ her debt. Our efforts are sure to _ _.Have you _ the money _ the bank yet?答案：答案：paid off pay off paid

27、; to7. in favour of 赞成，支持赞成，支持Everyone in the class voted in favour of the competition.班里的每个人都投票赞成参加那个竞赛。班里的每个人都投票赞成参加那个竞赛。【联想拓展】【联想拓展】in sb.s favour 对某人有利对某人有利do sb. a favour=do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙帮某人忙do sb. the favour to do sth.=do sb. a favour by doing sth. 帮忙做帮忙做Could you do me a favour and te

28、ll Kelly I cant make it?你能帮我个忙告诉凯利我没法做成吗？你能帮我个忙告诉凯利我没法做成吗？温馨提示：温馨提示：do sb.a favour(do a favour for sb.)帮助某人帮助某人(在该短在该短语中带有不定冠词语中带有不定冠词a, 但当后边带动词不定式作定语时，但当后边带动词不定式作定语时，favour前的冠词应为前的冠词应为the)。【即学即练】【即学即练】 单项填空单项填空He argued _ a strike.A. in favour of B. in honour ofC. in face of D. in need of解析：选解析：选A。

29、考查短语辨析。考查短语辨析。in favour of支持支持;in honour of为了为了纪念纪念;in face of面对；面对；in need of需要。由句意可知，选需要。由句意可知，选A。I dont like to ask people for help as a rule but I wonder if you could _ me a favour. A. make B. do C. find D. get解析：选解析：选B。do sb. a favour帮助某人，符合句意。帮助某人，符合句意。温馨提示：温馨提示：当表示当表示“支持，赞同某人支持，赞同某人/某事某事”时除用时

30、除用in favour of之外；其他常用：之外；其他常用：be for sb./sth. stand by; stand on ones side等。等。表示表示“不支持，不赞同某人不支持，不赞同某人/某事某事”时用时用be against sb./sth.8. be bound to do 一定；注定一定；注定(做做)【联想拓展】【联想拓展】be bound for 去，准备去去，准备去be bound up with .与与有密切关系有密切关系be bound to sth.受受限制；被限制；被束缚束缚 【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子明天天气一定会变得更好。明天天气一定会变得更

31、好。The weather _ _ _ get better tomorrow.你下了这么多工夫你下了这么多工夫, 一定能考及格。一定能考及格。Youve done so much work that you _ _ _ pass the exam.这艘轮船前往青岛。这艘轮船前往青岛。This ship _ _ _ Qingdao.答案：答案：is bound to are bound to is bound for9. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.(P11)她（多莉羊）似乎生长正常的事实很

32、鼓舞人心。她（多莉羊）似乎生长正常的事实很鼓舞人心。that she seemed to develop normally是一个同位语从句，作是一个同位语从句，作the fact的同位语。同位语从句一般由的同位语。同位语从句一般由that引导，常放在引导，常放在fact，truth，news，information，idea，thought，hope，suggestion，advice，reply，remark，report等名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。当等名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。当先行词是先行词是problem，question或当主句是表示疑问或否定意思时，或当主句是表示疑问或

33、否定意思时，连接词要用连接词要用whether或其他的疑问代词或副词。或其他的疑问代词或副词。The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true.他当选美国总统的消息是真的。他当选美国总统的消息是真的。The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。I have no idea where the ne

34、w library will be built.我不知道新图书馆将要建在哪里。我不知道新图书馆将要建在哪里。10. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.（P11）接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。now, then位于句首，谓语是位于句首，谓语是come, go, appear等时句子用全部倒等时句子用全部倒装。装。Now comes your turn. 轮到你了。轮到你了。【即学即练】【即学即练】单项填空单项填空In the dark forests_ , some lar

35、ge enough to hold several English towns. A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakesC. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand解析：选解析：选B。考查词语辨析以及倒装。地点状语放在句首时，谓。考查词语辨析以及倒装。地点状语放在句首时，谓语常是语常是come， go， lie, stand等且主语是名词或名词词组时主句等且主语是名词或名词词组时主句用全部倒装。表示某物存在某处，动词应用用全部倒装。表示某物存在某处，动词应用lie。. 单词拼写单词拼写 1. The role of the ne

36、ws u_ informing public opinion is of great importance. 2. The small town looks e_ as it did when it was built 200 years ago. 3. Im sorry to d_ you so late, but I was wondering if I could use your phone. 4. For a teacher to hit a child is not just m_ wrong but also illegal.5. These profits are based

37、on the a_ that prices will continue to rise.6. The treatment wont cure her - it m_ stops the pain.7. The law f_ the sale of cigarettes to people under the age of 16. 8. We have worked out a new set of p_ for using this machine.9. No one o_ when the manager said it was time to go home. 10. Every serv

38、ant will r_ from his position at the age of 60.答案：答案：1. undertaken 2. exactly 3. disturb 4. morally5. assumption 6. merely 7. forbids 8. procedures9. objected10. retire. 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空be cast down/object to/in favour of/be bound to (do)/from time to time/bring back to life/pay off/in

39、 goodcondition/in vain/cast down1. During my stay in Japan my sister visited me _ .2. I _ to know that she failed in the final exam. 3. All your efforts will _. Just keep it up! 4. All those present at the meeting _ the plan. 5. He has made full preparations for the exam. He _ succeed. 6. Are there

40、anyone _ human cloning? 7. I think some day dinosaurs may be _ through cloning. 8. All our hard work was _.9. Keepers said the pandas were _ .10. They _ their weapons at last.答案：答案：1. from time to time 2. was cast down 3. pay off4. objected to 5. is bound to 6. in favour of7. brought back to life 8.

41、 in vain 9. in good condition10. cast down. 同义句转换同义句转换1. At the beginning, he was against my proposal. However, in the end, he changed his mind. At first he hesitated about my suggestion, but he _ _ agreed.2. Later they learnt that an earthquake had taken place in that area. Then _ _ _ that the area

42、 had been hit by an earthquake.3. Although he was not strong, he joined in the work. _ _ _ weakness, he took part in the work.答案：答案：1. at last 2. came the news 3. Despite of his. 根据要求改写句子根据要求改写句子 The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. (改写成两个句子改写成两个句子) _2. Then came the di

43、sturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. （改写成正常语序）（改写成正常语序）_答案：答案：1. The fact is that she seemed to develop normally. The fact was very encouraging.2. The disturbing news then came that Dolly had become seriously ill. 完成句子完成句子1. Tell your parents the truth, for they _ _ _ (注定注定) know all a

44、bout it.2. The project raised _ _ _ _ (巨大的反巨大的反对对)and had a great impact on the villagers.3. Though he _ _ _ _（赞成）（赞成）the plan, he didnt make straightforward replies.4. He _ _ (已经积累已经积累) a lot of teaching experience during the past 10 years.5. His assumption that human beings can clone animals _ _（证

45、实）（证实）at last.答案：答案：1. are bound to 2. a storm of objections3. was in favour of 4. has accumulated 5. was proved . 单项填空单项填空1. After three years of hard work, they had at last paid _ all the money they had borrowed.A. For B. out C. in D. back解析：选解析：选D。pay back表示表示“偿还，还清偿还，还清”，pay for 支付；支付； pay out 花

46、费。花费。2. Hes obviously quite embarrassed about it because he forbade me _ telling anyone.A. for B. from C. off D. of解析：选解析：选B。forbid sb. from doing 禁止某人做某事。禁止某人做某事。3. Scientists have reached the _ conclusion that the amount of solar energy reaching the earths surface has been gradually falling.A. sat

47、isfying B. exact C. disturbing D. hopeful解析：选解析：选C。disturbing表示表示“令人不安的令人不安的”，修饰，修饰conclusion。4. What guided your choice of destination or was it _?A. arbitrary B. unexpected C. exciting D. natural解析：选解析：选A。arbitrary表示表示“任意的任意的”。句意为：你是根据什么。句意为：你是根据什么做出的选择，还是任意的？做出的选择，还是任意的？5. Unfortunately, the gove

48、rnment has shown that it will _ the plans to build thousands of homes for people in the South Hams.A. object B. agree C. object to D. agree to解析：选解析：选C。object to表示表示“拒绝，不赞成拒绝，不赞成”, to为介词。为介词。6. The law _ the sales of cigarette to people under the age of 16.A. encourages B. allows C. forbids D. helps

49、解析：选解析：选C。考查动词辨析。考查动词辨析。forbid表示表示“禁止禁止”。句意为：法。句意为：法律禁止把烟卖给律禁止把烟卖给16岁以下的孩子。岁以下的孩子。7. He tried to run away from the police and was charged with _ arrest.A. controlling B. resisting C. winning D. losing解析：选解析：选B。句意为：他尽力地想摆脱警察，所以被控告拒捕。句意为：他尽力地想摆脱警察，所以被控告拒捕。resist抵制，抵抗。抵制，抵抗。8. The English spoken in the

50、 United States is only slightly different from _ spoken in England.A. which B. what C. that D. the one解析：选解析：选C。that 指代前面的名词指代前面的名词English, spoken过去分词作定语。过去分词作定语。9. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it _. A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved解析：选解析：选B。contain表示表示“含有，内含含有，内含”，句意