2022年人教版新目标英语八年级下册第一单元知识点,推荐文档 .pdf

《2022年人教版新目标英语八年级下册第一单元知识点,推荐文档 .pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2022年人教版新目标英语八年级下册第一单元知识点,推荐文档 .pdf（29页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、U1 What s the matter 知识点第1页 共 29 页Section A 1. What s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？【解析】 matter/ m?t ?(r) /n. 问题；事情What s the matter with you?= Whats the trouble with you?= What s wrong with you?你怎么了？【注】 ： matter 和 trouble 为名词，其前可加 the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the 【2013自贡 3】18. What s the matter _ Tom. H

2、e is wet through. His car ran _ the river. A.with; in B.to; into C.with; into 【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词 with 连用。即：What s the matter with sb.? = What s your trouble? = What s up? = What happens to sb.? What s the matter with you ? I have a bad cold. ( ) What s _ with you? A. trouble B. t

3、he matter C. the wrong D. matter ( ) _? Nothing serious , but a bit tired. Better have a rest now, dear. A. Is that all B. Is there anything else C. What s this D. What s the matter with you 【2013湖北孝感】 _? I have a headache and I don t feel like eating anything. A. How are you B. What can I do for yo

4、u C. What s the matter with you D. How do you like it 【2011云南昆明】 27. What s the matter with Tina? _. A. She is away. B. She is cool. C. She has a sore throat. D. She should take some medicine 【拓展】 matter 的用法(1) It doesnt matter 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语）( ) I m sorry to break your pen. _ A. That s right B.

5、It doesnt matter C. Thank you 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 1 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第2页 共 29 页【2013江苏徐州】 3. Please dont throw paper on the ground. _，I wont. A. Excuse me B. Thats all right C. Sorry D. It doesnt matter 【20

6、13黑龙江齐齐哈尔】 17.I have a pain in my back. _ . You d better see a doctor.A. I m sorry to hear that B. Nothing serious C. It doesnt matter【2013湖北武汉】 39. I m very sorry. I broke your tea cup. _. A. It doesnt matter B. You d better not C. Take it easy D. Its too bad 【2013四川广安】 26Sorry, Im late again _. AT

7、hat s OK BIt doesnt matter CGood idea (2) as a matter of fact= in fact 事实上 , 实际上2. I have a cold 我感冒了I have a stomachache 我患胃痛I have a sore back. 我背痛。【解析 1】have a cold 受凉 ;感冒have a/an + 疾病名词“患 病” (cold/fever/cough) have a sore throat 患喉咙痛have a sore back 患背痛have a fever 发烧have a cold =catch a cold 患

8、感冒have a stomachache 患胃痛have a toothache 患牙痛have a headache 患头痛have a backache 患背痛Mikes sister _(not have) a stomachache. 【2012曲靖中考】 I didn t sleep well last night, because I _ a toothache . A. was B. went C. had D. took 【2013山东莱芜】 Tony, What s _ matter with you? I have _ toothache. A. a; the B. the

9、; a C. /; the D. the; / 【解析 2】back n 背；背部at the back of.在.的后面go/come back 返回give back 归还【解析 3】3. hand n 手 hand in hand 手拉手V 交给；传递hand in 上交hand on 依次传递hand out 分发名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 2 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第3页 共

10、 29 页4. She talked too much yesterday and didn t drink enough water. 她昨天说话太多了并且没有喝足够的水。【解析 1】too much/too many/much too 短语含义用法例句too much 太多后接不可数名词There is too much rain these days 修饰动词，放在动词之后Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. too many 太多后接可数名词复数There are too many things for me to do every da

11、y. much too 太修饰形容词或副词It s much too cold in winter. ( ) Mr. Smith eats _ food, so he s _ fat.A .much too; too much B .too many; much too C. too much; too much D. too much ;much too 【2013孝感】 Why are you so tired these days? Well, I have _ homework to do. A. too much B. too many C. much too D. many too

12、 【2013广西玉林】The meat is _ delicious. Yes, but don t eat _. A. too much; too much B. much too; too much C. too much ; much too D. much too; much too 【解析 2】enough 的用法(1) adj.足够的，充分的修饰名词时，可放在名词之前或之后enough time (2) adv. “ 足够地，十分，相当 ”修饰 adj./adv,放在 adj./adv 后 expensive enough (3) be +adj. +enough to do st

13、h be strong enough to carry the box. ( ) The boy isn t _ to dress himself. A. old enough B. enough old C. old ( ) What do you think of the lecture of Li Yang s Crazy English? I think its _ , but someone thinks it s much too _. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful; enou

14、gh; boring D. enough wonderful ; bored 【2013绥化 3】26. How do you like the talk show? I think it s _, but some people think it s so_. A. wonderful enough; bored B. enough wonderful; boring C. wonderful enough; boring 5. drink some hot tea with honey. 喝一些加蜂蜜的热茶。【解析】 with ：prep “具有， 带有” , 表示某物带有或具有某种特征。

15、名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 3 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第4页 共 29 页She is a girl with long hair. with （反） without ( ) He has a sore throat . He should _. A. see a dentist B. drink hot tea with honey C. drink a lot of milk D.

16、 eat nothing 【2010宁夏 1】25. Would you like some coffee? Yes, and please get me some milk. I prefer coffee _ milk. A. with B. to C. of D. on 【2013达州 3】15. Which would you prefer, coffee or orange juice? Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _milk in it. A.are, with B. is, to C .is, with D. are, to 【2013连云港

17、】 30. Id like a cup of black coffee. What about you, Maggie? I prefer coffee _ sugar. A. than B. for C. with D. to prep. 和.一起I like to talk freely with my friends. prep 用.， 表示“使用某种工具”Cut it with a knife. 6. see a dentist and get an x- ray. 看牙医并且拍张x 光。【解析 1】see a dentist = go to a dentist 看牙医see a do

18、ctor = go to a doctor 看医生【解析 2】X-ray/eks rei/n. X 射线； X 光【2011湖南湘西】 You are ill. You had better _ the doctor right now. A. look at B. see C. watch 【2012四川成都】 33. Where did you go yesterday, Rick? I went to see a _ because I had a cold. A. teacher B. doctor C. reporter 7. What should she do?她该怎么办呢？Sh

19、ould I take my temperature?我应该量一下体温吗？【解析 1】should “应该” 情态动词，后跟动词原形，表示责任和义务should not =shouldnt 不应该主语+ should/ shouldn t + 动词原形 . . You shouldn t go out at night.你晚上不应该出去。You should _ (lie) down and rest. ( ) You _ be quiet when you are in the reading room. A. should B. shouldn t C. can D. cant 名师资料总

20、结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 4 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第5页 共 29 页【2013重庆】 30Hurry up ，or you _catch the train Acant Bneednt Cmustnt D. shouldnt【2013山西】 21. A country has dreams. We teenagers _ also have dreams. With dreams and

21、hard work, anything amazing can be created. A. may B. must C. should 【2013安徽】 You _ drive your car so fast. It s very dangerous. A. wouldn t B. shouldn t C. couldn t D. mightn t 【解析 2】take one s temperature 量体温8. No, it doesn t sound like you have a fever. 不需要，听起来你不像发烧了。【解析 1】sound like 听起来像，后接名词或名词

22、性短语作表语。It sounds like a good idea. 【拓展】“感官动词 + like feel like 摸起来像smell like 闻起来像look like 看起来像taste like 尝起来像【解析 2】fever/ fi:v ?:(r)/n. 发烧have a fever 发烧You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要休息一下，远离电脑。9. You need to take break away from the computer. 你需要远离电脑，休息休息。【解析】 need v 需要用于肯定句是实义

23、动词(1) need sth 需要某物I need your help. (2) 人做主语， sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事Do you need to drink more water? (3) 物做主语， sth need doing sth = sth need to be done My TV set needs repairing. I need _(come) to the office quickly because some work need _(finish) at once. ( ) David needs _ a good rest. A. has

24、B. to have C. have D. having 用于否定句是情态动词neednt = dont have to 没有必要must ,need 引导的疑问句肯定回答用( ) Must I hand in my exercise book now, Mr. Zhao? No, you _ .You may give it to me tomorrow. A. neednt B. mustnt C. cant D. may not ( ) You dont have to go to bed too late at night. A. cant B. shouldn t C. neednt

25、 D. would like to 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 5 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第6页 共 29 页【2013湖南邵阳】 27.Must I hand it in today? No. you _ . You can do it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt 【2013广东广州】 20.Must I finish my homew

26、ork now? No, you _. You can go home now. A. needn t B. mustn t C. shouldnt D. can t 【2013湖南娄底】 25. Must I start now? No, you_ A. mustnt B. cant C. neednt 9. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐得太久了。【解析】 without doing sth. without doing sth 没有做某事、没做某事I let the day

27、 away without doing anything at all. 我一点事也没干就让一天过去了。The storm passed off without doing much damage. 暴风雨过去了，没有造成多大灾害。10.If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 如果你的头和脖子明天还疼的话，就去看医生。【解析 1】neck /nek/ n.颈；脖子 neck and neck 不分上下，势均力敌【解析 2】hurt /h3：(r)t/ v. (hurt /h3 ：(r)t/) ( 使痛 ；受

28、伤 ) 表示肉体感到疼痛或不适，使用时应用疼痛的具体部位作主语。My leg hurts. 11. At 9:00 a.m . yesterday, bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road. 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 6 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the

29、 matter 知识点第7页 共 29 页昨天上午 9:00 , 26 路公共汽车正沿着中华路行驶，这时，司机看见一位老人躺在马路上。【解析 1】along/ down 相同点：prep “顺着；沿着 ”不同点： along 强调顺着水平方向down 指“沿着 下坡或者往南走 ”【2012江苏南京】 My father has habit( 习惯) of jogging _ the Jinchuan River for an hour in the morning . A. between B. along C. over 【2011襄阳】29.- Would you mind turning

30、 _ the light? Its too dark here. - OK. Wait a minute, please. A. over B. on C. off D. down 【解析 2】see （saw , seen ） v 看见see sb. do sth 看见某人做某事（看到动作发生的全过程或经常看到动作发生）see sb. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事（强调动作正在发生）【2012四川雅安市 1】17. Andy prefers _ books to _ TV. A. reading; watching B. read; watch C. looking; seeing

31、 D. look; see 【2013湖北黄石 4】 Seeing their teacher _ into the classroom, they stopped _ at once. A. walk; telling B. entering; to speak C. enter; to tell D. walking; talking 【解析 3】lie/lai/v. (lay/lei/ ) 躺 ；平躺lie lay lain v 躺下， (现在分词 lying ). lie down 躺下lie down and rest 躺下休息12.The bus driver,24-year-ol

32、d Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. 公共汽车司机， 24 岁的王平，毫不犹豫的停下了车。【解析】 24-year-old 24 岁的“数词 +名词+形容词”构成复合形容词，在句中作定语，用连字符后连接，名词用单数。( ) Tom,_ boy, is the only child of the family. A. a five years old B. a five-year-old C. a five-year-olds 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

33、- - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 7 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第8页 共 29 页本文说的 five-year-old 的意思是 “ 五岁大的 ” ，其中的 five 只是我们随意举的一个例子， 它也可换成 one, two, three, four, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve 等；同时，其中的 year也可根据情况改用month, day等词。本文拟这类结构的用法作一小结，同时也对其相关用法作一归纳。一、基本用法1.用作形容词M

34、y four-year-old daughter was asleep on the sofa. 我四岁的女儿在沙发上睡着了。Mary drove. Her ten-year-old daughter sat behind. 玛丽开车，她十岁的女儿坐在后面。Their five-year-old son is able to use the calendar to count how many days it is until his birthday. 他们五岁的儿子能用日历数出离他的生日还有多少天。In the car accident the mother was killed, but

35、 her two-year-old son was found alive. 在这次车祸中，母亲死了，但是她两岁的儿子却还活着。2.用作名词A seven-year-old should be able to read. 七岁的儿童应当识字了。Shes quite clever for a ten-year-old. 对一个 10 岁的孩子来说，她算相当聪明了。Tim has an average vocabulary for a 3-year-old. 蒂姆掌握了相当于3岁孩子的平均词汇 (量)。二、用法联想1. five-year-old 中的 year 可用复数吗 ?不可以。 five-

36、year-old 这类结构中的 year只能用单数，不能用复数。如：她的两岁的儿子摇摇摆摆地走进屋里。误：Her two-years-old son toddled into the room. 正：Her two-year-old son toddled into the room. 2. five-year-old 中的连字符可以去掉吗 ?不可以。若去掉，则要转换表达方式。如：She has a ten-year-old son. 她有个 10 岁的儿子。She has a son ten years old. 她有个 10 岁的儿子。Her son is ten years old. 她

37、儿子 10 岁。3. five-year-old 可用作表语吗？名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 8 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第9页 共 29 页不可以。若要用作表语，可考虑改用five years old 之类的表达。如：她 20 岁，但却嫁了一个50 岁的丈夫。误：She was twenty-year-old, but married a man of fifty. 正：She was

38、twenty years old, but married a man of fifty. 4. five-year-old 前用 a 还是 an？five-year-old 前若需要用不定冠词，要用a，不能用 an。但是，若将其中的five 改为 eight, eleven, eighteen, eighty等，则其前要用 an，不用 a尤其是当它们以 8, 11, 18, 80这样的数字出现时更要引起注意。如：He has an 11-year-old daughter. 他有一个 11 岁大的女儿。He married an 18-year - old American girl. 他娶

39、了一个 18 岁的美国女孩。5. five-year-old 用作名词时可以有复数形式吗？可以。 five-year-old 这类结构用作名词时，若语法上需要用复数，可以在词尾加-s。如：Eighteen-year-olds qualify to vote. 年满十八岁者有选举权The report attacks the idea of exams for 7- and 8-year-olds. 这份报道抨击了对七八岁孩子进行考试的设想。Even ten-year-olds have started wearing lipstick and make-up in imitation of t

40、he older girls. 甚至连 10 来岁的女孩子们也开始模仿年龄大一点的女孩子开始抹口红和化妆。( ) My brother has a _ son. A. four-years-old B. fourth-year-old C. four-year-old D. four-year-olds 【2013黑龙江绥化】 She is a _ girl with two big eyes. A. Six-years- old B. six-year - old C. Six years old 13. He got off and asked the woman what happene

41、d. 他下车问那名妇女发生了什么事。【解析】 get off 下车 (反） get on 上车【2012江苏徐州】Don t forget to take your bag when you _ the bus. A. get off B. take off C. turn off D. put off 【拓展】与 get 相关的短语：get up 起床get back 回来；取回get over 克服；度过get onalong well with 与相处融洽get in a word 插话 get to 到达【2013山东滨州 4】32. So many problems! Im tire

42、d.You should try to them by yourself. You are not a child any longer. A. get into B. get off C. get on D. get over 【2013新疆乌鲁木齐 2】27. If Ted can _ his difficulties, hell make great名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 9 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s th

43、e matter 知识点第10页 共 29 页progress. A. come over B. get over C. get off D. come out 14. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但令他吃惊的是，所有的乘客都同意和他一起去医院。【解析】 surprise s?pra ?z v 使吃惊 surprising adj. 令人吃惊的surprised adj. 吃惊的surprise sb 使某人吃惊The bad news surprised me. be surprised at 对感到吃惊be su

44、rprised to do sth 做某事而感到惊讶be surprised + that 从句 因.而惊讶Surprise n 惊讶”to one s surprise 使某人吃惊的是in surprise 吃惊地_( 使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam. We are _at the _news.(surprise) ( ) _his surprise, she succeeded in climbing up the high mountain. A. At B. To C. In D. On 【2011昭通】 I was very su

45、rprised when the alien went into a souvenir shop. A. excited B. amazing C. relaxing D. amazed 【2012山东东营市 4】19. The fans were _ to know the death of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston. A. glad B. angry C. excited D. surprised 【2013枣庄】88. I got home for my birthday from my college on Friday ev

46、ening. No one was at home, and Mom and Dad hadnt left me a note. This made me _. A. surprised B. happy C. angry D. excited 【解析 2】agree v (反)disagree agreement n 同意(1) agree with sb. 同意某人I agree with you. (2)agree to do sth 同意做某事 Do you agree with him? No, I _ (agree ) with him. ( ) I think English i

47、s more useful than Chinese. I dont _ you. They are both useful. A. get on with B. catch up with C. talk with D. agree with 名师资料总结 - - -精品资料欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 名师精心整理 - - - - - - - 第 10 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - U1 What s the matter 知识点第11页 共 29 页15. Thanks to Mr. Wang and the p

48、assengers , the doctor saved the man in time.多亏了王先生和乘客的帮助，医生及时挽救了那位老人的生命。【解析 1】 thanks to 多亏；由于thanks to 为习语介词， thanks 不可以改为 thank you ，to 后也不接动词原形，这个短语表示原因，意为“ 由于” 、“ 多亏” ，to 表示感谢的对象 thanks for ，意为 “ 因而感谢 ” ，for 强调为何而感谢，其后可接名词或v-ing thanks 相当于 thank you ，【2013黑龙江绥化】 23. _ the teacher, Ive made grea

49、t progress.A. Thank you B. Thanks C. Thanks lot hanks 和 thank you 没有区别。都是谢谢，只不过有些习惯上，我们会说no，thanks 。，thank 不能单独出现，因为thank 作为动词是及物动词，所以要接上感谢的对象Thank you 和 thanks a lot没什么区别，如果说有的话，那只能说Thank you 是谢谢你的意思，而 thanks a lot是多谢的意思。至于为什么thank you的 thank 不加 s，thanks a lot的 thank 又为什么加s 呢， Thank you=Thanks ，属于固

50、定短语，记住就可以了。【2013呼和浩特】74. _ her husband， she has now become a famous film star. A. Because B. Thanks to C. Thanks for D. With the help【解析 2】on time 准时/in time 及时on time= at exactly the right time. 准时（在规定的时间之内）强调与某个时刻一致in time = with enough time to spare/ not late 及时（恰在时间点上）表示动作在规定时间内或比规定时间提前发生【记】She