2022年飞机结构类常用英汉词汇 .pdf

《2022年飞机结构类常用英汉词汇 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年飞机结构类常用英汉词汇 .pdf（22页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、1 飞机结构类常用英汉词汇飞机结构aircraft structure 单翼机monoplane 多翼机multiplane 舰载飞机shipplane 雪上飞机ski-plane 水上飞机aerohydroplane ；seaplane ；hydroplane；hydro-airplane 低翼low wing 高翼high wing 三角形机翼delta wing 前掠的forwardswept 后掠的backswept 后掠角sweepback ；backward sweep ；positive sweep 大迎角high incidence 机头nose 机头下沉nose heavy

2、机头罩nose fairing 机身fuselage 前机身fwd fuselage 中前机身mid-fwd fuselage中后机身mid-aft fuselage 后机身aft fuselage 全机身whole fuselage 机翼wing 翼展span；wingspread 翼展方向spanwise 半翼展semispan 襟翼flap 前缘襟翼leading-edge flap 副翼aileron 后缘T.E. (trailing-edge) 后缘襟翼trailing-edge flap 前缘L.E.(leading-edge) 缝翼slat 前缘缝翼leading-edge sl

3、at 襟副翼flaperon 翼尖wingtip 翼梢小翼winglet 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 翼刀wing fence 翼面plane 翼片panel 安定面stabilizer 水平安定面horizontal stabilizer；tailplane 平尾horizontal tail（wing）垂直安定面vertical stabilizer 升降舵elevator 垂尾vertical t

4、ail (wing) 尾翼empennage, tail 方向舵yaw rudder； rudder 全动式水平尾翼all-moving horizontal tail 机尾罩empennage cover 起落架landing gear 主起落架main landing gear(MLG) 前起落架nose landing gear (NLG) 起落架舱门landing gear door 起落架轮舱landing gear wheel well 动力装置power plant 涡轮turbine 涡轮螺浆喷气发动机propjet 涡轮冲压式喷气发动机turboramjet 涡轮喷气发动机t

5、urbojet 涡轮发电机turbo-generator 涡扇发动机turbofan engine 座椅固定卡臂seat fixing clamp arm 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 座椅操纵开关seat control switch 座椅导向滑轮seat guide-pulley 座椅滑轨seat track 短舱nacelle 货舱cargo compartment 座舱盖cockpit cover

6、 风挡windshield；windscreen 气密舱pressurized cabin 应急舱门emergency door 整流罩fairing 翼箱wing box 壁板panel 导流片Jetevator 扰流片spoiler 增升装置lift augmentation device 操纵面control surface 作动筒ram；actuating cylinder 作动筒支臂jack lever 防冰系统de-icing system/Antiicing system 补偿片tab 调整片trimmer 辐条spoke 浮筒float；pontoon 整体油箱integral

7、 fuel tank 地板floor panel 斜梁diagonal spar 龙骨梁keel beam 地板梁floor beam 吊挂pylon 吊挂前梁pylon front spar 吊挂后梁pylon rear spar 吊挂前缘整流罩pylon leading-edge fairing 吊挂后缘整流罩pylon trailing-edge fairing 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 封闭肋

8、closing rib 辅助梁auxiliary spar 暗箱dark slide；dark chamber 半硬壳式结构semi-monocoque structure 静定结构statically determinant structure 静不定结构 (非静定结构 ) non-statically determinant structure 梁spar, beam, longeron 腹板web 支架bracket 柱column 隔框bulkhead, frame 框frame 铰链hinge 缘条（凸缘） flange, cap 盖板cover plate 蒙皮skin 化铣蒙皮c

9、hemical-milled skin 耳片lug 长桁stringer 桁boom；girder 桁板flitch 桁架truss；boom 维护口盖access panel ；access door 加强板doubler 加强肋intercostal；stiffener 接头fitting 板（厚）plate 薄板sheet 条带strap 法兰边flange 加劲件stiffener 环ring 箍buckle；collar；ferrule 箍带；箍圈clamp；clamping ring 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

10、- - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 卡箍keeper；dog；collar；clamp；clip 卡盘cartridge；chuck 卡抓clamping pawl 挡块dog；stop block 挡油板scraper plate 挡油套oil sealing sleeve 挡油圈oil baffle、安全阀relief valve；safety valve 减轻孔lightening hole 工具孔tooling hole 销钉孔pin hole 盲孔blind hole 安装面fitting sur

11、face 安装角setting angle 奥氏体austenite 毛坯blank 铸件casting 锻件forging 锻工blacksmith；smith 棒材bar 管材tubing 钣弯件former 钣金件sheet metal 箔材foil 线材wire 型材section, shape, profile 角材angle 帽型材hat (section) T 型材T-section 工字梁I beam 盘型件pan 机加件machined part 槽型件channel 挤压型材extruded section 剪切角材shear angle 剪切角片shear clip 拉伸

12、角材tension angle 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 机加操作machining operation 精加工finish；finishing；smoothing；burnish；refinement 粗加工roughing；rough finishing 精密加工的precision-machined 车工工艺turnery 车刀turning tool；lathe tool；gad 精车刀fin

13、ishing tool 粗车刀roughing tool；roughing turning tool 粗车rapid rough turning；rough turning 车床lathe；turning lathe；turning machine；turning mill 车工lathe hand；turner 车端面face turning 车螺纹thread cutting；threading 车平面facing；face 车丝刀thread tool 车外圆surface turning 车削turning 车削面turning surface 车锥度taper turning 钳cl

14、ip；tongs；holdfast；clamp；clipper 钳工bench hand ；bench work 钳工车间locksmith s department 铣mill 铣工miller hand；miller 铣床milling machine；mill ；miller 龙门铣床gantry milling machine；planer type milling machine 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 22 页 - - - - - -

15、- - - 7 立式铣床vertical milling machine 立式钻床upright drilling machine 铣键槽keyseat 铣平面face miling 铣切深度milling depth 刨shave；plane 刨床planer 牛头刨shaper 立式牛头刨vertical shaper 龙头刨double housing planer 龙门剪床square shears 刨式铣床planer type miller 刨刀planer tool 刨削plane；planing；gouging 磨；磨削grinding 磨工车间grindery 磨床grind

16、er；grinding machine 磨工grinder 磨工夹具grinding attachment 磨光abrade ；tumbling；grind；grinding；polish；shine 镗（孔）bore；boring 镗床 borer；boring machine 精镗precision boring 镗刀boring cutter 铰孔ream;reaming 铰刀reamer 滚刀hob；hobbing 滚齿机hobbing machine 滚花knurling 滚丝机thread rolling machine 滚轮roller；rolling wheel 滚筒drum；

17、pulley；reel；roll；roller 滚铣hob 滚铣法（齿轮的） generating 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 滚压rolling pressing 滚圆 rolling circle 滚轧roll 退刀纹 ran-out 锻forge；hammering 精锻件precision forging 自由锻件hand forging 模锻件molded forging 坯锻billet 铆

18、接riveting 焊接welding 胶接adhesive bonding 螺接bolting 拼接splice, splicing 对接butt splice 搭接overlap splice 锪平spotfacing 埋头窝countersink 钻孔drilling 铰孔reaming 填角fillet 倒角chamfer 镗孔boring 扩孔counter boring 补钻孔counter drilling 螺栓头bolt head 铆钉头rivet head 镦头upset head 螺纹thread 外螺纹external thread 公制metric system 公制螺

19、纹metric thread 公制锥度；公制退拔metric taper 最小壁厚minimum wall thickness 加强槽beads 内圆角半径fillet radii 弯曲半径bending radii 弯曲线bending line 弯曲角bending angle 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 下陷joggle 滚制波纹beading 成形forming 锉/锉刀file 大螺帽扳手dw

20、ang 方头扳手square spanner 活动扳手adjustable spanner 活口扳手shifting spanner 开口扳手open end spanner 开锁扳手unlocking spanner 套筒扳手box spanner ；socket spanner 刮刀adz；knife；scraper ；scraping cutter ；slicker 刮孔口刀spot faceplate 厚薄规feeler 弧形尺circular scale 虎钳jaw； pliers；vice （vise）尖头钳pointed pliers 卡钳calipers 开口钳open mou

21、th tongs 卡规templet 卡尺calipers；sliding caliper；caliper rule 划窝钻counter sink drill 环孔钻annular auger 定心钻spotter 麻花钻头 twist drill 拉伸tension 拉伸应力tensile stress 压缩compression 压缩应力compression stress 剪切shear 剪切应力shear stress 弯曲bending 弯矩bending moment 扭转torsion 扭矩torque 纵向的longitudinal 横向的transverse, latera

22、l 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 铆钉rivet 抽芯铆钉cherry rivet 无头铆钉slug 实心铆钉solid rivet 销pin 开口销cotter pin 关节销clevis pin 关节销钉knee pin 安装销sheer pin ；installation pin，locating pin 方销square cotter 搭接线jumper 搭铁线Ground connection

23、环槽钉lock bolt 螺栓bolt 锥形螺栓taper-lok, tapered bolt 高锁螺栓Hi-Lock 钉套collar 拉紧螺栓fastening bolt 带孔螺栓eye bolt 垫圈washer 衬套bushing 环形垫圈cupwasher 垫片filler, spacer 薄垫片shim 盖筒cup 螺钉screw 定位螺钉fixing screw 封口螺钉cap screw 定位销钉tommy；dowel 螺桩stud 道钉spike 螺帽；螺母nut 盖螺帽cap nut 托板螺母nut plate 带条螺母nut channel 桶形螺母barrel nut

24、环形螺帽ring nut 后挡螺盖end plate 后挡螺盖锁扣end plate latch 后挡螺盖止动器end plate stop 后挡螺盖止动缺口brake notch of end plate 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 11 后顶针座tailstock 后盖rear end cover 齿轮gear 后齿轮rear gear ；backgear 轴承bearing 滚动轴承rolling

25、bearing 滚珠轴承ball bearing 滚针needle 滚针轴承needle bearing 滑动轴承sliding bearing 径向止推滚珠轴承radial thrust-ball bearing 空气轴承compressed-air bearing 滚珠槽ball slot 滚柱roller 滚柱轴承roller bearing 键dowel；jaw 花键spline 滑键feather 簧杆spring bar 簧片anchor 螺纹抽钉rivnut, blind nut 带套环的螺纹抽钉flushlok bolt 盲紧固件blind fastener 金属metal 金

26、属的metallic 非金属nonmetal 非金属的nonmetallic 合金alloy 高温合金superalloy 镁合金magnesium alloy 铝合金aluminum alloy 钛合金titanium alloy 合金钢alloy steel 碳钢carbon steel 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 11 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 12 结构钢structural steel 不锈钢stainless steel 沉

27、淀硬化不锈钢precipitation-hardening stainless steel 超高强度钢super-high-strength steel 耐腐蚀钢corrosion resistant steel 复合材料composite (material) 先进复合材料advanced composite 蜂窝honeycomb 蜂窝夹芯honeycomb sandwich 蜂窝夹芯结构honeycomb sandwich structure 包铝层Al clad 包铝薄板Al clad sheet 热处理heat treatment 退火anneal 退火处理annealing 淬火q

28、uench/harden ；temper 淬火处理quenching 分级淬火step quench ；stepped quenching 淬冷quenched 正火normalizing 回火temper 回火处理tempering 奥氏回火Austempering 时效aging 人工时效artificial aging 自然时效natural aging 渗氮azotize；nitriding 脱氮denitrogenation 渗碳carburete ； carburetion； cementation ； carburizing； carburization 名师资料总结 - - -

29、精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 12 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 13 过烧over-burning 氢脆hydrogen attack ；hydrogen embrittlementt 表面光饰surface finish 抛光polish 表面光洁度finish 表面粗糙度surface roughness 表面处理surface treatment 涂层coating 喷丸shot peen ；shot blas 镀铬chromium plate 化学铣切ch

30、emical milling 阳极氧化anodize 铬酸阳极氧化chromic acid anodize 硬质阳极氧化hard anodize 硫酸阳极氧化sulfuric acid anodize 阳极氧化处理anodize treatment, anodizing 化学工艺和表面处理chemical processes & finishes 检测inspection 无损探伤non-destructive inspection 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1

31、3 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 14 X 射线检验inspection by x-ray；radioscopy 超声波探伤ultrasonic inspection 磁力探伤magnetic inspection 着色检查penetrant inspection 公差tolerance 偏差deviation 线性公差linear tolerance 角度公差angular tolerance 配合公差tolerance to fit 配合fit 干涉配合interference fit 间隙配合clearance fit 松配合loose fit 紧配合tight

32、fit 径向跳动量（整流子）radial beats 基准线datum line, reference line 机身基准平面fuselage reference plane 机身对称中心线fuselage symmetrical center line 站线station line 站位station 竖线buttock line 水线water line 斜角bevel 硬度hardness 韧性toughness 断裂韧性fracture toughness 磨损abrasion 疲劳fatigue 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - -

33、 - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 14 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 15 挤压强度bearing strength 抗剪强度shearing strength ；resistance to shearing 抗拉强度resistance to tension ；tensile strength 抗压强度compressive strength ；resistance to compression 抗弯强度resistance to bending 抗疲劳强度fatigue resistance 声疲劳acoustic fatigu

34、e 标准工艺装备master tools 工装协调tool coordination 模线lofting 样板template 型架jig 协调coordination 互换性Interchangeability；duplicity 靠模template；explorator；profile 二维图样2D drawing 三维数模3D mathematical model 数学模型mathematical model 数字化样机digital mockup（DMU）数字化预装配digital pre-assembly(DPA) 风洞channel 风洞【空】tunnel 风洞试验wind tu

35、nnel test；blasting 风洞试验室tunnel laboratory 升力系数lift coefficient 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 15 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 16 失速stall；stalling 动平衡dynamic equilibrium 包络线envelope 试飞test flight；test hop 安全系数factor of safety 海拔高度sea level elevation 额定升限

36、rated ceiling 理论升限absolute ceiling；theoretical ceiling 实际升限operating ceiling；service ceiling 额定工作状态rated operation 额定状态rated state 加力状态after burning rating 抖振buffet；buffeting 飞行特技aerobatics ；aerobation 还原动作homing action 巡航速度cruising speed 分速度component of velocity 分频器frequency divider 干扰箔条chaff 表面放电s

37、urface discharge 电致伸缩（反压电效应）Electrostriction 压电效应piezoelectricity 光电效应photoeffect 工时Manhour 斜梁diagonal spar 龙骨梁keel beam 地板梁floor beam 座椅滑轨seat track 吊挂前梁pylon front spar 吊挂后梁pylon rear spar 封闭肋closing rib 辅助梁auxiliary spar 吊挂前缘整流罩pylon leading-edge fairing 吊挂后缘整流罩pylon trailing-edge fairing 名师资料总结

38、- - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 16 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 17 半硬壳式结构semi-monocoque structure 静定结构statically determinant structure 静不定结构 (非静定结构 ) non-statically determinant structure 梁spar, beam, longeron 腹板web 框frame 支架bracket 铰链hinge 缘条（凸缘）flange, cap 盖板c

39、over 蒙皮skin 化铣蒙皮chemical-milled skin 耳片lug 长桁stringer 维护口盖access panel, access door 加强板doubler 加强肋intercostals 隔框bulkhead, frame 型架jig （厚）板plate 薄板sheet 条带strap 法兰边flange 接头fitting 柱column 加劲件stiffener 环ring 减轻孔lightening hole 工具孔tooling hole 销钉孔pin hole 盲孔blind hole 毛坯blank 铸件casting 锻件forging 棒材ba

40、r 管材tubing 钣弯件former 钣金件sheet metal 箔材foil 线材wire 型材section, shape, profile 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 17 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 18 角材angle 帽型材hat (section) T 型材T-section 工字梁I beam 盘型件pan 机加件machined part 槽型件channel 挤压型材extruded section 剪切角材sh

41、ear angle 剪切角片shear clip 拉伸角材tension angle 机加操作machining operation 铆接riveting 焊接welding 胶接adhesive bonding 螺接bolting 拼接splice, splicing 对接butt splice 搭接overlap splice 拉伸tension 拉伸应力tensile stress 压缩compression 压缩应力compression stress 剪切shear 剪切应力shear stress 弯曲bending 弯矩bending moment 扭转torsion 扭矩tor

42、que 纵向的longitudinal 横向的transverse, lateral 螺栓bolt 锥形螺栓taper-lok, tapered bolt 高锁螺栓Hi-Lok 螺桩stud 螺钉screw 钉套collar 轴承bearing 衬套bushing 垫圈washer 垫片filler, spacer 薄垫片shim 螺纹抽钉rivnut, blind nut 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 18 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 1

43、9 销pin 开口销cotter pin 铆钉rivet 抽芯铆钉cherry rivet 无头铆钉slug 实心铆钉solid rivet 环槽钉lock bolt 托板螺母nut plate 盲紧固件blind fastener 带套环的螺纹抽钉flushlok bolt 复合材料composite (material) 先进复合材料advanced composite 蜂窝honeycomb 蜂窝夹芯honeycomb sandwich 蜂窝夹芯结构honeycomb sandwich structure 包铝层alclad 包铝薄板alclad sheet 合金alloy 合金钢all

44、oy steel 碳钢carbon steel 结构钢structural steel 超高强度钢super-high-strength steel 耐腐蚀钢corrosion resistant steel 不锈钢stainless steel 沉淀硬化不锈钢precipitation-hardening stainless steel 高温合金superalloys 镁合金magnesium alloy 铝合金aluminum alloy 钛合金titanium alloy 金属metal 金属的metallic 非金属nonmetal 非金属的nonmetallic 热处理heat tr

45、eatment 表面处理surface treatment 表面光饰surface finish 镀铬chromium plate 退火anneal 退火处理annealing 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 19 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 20 淬火quench 淬火处理quenching 回火temper 回火处理tempering 阳极氧化anodize 铬酸阳极氧化chromic acid anodize 硬质阳极氧化hard an

46、odize 硫酸阳极氧化sulfuric acid anodize 阳极氧化处理anodize treatment, anodizing 化学工艺和表面处理chemical processes & finishes 涂层coating无损探伤non-destructive inspection 超声波探伤ultrasonic inspection 磁力探伤magnetic inspection 着色检查penetrant inspection 化学铣切chemical milling 精锻件precision forging 自由锻件hand forging 模锻件molded forging

47、 填角fillet 倒角chamfer 锪平spotfacing 埋头窝countersink 钻孔drilling 铰孔reaming 镗孔boring 扩孔counterboring 补钻孔counterdrilling 螺栓头bolt head 铆钉头rivet head 镦头upset head 成形forming 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 20 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 21 螺纹thread 外螺纹external thr

48、ead 最小壁厚minimum wall thickness 加强槽beads 内圆角半径fillet radii 弯曲半径bending radii 弯曲线bending line 弯曲角bending angle 下陷joggle 滚制波纹beading 公差tolerance 偏差deviation 线性公差linear tolerance 角度公差angular tolerance 配合fit 干涉配合interference fit 间隙配合clearance fit 紧配合tight fit 松配合loose fit 表面粗糙度surface roughness 基准线datum

49、line, reference line 机身基准平面fuselage reference plane 机身对称中心线fuselage symmetrical center line 站线station line 站位station 竖线buttock line 水线water line 斜角bevel 挤压强度bearing strength 硬度hardness 韧性toughness 断裂韧性fracture toughness 磨损abrasion 疲劳fatigue 声疲劳acoustic fatigue 标准工艺装备master tools 工装协调tool coordinatio

50、n 模线lofting 数学模型mathematical 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 21 页，共 22 页 - - - - - - - - - 22 model 三维数模3D mathematical model 二维图样2D drawing 数字化样机digital mockup（DMU）数字化预装配digital pre-assembly(DPA) 样板template 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - -