2022年高一下英语词组和语法 .pdf

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1、高中英语词汇1.ought to应当，应该2.keep up with跟上，赶上3.plenty of许多，大量的（作定语）4.in plenty许多，丰富（作状语）5.make a choice做出选择6.now and then偶尔，时而7.prepare a dish做一道菜8.a balance diet均衡饮食9.be/go on diet在节食no longer不再10.be based on/upon以, 为基础take medicine吃药11.be harmful to对, 有害12.offer advise about/on提, 的建议13.lose weight减肥14.

2、cut into pieces把, 切碎15.gain weight=put on weight增肥16.make up for补偿17.get along with和, 相处18.put up with忍受19.go for sb对某人也一样20.in large amount大批地21.be short of=be lacking of 缺乏，缺少22.do up one s hair做发型23.refer to查阅，提到24.settle down定下心来，安家落户25.settle up付清，结账26.settle for勉强同意，接受27.settle in（使）习惯（环境等）28.

3、settle on定居（短暂停留）of high/good quality高质量的29.sign an agreement with与, 达成协30.in relation to与, 有关的31.but for要不是32.thanks to由于，幸亏33.apart from除, 之外34.hand down 传下来35.and so on等等36.in ancient time在古代37.go against违背38.guide to（介词）指导39.of (no) effect（无）效40.take effect生效，奏效41.bring/carryinto/to effect实施e/go

4、 into effect开始实施43.depend on/upon 依靠44.That/It (all) depends.这很难说。i.stand for代表45.in condition身体好46.out of condition 身体不好47.on condition that. 如果，条件是48.in/under favorable conditions在有利形势下49.bring in引进，赚钱a)year after year年复一年50.Point out指出51.make use of利用52.tongue twister绕口令a)be on good terms (with s

5、b.)关系好53.drive off开走，击退54.look on as 把, 看作,55.Ahead of 更前，更早56.give sb a hand给某人帮助57.Get through通过，到达58.tear down拆毁59.Hold up 举起60.Intend to do sth打算做某事61.Intend to have done本想做（而没能做）62.Intend for =be intended for 供, 用63.Dress up 打扮，装饰64.in one s opinion依某人之见65.Play a trick on sb开某人玩笑66.take in收容，理解

6、，包含，欺骗67.Be determined to do sth下决心做 ,68.Gift money压岁钱69.fire works鞭炮70.Save money 存钱71.ask for a day off请一天假72.Happen to meet碰巧遇见73.be jealous of sb嫉妒某人74.Believe in信仰75.dress up as装扮成，打扮成76.Do crime 犯罪77.light up照亮78.Do honor to sb=do sb honor礼遇某人，对某人表示敬意79.On purpose=by accident故意地80.care for喜欢，照

7、顾81.Make fool of愚弄82.in other words换句话说83.hope for对, 希望84.seek after追求85.A similar to B A和 B相似86.take on呈现87.Or else或者88.personal affair隐私89.Date back to =date from始于，追溯到90.Appreciate good food欣赏美味91.suit to 使, 适合于,92.Be suit to/for适合于,93.In all direction朝四面八方94.in direction=in direction of朝, 的方向名师资

8、料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 2 95.under the direction of在, 的指导下96.Follow one s directions遵照某人的指示97.Be angry with sb for sth因, 生某人的气98.be likely to很有可能99.make fun of取笑100.No laughing matter不是闹着玩的101.existin 存在于,102.Get into c

9、ontact with sb与某人取得联系103.Make contact with sb与某人联络104.(be) in contact with 与, 有交往105.lose/break contact with与, 失去联系106.go ahead 前进107.be crazy about对, 着迷108.go into details细说109.in detail详细地110.focus on把, 集中于,111.occur to sb使某人突然想到112.fell down感到闷闷不乐113.in a hurry匆忙地114.accept as 认为, 是,i.bring on引发1

10、15.make oneself done使, 被,116.make conversation交谈117.have/hold a conversation with与,交谈118.be in conversation with与, 谈话中119.divideinto.把, 分成,120.ivide between/among把, 分给,121.achieve success获得成功122.an injured look一副受冤的表情123.call on 拜访（某人）a)call at拜访（某地）124.bring back拿回来，使恢复125.day and night日日夜夜地126.pay

11、 off还清127.at most 至多128.a number of许多129.a great deal of许多i.pick out挑出，辨别出130.test on在, 做实验131.be continued 未完待续132.pay back偿还，报复133.sth of good/poor quality质量好的,134.would rather宁愿135.after all毕竟136.be well worth 很值得137.without luck运气不好138.in the hope of doing抱着, 的希望139.bring about引起，导致140.bring up哺

12、育141.belong to sb/sth属于,142.without limit无限地143.run/take a risk冒险144.limitto 把, 限制在,a)at risk处于危险中145.at any risk不顾一切146.at the risk of冒着, 的危险147.to one s sorrow使, 悲伤的是148.than usual 比平常,149.badly off贫穷的150.bear/take one s share of负担, 的部分151.keep at harm s length保持, 的距离152.a total failure一个彻底的失败者153

13、.save the situation收拾局面154.trade in以交方式购入155.trade with从事贸易156.be popular with受, 的欢迎157.culture of mind and body身心修养158.(be)of (no) use有（无）用159.put to use利用160.to one s knowledge 据某人所知161.express oneself表达自己的意思162.tellfrom 把, 和, 分开163.means of transport交通方式164.together with=as well as也165.against to

14、 the wall靠着墙166.without a sound悄无声息地167.pull out把, 拉上来168.not later than不迟于169.get close to接近,170.just as 恰如171.without turning a hair毫不畏惧172.in disorder混乱173.be familiar with 熟悉174.rushed off one s feet忙于工作175.at work忙于工作176.n the go奔波177.go through with 完成178.at one go一口气179.miss one s turn 错过180.

15、be devoted to sb喜欢某人181.to degree 达到, 程度182.succeed in doing sth成功的做了某事183.do about处理 应付184.clear away清除打扫185.go out熄灭186.push open推开187.be up to sb 由某人决定188.tire out筋疲力尽189.not a bit = not at all一点也不190.there is no doubt毫无疑问191.be willing to do = like to do愿意192.a number of 若干，一些193.the rule of con

16、duct行为准则194.charge a pipe给烟斗塞烟195.be charged with充满,名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 196.tear at sth撕扯,197.fastento 把, 拴在, 上198.explain sth to sb = explain to sb sth向某人解释某事199.fasten one s eyes to sb眼睛盯着某人200.in tears哭泣，掉泪2

17、01.end in a tie以平局结束202.in your own words用你自己的话e into use开始使用204.can t help doing忍不住205.stop from doing阻止206.leave sth done 让, 做,207.by choice 出于选择208.for choice要选就选209.ask after sb问候某人210.give away赠出，让出211.set the scene为某事做准备212.full dress盛装213.a pieces of jewellery一件珠宝214.look about/around 警戒215.l

18、ook on旁观216.look through浏览217.look up to尊敬218.act for代理219.act on/upon对, 起作用220.know of听说过221.by chance偶然地222.by mistake由于疏忽223.be in use在使用中224.make a great discovery完成一项重大任务225.bringto use= put to use加以利用226.call sb names谩骂某人227.in the name of以, 的名字228.in change主管229.free of change免费230.at one s o

19、wn change自费231.out of control失去控制232.be particular about对, 挑剔a)knock over撞翻233.lay down one s life献出生命234.a man of name知名人士235.turn in归还，交上236.carry on research进行研究237.take up research开始研究238.act against违反239.speak against发表抨击240.little by little逐渐地241.out of date这时的242.up to date最新式的243.to date 到目前

20、为止put a date to sth注明日期244.set/fix the date确定日期245.keep a date赴约246.go off 出发，爆发（机器等停止）247.go into详细调查248.go by 走过，, 流逝249.go beyond超越250.go about 四处走走，开始251.around the corner即将来临，在拐角处252.die down平息e to terms with甘心忍受254.what else而且255.be about to即将开始256.at the top of one s voice大声地257.self rescue自救

21、258.be mean with对, 吝啬259.take shelter躲避260.work with sb对, 起作用261.smell of闻出, 的味道262.break up弄碎263.hold up阻滞264.a threatening letter恐吓信265.somehow or other设法，想办法266.admire sb as钦佩某人是,267.admire sb for sth 钦佩某人的,268.admire oneself in the mirror照镜子269.rise/come to fame 成名270.opposite to 在, 对面271.to one

22、 s regret 使某人遗憾的是272.be surrounded with/by被, 围绕273.get/gain/take possession of占有，占领274.make up 组成，构成，凑足275.turn to转向，求助于276.go sailing 驾船航行277.go camping宿营e into one s possession被某人占有279.in one s possession=in the possession of sb被某人据有280.(be) in possession of持有，拥有281. 零 散 记 忆282.only+ 介词短语 ( 方式状语 )

23、+ 倒装句283.e.g.: Only in this way will we be ready for the284.the only/just/very/first + n.+ that(who)+定从285. 当 n. 为物时只用that, 当 n. 为人时只用who。286.be of + 抽象名词，表“具有 , ”287.begin to do 和 begin doing a)一般情况下意思相同，但 1 ）begin为现在进行时时；288.2 ）当 begin 后为 think,realise等类词时，只用 to do 。289.Make it (F.O) +adj+to do st

24、h. 290.To,on,in 在表方位时：a)on 表接壤 2 ）in在范围之内 3 ）to 不接壤291.7 、 hope: 1)+that-clause 2)+to do 3)+for sth 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 292.a/the way (that) +定语从句293.to do 和 v-ing 做主语和宾语：294.to do一次性和具体性；v-ing表经常性延续性295.so tha

25、t “ 如此, 以致于,” 引导结果状从句。296.So部分放在句首时，句子要倒装297. 比较：sothat 和 suchthat 的句型构成a)so+adj./adv.+thatsuch+a(n)+adj.+n.+thatb)such+adj.+U.C.N.+that298.such+n.(pl.)+that299.with+ 宾+宾补（形容词、 介词短语、 副词、分词、不定式） ，在句中状语或定语300.12 、a great many+n.(pl.),当此名词前有限定词如the ,these,those等，则用a great many of 301.13 、系表结构 stay+adj.

26、 一直保持某种状态302.14 、only to do sth 这一结构常作结果状语，用以指随即发生的意料之外的事，有“反而，却”之意。303.15 、 advise(n. advice) “建议，忠告”304.1）advise+n./pron. 2)advise sb. (not) to do sth305.3)advise doing sth 4)advise sb.+clause(虚拟语气 ) 306.16 、the reason 与 for连用表语从句只用 that引导307.17 、used to: 1.used not to + 动 词 原 形=usednt to+动词原形308.

27、did not use to+动词原形=didn t use to+ 动词原形1.used+主+to+ 动词原形2.did+ 主+use to+ 动词原形i.It seems to that 309.18 、seem It seems as if/thoughi.There seems (to be) 310.19 、Seem,that和 appear 311. 三词后均可加形容词、副词、分词等；312.appear,seem后可接 to do ,而 look 后只加 to be 313.look后只可接 as if引导的从句，不能接that 从句i.20、accept 314. n./pro

28、n 接受,1.sb/sth+as+n./adj.把 ,视为，接受 ,2.that-clause 承认315.21 、worth 与 worthy 1. n.值多少钱of sth值得，配得上316.be worth+ be worthy + of being 值得做a)doing 值得的to be done值得做317.22 、 a.have sb doing 使某人做某事，表动作一直进行i.b.have sb do 使某人做某事，表动作完成或可能发生ii.c.have sth to do 有某事要做，have 意为“有，拥有”iii.d. have sth done 使某事被做，done 表被

29、动动作318.23 、表“许多大量”的几个词组：i.a great/good many b)a large/great/good number of +可数名词i.a good few/quite few ii.many a iii.a great/good deal of iv.a large/great amount of +不可数名词v.quite a little vi.a lot of/lots of vii.a large/great quantity of +可数名词或viii.large quantities of 不可数名词ix.plenty of x.24、keep doi

30、ng sth.一直干，后跟状态性动词1.keep on doing sth.反 复干, ，强调动作的重复xi.25、It isfor sb to do sth 1.It isthat-clause xii.26、happen xiii.主（人） +happens+to do xiv.It(形 主 ) + （ so ） happen +that-clause xv.27、allow(vt.) xvi.a. allow+ 名/ 形 b. allow+含有不定式的复合宾语xvii.c. allow+动 名 词d. allow+sb.+介词短语 / 副词xviii.28、连系动词的分类：1.变化类：b

31、ecome,go,get,grow,fall,turn ect. 2.感官类：fell,smell,taste,look,sound ect. 3.显现类： appear,seem,look ect. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 4.状态类：keep,stay,come,stand ect. xix.29、though 相当于 however ,用于句末。xx.30、动词 +to 构成的短语：xxi.lo

32、ok forward to盼 望 ,turn to求助于，转向xxii.pay attention to 注意 stick to 坚持xxiii.get down to开始 认干object to反对xxiv.belong to属于 refer to涉及，谈到xxv.point to 指向 see to 处理，料理e to 共计，苏醒 reply to 答复xxvii.agree to同意 add to 增加c)devote to 贡献,给,compareto 把, 比作,语法重难点集汇319. 主谓一致a)主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。一个句子中主谓一致，通常指三个基

33、本原则：语法一致， 即形式上一致； 概念一致，即概念或意念上的一致；毗邻一致，即谓语动词的形式与邻近的名词一致。b)语法一致原则i.在通常情况下，一个句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。即主语为单数形式，谓语也为单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语也为复数形式。如：1.This exercise on English idioms is not easy. 这个英语短语练习不容易。ii.在“there be”结构中， “be”的单复数取决与后面主语的数.如：1.There has been little change in this city.这个城市没有多少变化。iii.3、 “one of”结

34、构，位于用单数，“two of ”结构位于用复数iv.One of the things I want to do is traveling. 我想做的一件事是去旅行。v.Two of the boys have lost their way home.有两个男孩回家迷路了。vi.倒装句的主语在谓语之后，避免误用。1.Never before has she been to Paris!她以前从未去过巴黎。c)概念一致i.主语是抽象概念、短语或从句，谓语用单数形式。如：ii.To tell lies is wrong.说谎是不正确的。（不定式做主语）iii.Keeping the house

35、is a tiring job.管 理家务 是一件很劳累的 事。（动名词做主语）iv.How this happened is not clear to anyone.(从句做主语 ) v.注意：320. 用 what 或 which 引导的主语从句或简单句中的数的概念取决于后面的表语，因为它们在逻辑上的意义是相同的。如：1.Which is your seat? 你的座位是哪一个？a)Which are your seats?你们的座位是哪些？321. 单个的分词作主语，不定式作主语，以及主语从句，谓语都用单数，若用连接上述的相同两个成分，谓语才用复数。i.两个或两个以上的主语用and 和b

36、oth 连接时，谓语用复数形式。ii.and 连接的并列主语指同一人或同一样东西， and 后的名词前没有冠词，谓语用单数；若有，则用复数。如：1.My best friend and adviser has changed his mind again.我的密友兼顾问又改变他的想法了。2.My friend and the student Sue are in the classroom.我的朋友和那位叫苏的同学在教室里。b)若 and 后面加 not,谓语用单数。如：i.Lilei,and not I, has won the game.是Lilei 赢了比赛， 而不是我。c)用 and

37、连 接 的 单数 主 语， 前 面 有each,every,many a,no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。d)复数主语前加each,谓语仍用复数。e)no 后面名词为单数，谓语用单数； 后为复数，谓语用复数。f)毗邻一致1.由not only but also,neithernor ,eitheror ,or 连接的并列主语， 在肯定句中谓语变化取决于后面的饿主语，在疑问句中名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 取决

38、于前面的主语。如；2.Either he or I am mistaken. 他和我都没错。3.Either he or you are to go there.不是他就是你要到那儿去。g)（详见高一下册P155P156）322. 虚拟语气1.虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不是事实。虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语动词的特殊形式来表现的，因此，掌握虚拟语气中的各种谓语动词的形式变化，是掌握虚拟语气的关键。b)虚拟语气在简单句中的用法1.虚拟语气用于简单句中，一般表示祝愿、命令等。谓语动词要用原形。c)虚拟语气在主从复合句中的用法1.在状语从句中的用法ii.条件句中的用法iii.虚拟语气

39、的条件句是用谓语动词的特殊形式来表现与现在、过去事实相反的情况或对将来发生的情况表示怀疑，和直陈语气条件句中的谓语动词形式以及表达的含义完全不同。虚拟语气条件句中所用的谓语动词的过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时等，只表示不同的虚拟语气，和直陈语气的过去时、过去完成时、过去将来时等毫无关系。iv.现将虚拟语气的各种具体形式和用法分述如下；a)表示 与现在事实相反的情况d)形式323. 条 件 从 句 的 动 词形式324. 主 句 的 动词形式325. If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+ 行为动词的过去式（be 的过去式一般用 were）326. I (we) should

40、 327. You (he,she , +动词原形或：328. they,it ) would 329. 所 有 人 称+might(could)+ 动词原形330. 用法：a)If I had more time, I should study German.(fact:I have no more time, so I shall not study German. ) b)If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.(fact:she is very busy, so she will not

41、attend the meeting this afternoon.) c)If they didn t take physical exercises every day, they wouldn t be so healthy.(fact: they take physical exercises every day, so they are very healthy.) a)表示 与过去誓死相反的情况d)形式；331. 条件从句的动词形式332. 主 句 的 动 词 形式333. If I 334. I (we) should (we,you,he,she,it,they)+had+过去

42、分词335. You (he,she , +have+ 过 去 分词或：336. they,it ) would 337. 所有人称+could(might)+have+过去分词338. 用法：a)I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday s examination.(fact:I had no more time at yesterdays exam, so I didn t check my paper again) b)You would have already recovered f

43、rom his illness if he had seen the doctor in good time.(fact: He didn t see the doctor in good time ,so he hasn t recovered from his illness ) a)表示 与将来事实相反的情况339. 形式：340. 条件从句的动词形式341. 主句的动词形式342. If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+行为动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）通常要与一个表将来的时间的状语连用343. If (we,you,he,she,it,they)+sh

44、ould 344. +动词原形345. c. If I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+were to+动词原形346. I (we) should 347. You would 形或：348. he(she,it ) would 349. they would 350. I (we,you,he,she,it,they)+动词原形351. 用法：a)If it rains tomorrow, our picnic will be 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - -

45、- - 第 6 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - - 7 put off.(The weather has been changeable these days.) b)If it rained tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.( The weather has beenvery good these days.) c)If it should rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off.(That would be out of our expectation.) d)If it were t

46、o rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. (条件从句谓语动词用 were to +动词原形，表示下雨的可能性极小。 Were to rain 和 should rain 都表示“出乎意料之外” ， 但 were to 加强表示 “当初没想到以后的事”) 352. 混合时间条件句的用法：i.有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致。这时动词的形式，应根据它所要表达的具体时间来决定用什么形式。b)If she hadnt trained so hard, she wouldn t be run so fast.（从句叙述过去，主句叙述现在。 ）

47、i.（fact: she has trained very hard, so she would able to run fast.）ii.You would speak English well enough if you had practised reading and speaking it every day.(主句叙述现在，从句叙述过去) iii.（fact: You didnt practice (hasnt practiced ) reading and speaking it every day, so you cant speak English well enough.

48、）iv.在其他状语从句中的用法c)主要用于由as if (as though) 引导的比较状语从句，从句中谓语动词一般用“动词的过去式（be 变 were ）或had +过去分词。”i.如：ii.She looked as if she were ill.( 实际上她没有病，在这里用虚拟语气补语比喻她精神不佳) iii.Xiao Liu speaks English so well as if he had studied in England.( 这里用虚拟语气表现他的英语说得好 ) iv.（2） 、在主语从句中的用法：v.通常由形式主语it 引出的主语从句来表达。主语从句中，谓语动词用“

49、should+动词原形”；表示“必要” “重要” “奇怪” 等意思。vi.It is necessary that you should clean the workshop after work. 下班后你必须清扫车间。vii.It is important that we should ask advice of other people about our work. 在工作中， 征求别人的意见是很重要的。353. 在宾语从句中的用法（详见高一上学期英语语法重难点集汇 ）1.名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 7 页 - - - - - - - - -