2022年高二英语Unit知识点 .pdf

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1、1 Unit5 Travelling abroad Period 1 Words learning 1. recommend vt. 推荐，介绍recommend sb. sth. =recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物recommend sb. as/for推荐某人当recommend sth. for (doing) sth. 介绍做某事的方法Can you recommend a good dictionary to me? We recommend you as our manager. What would you recommend for the ink s

2、tains? . 建议，劝告recommend doing sth. 建议做recommend sb. to do sth. 建议某人做. recommend that 从句（从句虚拟，要用“should do ”结构）建议It is recommended that (should) do 据建议I recommend buying this dictionary. The doctor recommended his patients to go out for a walk. The teacher recommended that everyone (should) take an a

3、ctive part in the English Party. It is recommended that we should go for a holiday every month. 拓展延伸：recommendation n. 推荐，介绍（信） ；劝告，建议on ones recommendation 经某人介绍follow one s recommendation 听从某人的劝告recommendation(s) for 的推荐即学即练：I recommended _. ( 你先见见他 ) She _( 获大力推荐担任做这个职务). 2. comfort . vt.安慰，慰藉com

4、fort sb. with 以安慰某人；以使某人舒适comfort sb. for sth. 因某事安慰某人The old lady often comforts those who are in trouble. The mother comforted the crying child with an ice cream. He comforted the boy for being scolded by the teacher. . 【 U.】安逸，舒适，安慰give comfort to sb. 安慰某人take/have/find comfort in 从中得到安慰His kindn

5、ess gave her much comfort. He had to save enough money so that he could live in comfort. . 【 C.】使人得到慰藉的人或物You are a great comfort to your parents. It is a comfort to know that she is safe. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 2

6、拓展延伸：comfortable adj. 安乐的，舒适的，令人感到安慰的，充裕的，惬意的be comfortable about/with 对某事感到轻松/惬意即学即练：这消息给我们大家带来了安慰。_ The hotel has _( 所有现代化的舒适设施). 3. substitute . vt.用代替 / 替换substitute A for B= substitute B with A 用 A 代替 B substitute for sb./sth. 代替某人 /物He was ill and I substitute hor him this class. Fish can be s

7、ubstituted with meat in the recipe. . n.代替者，代用品; The manager was unable to attend but sent his deputy as a substitute. This type of vinyl is a poor substitute for leather. 即学即练：Can I _( 用牛奶代替奶油)？You can use honey _(作为糖的替代品). 4. acknowledge vt. 承认；确认；答谢acknowledge sb./sth. 感谢 /承认 /认可某人 /某物acknowledge

8、 doing sth. 承认做了某事acknowledge that承认acknowledge sth./sb. to be/as 承认某事 /某人是acknowledge sb./sth. with sth. 以/用对某人 /物表示感谢It is universally/generally acknowledged that 是大家公认的We acknowledged the need of reform. They acknowledged having been defeated at last. He gradually acknowledged that he had made a

9、mistake. She is acknowledged as/to be an expert on the subject. Mary acknowledged the gift with a letter. It is universally acknowledged that Taiwan is a part of China. 拓展延伸：acknowledgement n. 承认，感谢in acknowledgement of 以感谢即学即练：With the depressed economy, the government _( 承认有改革的必要). The old couple

10、_( 用家里最值钱的东西感谢红军). 易混辨析：acknowledge, admit, recognize 这三个词均有“承认”之意。acknowledge 着重“公开承认”，常用于过去隐瞒或曾经否认过的事。With so much evidence against him, he could not but acknowledge his error. admit 常暗示外界压力，“不情愿”的意味比acknowledge 强，有时含有“笼统地承认名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - -

11、- - 第 2 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 3 某一事实，但对如何解释这一事实还有保留”的意思。This man admits that his motive is profits. recognize 指正式承认主权，权力等。The US has not recognized the Cuban government since 1961. 5. occupy vt. 占用，占领，占据occupy in (doing) sth. occupy with sth 使忙于（做）某事be occupied with sth be occupied in (dong) st

12、h 忙于（做）某事He occupied himself in collecting stamps. =He was occupied in collecting stamps. I have been so occupied with work that I haven t had for social activities. Many problems occupied his mind. 拓展延伸：表示“忙于做某事”的词组有：be busy (in) doing sth/with sth. engage oneself in (doing ) sth.=be engaged sth. 即

13、学即练：He _( 忙于粉刷 )his new house all day. Her time_( 全部都用在 )her three children. 6. deserve v. (不用于进行时态)应受（奖赏特殊待遇等） ；应得 .值得. deserve sth 应得值得deserve to do sth 应该做 .值得做 . deserve to be done=deserve doing 该受 ,应受She deserves a reward for her efforts. The team deserves to win. He deserves to be locked up fo

14、r ever for what he did. =He deserves locking up for ever for what he did. 即学即练：The article _( 值得仔细研究 ). They _( 应该入狱 ). 拓展延伸：deserve well/ill of sb. 应受到某人好的/坏的待遇One good turn deserves another. 以德报德7. abundant adj. 丰富的，充裕的be abundant in= be rich in 富有 /于The farmers had an abundant year. The region is

15、 abundant in wildlife. 拓展延伸：abundance n. 大量，丰富，充裕in abundance 大量，丰足an abundance of 大量的即学即练：The country _( 富有 ) natural resources. 8. apology n.道歉名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 4 make/offer an apology 接受 /拒绝 .道歉 . I made an

16、 apology to him for misunderstanding his and he accepted it. 拓展延伸：apologize v 道歉 .辩解apologize to sb. for sth. 为某事而向某人道歉. 即学即练：Marge should_( 为看女儿的日记而向女儿道歉) 9. parallel adj. 平行的，相同的，类似的，n.平行线 . be/run parallel to/with sth. 与某物平行 /类似be without/have no parallel with the railway.无可匹敌 . My opinion is par

17、allel with the railway. The war was a unique event, without parallel to each other. Period Phrases learning1. adjust to 适应 , 调节adjust (oneself) to 使（某人）适应. 同义词组： adapt/accommodate (oneself) to(to 为介词 ) adjust for因而调整. Adjusting to the weather there was more difficult than they had expected. The plan

18、 has been adjusted for the climate. I have made a few adjustments to the camera.即学即练：My eyes_( 适应黑暗 )when the house was locked out by a power failure. 2. keep it up 保持优秀成绩 .一直干下去 .与 keep up 有关的其它词组. keep up 保持 .（指雨 ,雪,好天气等）持续不停；沿袭古老的风俗.传统 . Lets hope the sunny weather keeps up for Saturdays match. T

19、he high cost of raw materials is keeping prices up. Does your village still keep up the old customs? keep up with sb/sth.跟上某事或某物，与某人或某物同步前进。保持与某人的联系。I cant keep up aith all the changes in computer technology. 计算机技术的各种改进有些我已跟不上。How many of your old school friends do you keep up with? 你与多少老同学保持联系？拓展延伸

20、：keep ones head/temper 保持冷静 /强压怒火keep a school/a family/a diary 开办学校 /养家糊口 /写日记keep away from 避开不接近keep an eye on照看 .密切 .注视 .提示 . keep to sth. 保守 .坚持 .坚守 .不违背（诺言 .计划等）即学即练：If only_( 他能坚持不懈 )，he could break the world record. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - -

21、- 第 4 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 5 Youre making progress;_( 坚持下去 ).3. fit in (with)相融合，相处融洽. I dont think she can fit in with others. I wasnt sure if she would fit in with my friends.相适应 . Surroundings are important thing for animals. If they can t fit in well, they will die out. Do these plans fit

22、in with your arrangement? 拓展延伸：be fit for/to do sth 适合做某事胜任做某事keep fit 保持健康即学即练：We should_(适应 )the changed situation. She_(相处不好 )her classmates. 4.out of the question 不可能的，不值得讨论的. It is out of the question for us to buy a few flat now since market is still In low without your help, finishing the tas

23、k ahead of time would be out of the question. 拓展延伸：out of question 毫无疑问的，没有问题办得到的. without question 毫无疑问 . in question 正被讨论的，讨论中的. 即学即练：He is_ （无疑） the top student in his class. Another trip abroad this year is_( 不可能的 ). 5. settle in （迁入新居，更换工作后）安顿下来. I havent yet settled in at my new job. She didn

24、t settle in London until graduation from Cambridge university. 拓展延伸：settle down 定居过安定的生活. settle sb. down （使某人）安静下来，平静下来. settle down to sth. 安下心来做某事. settle into sth. 对适应，习惯于. 即学即练：They would like to_( 安顿下来 ). The Dutch_( 在安家落户 )south Africa. 6.as far as one is concerned 就而言 . As far as I am concer

25、ned I cant object to your marriage. As far English is concerned he is the best in our class. 即学即练：_(就我而言 )，I completely support your idea. _( 就这项规则来说)no one can find out where it comes. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 6 Per

26、iod Exercises.单词拼写1.Life can be compared to a journey with an unknown d_. 2.The railway lines run p_ to the road,so they will never meet. 3.The doctor strongly r_ that Mr. smith take a holiday. 4.We s_ a red ball for the blue one to see if the baby would notice. 5.The students return in October for

27、the start of the new a_ year. 6.The government was forced to a_ that its policy had failed. 7.The new computer system will meet all our r_. 8.When in trouble, I looked to my family for c_. 9.Reading o_ most of my free time. 10. You must not be g_ by what other people say.11. . 单项填空1. I _ to be quite

28、 afraid to live in that city, but now I have _ to the life there. A. was used; got used B. used; used C. got used; been used D. used; got used 2. Wilma became the first American women to win three Olympic gold medals in the track, _ made her mother very proud. A. it B. that C. which D. this 3. It is

29、 very common that former soldiers have difficult in _ civilian life. A. sticking to B. relating to C. adjusting to D. connecting to 4. I was given three books on sewing, the first _ I really enjoyed. A. that B. which C. of which D. of that 5. -Dad, I have won the first prize in the English competiti

30、on. -Congratulations _and get prepared for studying abroad. A. all the best B. keep it up C. never mind D. take it easy 6. It is clearly _in the instruction that this machine should be checked every year. A. recommended B. desired C. spoken D. adopted 7. Nothing can _for the advice my teacher gave m

31、e, which is valuable to my work. A. substitute B. change C. abandon D. guarantee 8. With videophone we can hold seminar at home in _ rather than smoky meeting room. A. return B. peace C. charge D. comfort 9. Professor Edward is widely _ as the best tutor in teaching the students how to revise essays

32、. A. appointed B. concluded C. announced D. acknowledged 10. -If you have adequate evidence, you can _what others said -I agree with you. A. entertain B, convince C. preserve D. contradict . 完成句子。1.身体很快适应温度的变化。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 13 页

33、 - - - - - - - - - 7 The body quickly _ change in temperature. 2.只要他坚持不懈，就能打破世界纪录。If only he could _, he would _ the world _. 3.我们必须与时俱进。Its necessary for us to _ with the times. 4.就他而言，他很满意你的答案。_he was satisfied with your answer. 5.我相信你会适应乡间的生活。Im sure that you will _ country life. 6. 请继续干下去，你会成功的。

34、Please keep it up and you will succeed. 7. 由于在农村长大，他发现很难适应城市里的生活。Having grown in the countryside, he found it hard to _ the city life. 8. 她如此习惯了听轻音乐以至于轻音乐成了她生活中永恒的伙伴。She has _light music that it has become a constant companion of her life. 9. 就我而言 , 在国外学习结束后你该回来。 _, you should come back after you fi

35、nish your study abroad. 10. 建议在一切准备就绪后再开始这一项目。It is recommended that _ until all the preparations have been made. 11From the guest house，you can explore the jungle _. ( 在当地向导的陪同下)12If there is_ (充足的证据 ) of his guilt，he will be sentenced to death. 13 He gradually _( 承认他犯错误了)14It is _ that _ (困难不仅是在学习

36、方面)15I recommended that _ (你先看这本书再看电影)16_ (大家公认的) that he is a stubborn leader. Period . Grammar 使用定语从句应注意的几个问题1定语从句的主谓一致关系代词作从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数要与先行词保持一致，先行词是句子时，从句的谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 8 The recor

37、der that has been given to me is home-made. 给我的那台录音机是国产的。I，who am your classmate，will share the work with you. 我是你的同学，要和你分担这项工作。注意： “one of复数名词 ”位于关系代词前作先行词时，从句的动词通常用复数形式，但当 one 前有 the (only)，the (very)等修饰时，从句的谓语动词要用单数形式。He is one of the students who have made great progress. 他是取得很大进步的学生之一。Mr. Wang

38、is the (only) one of my friends who has been invited to have dinner with us. 王先生是惟一被请来和我们共进晚餐的我的一个朋友。2双重限制性定语从句一个先行词同时被两个限制性定语从句修饰。She is the only girl I know who can dance. 她是我认识的惟一会跳舞的女孩。3使用关系代词还是关系副词关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用。因此，同样的先行词，由于在从句中担任的逻辑作用不同，须用不同的关系词去代替它，尤其是一些表示时间或地点的先行词。This is the place wh

39、ere he works.(关系词作状语in the place，因此用 where)这是他工作的地方。This is the place that/which we visited last month.(关系词作宾语，因此用that 或which)这是我们上个月参观过的地方。I often think of the days that I spent in Browns last summer. 我时常回忆起去年夏天在布朗家度过的那段时光。I ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. 我永远也不会忘记第一次到北京的那一天。4

40、that 代替关系副词在口语或非正式场合，that 可代替关系副词，且常可省略。This is the place (that) he works.( where) 这是他工作的地方。This was the time (that) he arrived.( when) 这是他到达的时间。This is the reason (that) he came. 这是他来的原因。尤其是当先行词是way 时，关系词通常用that 或不用任何关系词，这里应当注意的是 how 不能用作关系副词引导定语从句。This is the way (that/in which) he did it. 他就是这样做的

41、。5关系词的省略关系词可以省略，但这只限于限制性定语从句中，在非限制性定语从句中，关系词则不可省略。关系词省略主要限于以下几个方面：(1)关系代词作宾语时的省略。当关系代词who，whom，which 和 that 在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时，可以省略。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 9 Is there anything (that) you want? 想要什么东西吗？Who is

42、 the man (that，who，whom) you were talking to just now? 刚才和你讲话的人是谁？(2)关系代词作表语时的省略。当关系代词that 在定语从句中用作表语时，可以省略。China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不是过去的中国了。(that 作表语 ) (3)关系代词作宾补时的省略。当关系代词that 在定语从句中用作宾语补足语时，可以省略。I m not the mad man (that) you thought me. 我并不是你所认为的那个疯子。(that 作宾语补足语 ) (4)关系代词作主语时

43、的省略。一般说来，关系代词作主语时是不能省略的，但是在以下三种特殊情况下，也可省略。当定语从句为there be 结构时，作主语的that 可以省略。I ve told you all (that) there is to tell. 该告诉的我都告诉你了。当主句为there be结构时，在定语从句中作主语的that，which，who 有时可省略。There s a gentleman (who) wants to see you. 有一位先生要见您。当主句为it is，here is 结构时，在定语从句中作主语的that 有时可省略。Here s a little book (that)

44、will tell you how to raise roses. 这是一本关于玫瑰花栽培的小册子。(5)关系副词when 的省略。用作时间状语的关系副词when 通常不能省略。但有一种特殊情况，即用于day， year，time 等少数几个词后时可以省略(也可换成that)。That was the year (that) I first went abroad. 就是那一年我第一次出国了。I ll never forget the day (that) we met. 我永远也忘不了我们见面的那一天。(6)关系副词where 的省略。用作地点状语的关系副词where 通常不能省略，但有一种

45、特殊情况，即用于place，somewhere，anywhere，everywhere，nowhere 少数几个词后时可以省略 (也可换成that)。This is the place (where) they met yesterday. 这就是他们昨天碰头的地方。Have you somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour? 你有没有一个什么地方可以让我躺一个小时？(7)关系副词why 的省略。关系副词why 通常只用于the reason 后引导定语从句，且通常可换成that 或 for which ，均可省略。That s the reaso

46、n (why，for which ，that) he came. 这就是他来的原因。6关于 “介词关系代词”介词后跟有关系代词时要注意，此时的关系代词虽然用作介词的宾语，但不能省略，可以是which，但不能是that。另外，某些表示时间、地点或原因的“介词关系代词”结构可以与相应的关系副词when，where，why 互换。名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 13 页 - - - - - - - - - 10 This is the pan in which

47、I boiled the milk. 这是我煮牛奶的锅。I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss music. 我想找一个能和我谈音乐的人。The documents for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们寻找的文件已经找到了。These are the reasons for which (why) we do it. 这些就是我们这样做的理由。The period in which (when) man learnt to make tools of iron i

48、s called the Iron Age. 人类学会制造铁器的时期称为铁器时代。7包括先行词与关系词的引导词有些从句中的“引导词”既包括先行词也包括关系词。What he saw gave him a little fright. 他看到的情况使他有点害怕。句中的 what 引导的是主语从句，不是定语从句。但若作进一步分析，这里的what 可分解为“先行词关系代词”，也就是说，what he saw 可分解为 the thing that he saw。They eat whatever they can find. 他们找到什么就吃什么。句中的whatever 引导的是宾语从句，不是定语从

49、句。但若作进一步分析，这里的whatever 可分解为“先行词关系代词”，也就是，whatever they can find 可分解为anything that they can find 。Whoever wants it may have it. 谁想要它都可拿去。句中的whoever 引导的是主语从句，不是定语从句。但若作进一步分析，这里的whoever 可分解为“先行词关系代词”，也就是说，whoever wants it 可分解为anyone who wants it 。8定语从句与并列句有的考题为了增加难度和试题的灵活性，通常将定语从句与并列句结合起来考查，此时同学们要特别注意句

50、中是否有并列连词and，but 等。比较：(1)He has two children ，and both of _ are abroad. Athem Bwhich Cwhom Dwho (2)He was two children ， both of _ are abroad. Athem Bwhich Cwhom Dwho 第(1)题选A，第 (2)题选C。由于第 (1)题中用了并列连词and，从而使整个句子为并列句， and 后应是一个独立的简单句，所以选A 不选 C；第(2)题没有并列连词and，both of whom are abroad 为非限制性定语从句。另外，请比较下面一题